Yetgeul › Taketori Monogatari (The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter)

Part Seven竹取物語 7

Taketori Monogatari (The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter) 竹取物語 · Unknown · Written in the late 9th or early 10th century · 5 passages · 1,925 Chinese characters · reading time 4.8 min

Taketori Monogatari (The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter) The oldest tale that survives in Japan. A child who came out of a bamboo stalk grows up, turns away in turn the suits of five noblemen and of the emperor, and returns to the moon. What she asks the five to bring is in every case a thing not to be had in this world — the stone begging bowl of the Buddha from India, the jeweled branch of Hōrai, the fur robe of the fire rat, the jewel on a dragon's neck, the koyasugai of the swallow — and each of them cheats and contrives and comes to disgrace. Why smoke rises from the summit of Fuji is set down at the end of this tale as well.

中納言石上麻呂は、家につかはるゝ男どもの許に、「燕の巣くひたらば告げよ。」との給ふを、うけたまはりて、「何の料にかあらん。」と申す。答へての給ふやう、「燕のもたる子安貝とらん料なり。」との給ふ。男ども答へて申す、「燕を數多殺して見るにだにも、腹になきものなり。たゞし子産む時なんいかでかいだすらん、はら〳〵と人だに見れば失せぬ。」と申す。又人のまをすやう、「大炊寮の飯炊ぐ屋の棟のつくの穴毎に燕は巣くひ侍り。それにまめならん男どもをゐてまかりて、あぐらをゆひて上げて窺はせんに、そこらの燕子うまざらんやは。さてこそとらしめ給はめ。」と申す。中納言喜び給ひて、「をかしき事にもあるかな。もともえ知らざりけり。興あること申したり。」との給ひて、まめなる男ども二十人ばかり遣して、あなゝひに上げすゑられたり。殿より使ひまなく給はせて、「子安貝とりたるか。」と問はせ給ふ。「燕も人の數多のぼり居たるにおぢて、巣にのぼりこず。」かゝるよしの御返事を申しければ、聞き給ひて、「いかゞすべき。」と思しめし煩ふに、かの寮の官人くらつ麿と申す翁申すやう、「子安貝とらんと思しめさば、たばかり申さん。」とて、御前に參りたれば、中納言額を合せてむかひ給へり。くらつ麿が申すやう、「この燕の子安貝は、惡しくたばかりてとらせ給ふなり。さてはえとらせ給はじ。あなゝひにおどろ〳〵しく、二十人の人ののぼりて侍れば、あれて寄りまうで來ずなん。せさせ給ふべきやうは、このあななひを毀ちて、人皆退きて、まめならん人一人を荒籠に載せすゑて、綱をかまへて、鳥の子産まん間に綱を釣りあげさせて、ふと子安貝をとらせ給はんなんよかるべき。」と申す。中納言の給ふやう、「いとよきことなり。」とて、あなゝひを毀ちて、人皆歸りまうできぬ。中納言くらつ麿にの給はく、「燕はいかなる時にか子を産むと知りて、人をばあぐべき。」とのたまふ。くらつ麿申すやう、「燕は子うまんとする時は、尾をさゝげて七度廻りてなん産み落すめる。さて七度廻らんをりひき上げて、そのをり子安貝はとらせ給へ。」と申す。中納言喜び給ひて、萬の人にも知らせ給はで、みそかに寮にいまして、男どもの中に交りて、夜を晝になしてとらしめ給ふ。くらつ麿かく申すを、いといたく喜び給ひての給ふ、「こゝに使はるゝ人にもなきに、願をかなふることの嬉しさ。」と宣ひて、御衣ぬぎてかづけ給ひつ。更に「夜さりこの寮にまうでこ。」とのたまひて遣しつ。日暮れぬれば、かの寮におはして見給ふに、誠に燕巣作れり。くらつ麿申すやうに、尾をさゝげて廻るに、荒籠に人を載せて釣りあげさせて、燕の巣に手をさし入れさせて探るに、「物もなし。」と申すに、中納言「惡しく探ればなきなり。」と腹だちて、「誰ばかりおぼえんに。」とて、「我のぼりて探らん。」とのたまひて、籠にのりてつられ登りて窺ひ給へるに、燕尾をさゝげていたく廻るに合せて、手を捧げて探り給ふに、手にひらめるものさはる時に、「われ物握りたり。今はおろしてよ。翁しえたり。」との給ひて、集りて「疾くおろさん。」とて、綱をひきすぐして、綱絶ゆる、即やしまの鼎の上にのけざまに落ち給へり。人々あさましがりて、寄りて抱へ奉れり。御目はしらめにてふし給へり。人々御口に水を掬ひ入れ奉る。辛うじて息いで給へるに、また鼎の上より、手とり足とりしてさげおろし奉る。辛うじて「御心地はいかゞおぼさるゝ。」と問へば、息の下にて、「ものは少し覺ゆれど腰なん動かれぬ。されど子安貝をふと握りもたれば嬉しく覺ゆるなり。まづ脂燭さしてこ。この貝顔みん。」と、御ぐしもたげて御手をひろげ給へるに、燕のまりおける古糞を握り給へるなりけり。それを見給ひて、「あなかひなのわざや。」との給ひけるよりぞ、思ふに違ふことをば、かひなしとはいひける。「かひにもあらず。」と見給ひけるに、御こゝちも違ひて、唐櫃の蓋に入れられ給ふべくもあらず、御腰は折れにけり。中納言はいはけたるわざして、病むことを人に聞かせじとし給ひけれど、それを病にていと弱くなり給ひにけり。 貝をえとらずなりにけるよりも、人の聞き笑はんことを、日にそへて思ひ給ひければ、たゞに病み死ぬるよりも、人ぎき恥しく覺え給ふなりけり。これをかぐや姫聞きてとぶらひにやる歌、

The Middle Counselor Isonokami no Maro said to the men who served in his house, "When a swallow builds a nest, tell me of it." They received his word and asked, "What is it for?" He answered, "It is to get the koyasugai shell that the swallow keeps."

