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Tamna耽羅

Yuan Shi Gaoli Zhuan (The Account of Goryeo in the History of Yuan) 元史 高麗傳 · Song Lian and others · 1370 (Ming, 3rd year of the Hongwu era) · 3 passages · 349 Chinese characters · reading time 1.4 min

Yuan Shi Gaoli Zhuan (The Account of Goryeo in the History of Yuan) Complete in one volume A hundred years of Goryeo as the Mongol empire saw it. It begins with the campaign against the Khitan at Gangdong Fortress and goes on to the killing of the darughachi and the move of the capital to Ganghwa, the parley between Khubilai and King Wonjong, Im Yeon’s deposing and setting up of kings, the Sambyeolcho and Tamna, King Chungnyeol’s marriage and the Branch Secretariat for the Eastern Campaign, and the whole course of the two expeditions against Japan — of a hundred thousand men, three came back.

1Why Tamna was struck first

耽羅,高麗與國也。世祖既臣服高麗,以耽羅為南宋、日本衝要,亦注意焉。至元六年七月,遣明威將軍都統領脫脫兒、武德將軍統領王國昌、武略將軍副統領劉傑往視耽羅等處道路,詔高麗國王王禃選官導送。時高麗叛賊林衍者,有餘黨金通精遁入耽羅。九年,中書省臣及樞密院臣議曰:「若先有事日本,未見其逆順之情,恐有後辭。可先平耽羅,然後觀日本從否,徐議其事。且耽羅國王嘗來朝覲,今叛賊逐其主,據其城以亂,舉兵討之,義所先也。」

Tamna is a friendly country of Goryeo. After Shizu had brought Goryeo to submit as a subject, he gave his mind to Tamna as well, because it was a key point on the way to the Southern Song and to Japan. In the seventh month of the sixth year of Zhiyuan he sent Tuotuo'er, general of manifest might and chief commandant, Wang Guochang, general of martial virtue and commandant, and Liu Jie, general of martial strategy and deputy commandant, to go and look over the roads of Tamna and those parts, and by edict Wang Sik, the king of Goryeo, was to choose officers to guide and escort them. At that time Kim Tong-jeong, of the party left from Im Yeon, the rebel bandit of Goryeo, had fled into Tamna. In the ninth year the ministers of the Central Secretariat and of the Bureau of Military Affairs deliberated and said, "If we first open business with Japan and have not yet seen whether their heart is to resist or to follow, we fear there will be words about it afterward. It will do to put down Tamna first, and then to watch whether Japan follows or not and discuss that matter slowly. Moreover the king of Tamna once came to court in audience, and now a rebel bandit has driven out its master and holds its fortress in disorder. To raise troops and strike him is what righteousness would do first."

2The office for subduing Tamna

十年正月,命經略使忻都、史樞及洪茶丘等率兵船大小百有八艘,討耽羅賊黨。六月,平之,於其地立耽羅國招討司,屯鎮邊軍千七百人。其貢賦歲進毛施布百匹。招討司後改為軍民都達魯花赤總管府,又改為軍民安撫司。

In the first month of the tenth year Xindu, commander of the frontier command, and Shi Shu and Hong Dagu and others were ordered to lead a hundred and eight warships, great and small, and strike the bandit party of Tamna. In the sixth month they put it down, and on that ground they set up the office for subduing the kingdom of Tamna and stationed seventeen hundred men of the frontier-guard army there. Its tribute (貢賦) was fixed at a hundred bolts of ramie cloth to be sent up each year. The office for subduing was afterward changed into the general administration office of the chief darughachi for troops and people, and was changed again into the pacification office for troops and people.

3Given back to Goryeo

三十一年,高麗王上言,耽羅之地,自祖宗以來臣屬其國;林衍逆黨既平之後,尹邦寶充招討副使,以計求徑隸朝廷,乞仍舊。帝曰:「此小事,可使還屬高麗。」自是遂復隸高麗。

In the thirty-first year the king of Goryeo reported that the land of Tamna had belonged as a subject to his country ever since his ancestors' time, and that after the rebel party of Im Yeon had been put down, Yun Bang-bo, who had become deputy commissioner of the office for subduing, had contrived to have it made directly subject to the court; and he begged that it be as before. The emperor said, "This is a small matter. Let it be made to belong to Goryeo again." From this time on it belonged to Goryeo once more.