Dixing — Terrestrial Forms墜形訓
墬形之所載，六合之間，四極之內，照之以日月，經之以星辰，紀之以四時，要之以太歲，天地之間，九州八極，土有九山，山有九塞，澤有九藪，風有八等，水有六品。
What the form of the earth carries lies between the six directions and within the four ends. The sun and the moon shine upon it. The stars draw their threads through it. The four seasons keep its record. Taisui gathers it up. Between heaven and earth there are nine provinces and eight extremities. On the land there are nine mountains. In the mountains there are nine fortresses. In the waters there are nine fens. Among the winds there are eight grades. Among the waters there are six kinds.
何謂九州？東南神州曰農土，正南次州曰沃土，西南戎州曰滔土，正西弇州曰並土，正中冀州曰中土，西北台州曰肥土，正北泲州曰成土，東北薄州曰隱土，正東陽州曰申土。
What are the nine provinces? In the southeast is Shenzhou, and it is called Nongtu. In the due south is Cizhou, and it is called Wotu. In the southwest is Rongzhou, and it is called Taotu. In the due west is Yanzhou, and it is called Bingtu. In the very center is Jizhou (冀州), and it is called Zhongtu. In the northwest is Taizhou, and it is called Feitu. In the due north is Jizhou (泲州), and it is called Chengtu. In the northeast is Bozhou, and it is called Yintu. In the due east is Yangzhou, and it is called Shentu.
何謂九山？會稽、泰山、王屋、首山、太華、岐山、太行、羊腸、孟門。何謂九塞？曰太汾、澠厄、荊阮、方城、肴阪、井陘、令疵、句注、居庸。何謂九藪？曰越之具區，楚之雲夢澤，秦之陽紆，晉之大陸，鄭之圃田，宋之孟諸，齊之海隅，趙之钜鹿，燕之昭餘。
What are the nine mountains? Kuaiji, Taishan, Wangwu, Shoushan, Taihua, Qishan, Taihang, Yangchang and Mengmen. What are the nine fortresses? They are Taifen, Mian'e, Jingruan, Fangcheng, Yaoban, Jingxing, Lingci, Gouzhu and Juyong. What are the nine fens? They are Juqu of Yue, the Yunmeng Marsh of Chu, Yangyu of Qin, Dalu of Jin (晉), Putian of Zheng, Mengzhu of Song, Haiyu of Qi, Julu of Zhao and Zhaoyu of Yan.
何謂八風？東北曰炎風，東方曰條風，東南曰景風，南方曰巨風，西南曰涼風，西方曰飂風，西北曰麗風，北方曰寒風。
What are the eight winds? The northeast wind is called Yanfeng. The east wind is called Tiaofeng. The southeast wind is called Jingfeng. The south wind is called Jufeng. The southwest wind is called Liangfeng. The west wind is called Liufeng. The northwest wind is called Lifeng. The north wind is called Hanfeng.
何謂六水？曰河水、赤水、遼水、黑水、江水、淮水。
What are the six waters? They are the He River, the Chi River, the Liao River, the Hei River, the Jiang River and the Huai River.
闔四海之內，東西二萬八千里，南北二萬六千里，水道八千里，通穀其名川六百，陸徑三千里。禹乃使太章步自東極，至於西極，二億三萬三千五百里七十五步。使豎亥步自北極，至於南極，二億三萬三千五百七十五里。凡鴻水淵藪，自三百仞以上，二億三萬三千五百五十里，有九淵。禹乃以息土填洪水以為名山，掘昆侖虛以下地，中有增城九重，其高萬一千里百一十四步二尺六寸。上有木禾，其修五尋，珠樹、玉樹、琁樹、不死樹在其西，沙棠、琅玕在其東，絳樹在其南，碧樹、瑤樹在其北。旁有四百四十門，門間四裏，里間九純，純丈五尺。旁有九井玉橫，維其西北之隅，北門開以內不周之風，傾宮、旋室、縣圃、涼風、樊桐在昆侖閶闔之中，是其疏圃。疏圃之池，浸之黃水，黃水三周複其原，是謂丹水，飲之不死。河水出昆侖東北陬，貫渤海，入禹所導積石山，赤水出其東南陬，西南注南海丹澤之東。赤水之東，弱水出自窮石，至於合黎，餘波入於流沙，絕流沙南至南海。洋水出其西北陬，入於南海羽民之南。凡四水者，帝之神泉，以和百藥，以潤萬物。
Within the four seas, from east to west is twenty-eight thousand li, and from north to south is twenty-six thousand li. The waterways run eight thousand li. The famous streams that pass through the valleys are six hundred. The land roads run three thousand li. Yu then had Taizhang pace from the eastern pole to the western pole, and it was two hundred million thirty-three thousand five hundred li and seventy-five paces. He had Shuhai pace from the northern pole to the southern pole, and it was two hundred million thirty-three thousand five hundred and seventy-five li. In all, the great waters and the deeps and the fens, from three hundred ren and above, make two hundred million thirty-three thousand five hundred and fifty li, and there are nine deeps. Yu then filled the flood with the self-growing earth and made the famous mountains of it. He dug out Kunlunxu and brought the ground down. In the middle there is Zengcheng of nine tiers, and its height is eleven thousand li, one hundred and fourteen paces, two chi and six cun. Above it there is the grain tree, and its length is five xun. The pearl tree, the jade tree, the xuan tree and the deathless tree are to its west. The shatang and the langgan are to its east. The crimson tree is to its south. The green jade tree and the yao tree are to its north. At its side there are four hundred and forty gates. Between the gates is four li. Between the li is nine chun, and a chun is one zhang and five chi. At its side there are nine wells with jade rails, and they hold the thread of its northwest corner. The north gate is opened to let in the wind of Buzhou. Qinggong, Xuanshi, Xuanpu, Liangfeng and Fantong lie within the Changhe of Kunlun, and this is its Shupu. The pool of Shupu is watered by the Yellow Water. The Yellow Water goes round three times and comes back to its source. This is called the Cinnabar Water, and one who drinks it does not die. The He River comes out at the northeast corner of Kunlun, runs through the Bohai, and enters Mount Jishi, to which Yu led it. The Chi River comes out at its southeast corner and pours southwest into the east of the Cinnabar Marsh of the South Sea. East of the Chi River, the Ruo River comes out of Qiongshi and reaches Heli, and its remaining waves enter the flowing sands. It cuts across the flowing sands and reaches the South Sea in the south. The Yang River comes out at its northwest corner and enters the South Sea, south of the Yu people. These four waters are the holy springs of the Emperor. They bring the hundred medicines into harmony and moisten the ten thousand things.
