The kingdom of Buyeo夫餘國
1Buyeo — a thousand li north of Hyeondo, of old the land of Ye
夫餘國，在玄菟北千里。南與高句驪，東與挹婁，西與鮮卑接，北有弱水。地方二千里，本濊地也。
The kingdom of Buyeo lies a thousand li north of Hyeondo. It borders Goguryeo on the south, Eumnu on the east, and the Xianbei on the west, and to the north is the Yaksu (弱水). Its land is two thousand li square, and of old it was the land of Ye (濊).
2Dongmyeong struck the water with his bow, and the fish and the turtles rose up
初，北夷索離國王出行，其待兒於後妊身，王還，欲殺之。侍兒曰：“前見天上有氣，大如雞子，來降我，因以有身。”王囚之，後遂生男。王令置於豕牢，豕以口氣噓之，不死。復徙於馬蘭，馬亦如之。王以為神，乃聽母收養，名曰東明。東明長而善射，王忌其猛，復欲殺之。東明奔走，南至掩淲水，以弓擊水，魚鱉皆聚浮水上，東明乘之得度，因至夫餘而王之焉。於東夷之域，最為平敞，土宜五穀。出名馬、赤玉、貂豽，大珠如酸棗。以員柵為城，有宮室、倉庫、牢獄。其人粗大强勇而謹厚，不為寇鈔。以弓矢刀矛為兵。以六畜名官，有馬加、牛加、狗加，其邑落皆主屬諸加，食飲用俎豆，會同拜爵洗爵，揖讓升降。以臘月祭天，大會連日，飲食歌舞，名曰“迎鼓”。是時斷刑獄，解囚徒。有軍事亦祭天，殺牛，以蹄占其吉凶。行人無晝夜，好歌吟，音聲不絕。其俗用刑嚴急，被誅者皆沒其家人為奴婢。盜一責十二。男女淫，皆殺之，尤治惡妒婦，既殺，復尸於山上。兄死妻嫂。死則有椁無棺。殺人殉葬，多者以百數。其王葬用玉匣，漢朝常豫以玉匣付玄菟郡，王死則迎取以葬焉。
In the beginning, while the king of Saengni (索離) among the Northern Yi (北夷) was away on a journey, a serving girl he had left behind became with child. When the king came back he meant to kill her. The girl said, "Some time ago I saw a vapor in the sky, as large as a hen's egg, and it came down upon me, and by this I am with child." The king shut her up, and afterward she bore a son. The king had him put in the pigsty, but the pigs breathed on him with their mouths and he did not die. He was moved again to the stable, and the horses did the same. The king took him for a spirit, and so he let the mother take him up and raise him, and named him Dongmyeong (東明).
Dongmyeong grew up and shot well with the bow, and the king, fearing that he was so fierce, wished to kill him. Dongmyeong fled, and going south he came to the Eomhosu (掩淲水). He struck the water with his bow, and the fish and the turtles all gathered and rose up on the water. Dongmyeong crossed upon them and came to Buyeo, and there he was king.
Of all the lands of the Eastern Yi it is the most level and open, and the soil suits the five grains. Famous horses come from there, and red jade, sable, and nwal (豽), and the great pearls are the size of a wild jujube. They make a round palisade for their wall, and they have palaces, storehouses, and prisons. The people are large of body, strong and brave, and yet careful and generous, and they do not steal or plunder. For weapons they have bows and arrows, swords and spears.
They name their offices from the six domestic animals, and there are maga (馬加), uga (牛加), and guga (狗加), and their settlements all belong to the several ga. In eating and drinking they use the sacrificial vessels (俎豆), and when they gather and meet they raise the cup and wash the cup, and bow and yield as they go up and down. In the twelfth month they sacrifice to Heaven, and they gather in a great assembly for days together, eating and drinking, singing and dancing, and this is called Yeonggo (迎鼓). At this time they cut off punishments and lawsuits and set free those who are held in prison. When there is a matter of war they sacrifice to Heaven as well, and they kill an ox and divine good fortune and ill from its hooves. Those who go along the road love to sing by night and by day, and the sound does not cease.
By their custom the use of punishment is stern and swift. Those who are put to death all have the people of their house taken and made slaves. One who steals pays back twelvefold. Men and women who are licentious are all killed, and a jealous wife is punished most heavily of all: when she has been killed her body is set out again on a mountain. When an elder brother dies, his widow is taken to wife. When a man dies there is an outer coffin but no inner coffin. They kill people to bury with the dead, and at the most they may be counted in hundreds. For the burial of their king they use a jade case, and the court of Han always sent a jade case beforehand to the commandery of Hyeondo, and when the king died they fetched it and buried him in it.
3Envoys go and come year by year, and at times they plunder Nangnang and Hyeondo
建武中，東夷諸國皆來獻見。二十五年，夫餘王遣使奉貢，光武厚答報之，於是使命歲通。至安帝永初五年，夫餘王始將步騎七八千人寇抄樂浪，殺傷吏民，後復歸附。永寧元年，乃遣嗣子尉仇台詣闕貢獻，天子賜尉仇台印綬金彩。順帝永和元年，其王來朝京師，帝作黄門鼓吹、角抵戲以遣之。桓帝延熹四年，遣使朝賀貢獻。永康元年，王夫台將二萬餘人寇玄菟，玄菟太守公孫域擊破之，斬首千餘級。至靈帝熹平三年，復奉章貢獻。夫餘本屬玄菟，獻帝時，其王求屬遼東云。
In the Jianwu years all the countries of the Eastern Yi came to offer tribute and be received. In the twenty-fifth year the king of Buyeo sent an envoy with tribute, and Emperor Guangwu answered and repaid him generously, and from then on envoys passed every year.
By the fifth year of Yongchu under Emperor An, the king of Buyeo for the first time led seven or eight thousand foot and horse and plundered Nangnang, killing and wounding officials and people; but afterward he came back and attached himself again. In the first year of Yongning he sent his heir Wigutae (尉仇台) to the palace with tribute, and the Son of Heaven gave Wigutae a seal with its ribbon, and gold and colored silk. In the first year of Yonghe under Emperor Shun their king came to court at the capital, and the emperor made the drums and pipes of the Yellow Gate and the wrestling games for him and sent him off.
In the fourth year of Yanxi under Emperor Huan he sent an envoy with congratulations and tribute. In the first year of Yongkang the king Butae (夫台) led more than twenty thousand men and plundered Hyeondo, and Gongsun Yu (公孫域), Grand Administrator of Hyeondo, struck and broke them and took more than a thousand heads. By the third year of Xiping under Emperor Ling they sent up a memorial with tribute once more. Buyeo belonged of old to Hyeondo, and in the time of Emperor Xian its king asked to belong to Liaodong.