The men answered, "We have killed a great many swallows and looked, and the thing is not in their bellies. Only when they bear their young do they put it out somehow, and the moment a man so much as looks, it is gone in a flash."

Another man said, "In every hole of the ridgepole of the cooking house of the Office of the Palace Kitchen the swallows build their nests. If you take trusty men there and tie up a scaffold and set them on it to watch, will not some of all those swallows bear their young? Then you may have them take it."

The Middle Counselor was glad and said, "This is an amusing thing. I did not know it at all. You have told me something of interest." He sent about twenty trusty men and had them set up on the scaffold. From his house he sent messengers without ceasing to ask, "Have you got the koyasugai shell?" The answer they sent back was to this effect: "The swallows too are afraid of so many men perched up here, and they do not come to the nests." When he heard it he was troubled in mind and said, "What is to be done?" Then an old man of that office, an official called Kuratsumaro, said to him,

"If you wish to get the koyasugai shell, I will tell you a plan." And he came forward, and the Middle Counselor sat facing him, forehead to forehead.

Kuratsumaro said, "You are trying to get this koyasugai shell of the swallows by a bad plan. That way you will not get it. Twenty men are up on the scaffold with a great noise, and the birds take fright and do not come near. What you should do is this. Pull down this scaffold, send all the men away, and set one trusty man in an open basket and tie a rope to it. When the bird is about to lay its egg, have the rope hauled up, and let him take the koyasugai shell quickly. That would be well."

The Middle Counselor said, "This is very good," and the scaffold was pulled down and all the men came back.

The Middle Counselor said to Kuratsumaro, "How is a man to know at what time the swallow bears its young, so that he may be sent up?"

Kuratsumaro said, "When the swallow is about to bear its young, it lifts its tail and turns about seven times, and then it seems to drop the young. So haul the man up when it turns the seventh time, and at that moment take the koyasugai shell."

The Middle Counselor was glad, and without letting anyone know he went secretly to the office and mingled with the men, and made night into day to get the thing. He was very glad that Kuratsumaro had told him this, and said, "You are not even one of the people who serve here, and yet you grant me what I desire. This is a joy to me." And he took off the robe he was wearing and gave it to him. He sent him away, saying, "Come to this office again when night falls."

When the day grew dark he went to that office and looked, and the swallows had indeed built nests. As Kuratsumaro had said, they lifted their tails and turned about. A man was set in the open basket and hauled up, and he put his hand into the swallow's nest and felt about, and he said, "There is nothing here." The Middle Counselor was angry and said, "It is not there because you grope for it so clumsily." And he said, "Whom am I to trust?" and, "I will go up and feel for it myself." So he got into the basket and was hauled up and hung there, and watched. As the swallow lifted its tail and turned hard about, he raised his hand and felt, and at the moment when something flat came into his hand he said, "I have hold of something. Now let me down. Old man, I have done it." The people gathered and said, "Let us bring him down quickly," and they pulled the rope too hard, and the rope broke, and he fell straight backward onto the great cauldron on the kitchen range.

The people were aghast, and came near and took him in their arms. His eyes had turned up white and he lay face down. They took up water in their hands and put it into his mouth. When at last his breath came out, they took him by the hands and by the feet and lifted him down from the cauldron. When at last they asked, "How does it feel with you?" he said under his breath, "I am a little aware of things, but my back will not move. Yet I caught up the koyasugai shell at once and I have it, so I am glad. First bring a light here. I will look on the face of this shell." He raised his head and opened his hand, and what he held was the old droppings the swallow had left there.

He looked at it and said, "Ah, this was a thing without worth." And from those words a thing that turns out otherwise than one hoped came to be called "kainashi." And while he was looking and saying, "It is not even a shell," his mind too went astray, and his back was broken so badly that he could not be laid in the lid of a Chinese chest. The Middle Counselor tried to keep men from hearing that he was ill of doing so childish a thing, but it turned into a sickness and he grew very weak.

More than the not getting of the shell, he thought day after day of how people would hear of it and laugh. It seemed to him a more shameful thing to be heard of by people than simply to sicken and die. Kaguya-hime heard of this, and the poem she sent to ask after him was this:

Interlinear notes 1

It is because "kai," which is a shell, and "kai," which is worth, are one sound. — translator

年を經て浪立ちよらぬすみのえのまつかひなしと聞くはまことか

Though the years go by, where no wave comes to the shore, like the Suminoe pines, that your waiting was without worth: is it true, what I hear?

とあるをよみて聞かす。いと弱き心地に頭もたげて、人に紙もたせて、苦しき心地に辛うじてかき給ふ。

So it was, and they read it out to him. In his very weak state he raised his head, and had a man hold the paper, and in his pain he barely wrote this:

かひはかくありけるものをわびはてゝ死ぬる命をすくひやはせぬ

The shell, you see, was here for me after all, yet this life of mine, worn out with grief and fading, it does not save at all.

と書きはてゝ絶え入り給ひぬ。これを聞きて、かぐや姫少し哀とおぼしけり。それよりなん少し嬉しきことをば、かひありとはいひける。

He finished writing, and his breath went out. Kaguya-hime heard of it and felt a little pity. From that time a thing that gives a little joy came to be called "kaiari."

Interlinear notes 1

"Kaiari" means that there is worth in it. — translator