昆侖之丘，或上倍之，是謂涼風之山，登之而不死。或上倍之，是謂懸圃，登之乃靈，能使風雨。或上倍之，乃維上天，登之乃神，是謂太帝之居。扶木在陽州，日之所曊。建木在都廣，眾帝所自上下，日中無景，呼而無響，蓋天地之中也。若木在建木西，末有十日，其華照下地。
The hill of Kunlun rises, and double it, and this is called the Mountain of Liangfeng. One who climbs it does not die. Double it again, and this is called Xuanpu. One who climbs it becomes holy and can command the wind and the rain. Double it again, and it is bound to the heaven above. One who climbs it becomes a god, and this is called the dwelling of the Great Emperor. Fumu stands in Yangzhou, where the sun shines. Jianmu stands in Duguang, where the many emperors go up and come down. At midday there is no shadow there, and a shout raises no echo. It is likely the center of heaven and earth. Ruomu stands west of Jianmu. At its tip are the ten suns, and its blossom lights the earth below.
九州之大，純方千里，九州之外，乃有八殥，亦方千里。自東北方曰大澤，曰無通；東方曰大渚，曰少海；東南方曰具區，曰元澤；南方曰大夢，曰浩澤；西南方曰渚資，曰丹澤；西方曰九區，曰泉澤；西北方曰大夏，曰海澤；北方曰大冥，曰寒澤。凡八殥八澤之雲，是雨九州。
The nine provinces in their greatness are a full thousand li square. Beyond the nine provinces there are the eight outer lands, and these too are a thousand li square. In the northeast is Daze, and it is called Wutong. In the east is Dazhu, and it is called Shaohai. In the southeast is Juqu, and it is called Yuanze. In the south is Dameng, and it is called Haoze. In the southwest is Zhuzi, and it is called Danze. In the west is Jiuqu, and it is called Quanze. In the northwest is Daxia, and it is called Haize. In the north is Daming, and it is called Hanze. The clouds of the eight outer lands and the eight marshes are what rain upon the nine provinces.
八殥之外，而有八紘，亦方千里，自東北方曰和丘，曰荒土；東方曰棘林，曰桑野；東南方曰大窮，曰眾女；南方曰都廣，曰反戶；西南方曰焦僥，曰炎土；西方曰金丘，曰沃野；西北方曰一目，曰沙所；北方曰積冰，曰委羽。凡八紘之氣，是出寒暑，以合八正，必以風雨。
Beyond the eight outer lands there are the eight bounds, and these too are a thousand li square. In the northeast is Heqiu, and it is called Huangtu. In the east is Jilin, and it is called Sangye. In the southeast is Daqiong, and it is called Zhongnü. In the south is Duguang, and it is called Fanhu. In the southwest is Jiaoyao, and it is called Yantu. In the west is Jinqiu, and it is called Woye. In the northwest is Yimu, and it is called Shasuo. In the north is Jibing, and it is called Weiyu. The qi of the eight bounds is what sends out cold and heat. It is matched to the eight correct points, and it always works by wind and rain.
八紘之外，乃有八極，自東北方曰方土之山，曰蒼門；東方曰東極之山，曰開明之門；東南方曰波母之山，曰陽門；南方曰南極之山，曰暑門；西南方曰編駒之山，曰白門；西方曰西極之山，曰閶闔之門；西北方曰不周之山，曰幽都之門；北方曰北極之山，曰寒門。凡八極之雲，是雨天下；八門之風，是節寒暑。八紘、八殥、八澤之雲，以雨九州而和中土。
Beyond the eight bounds there are the eight extremities. In the northeast is the Mountain of Fangtu, and the Cang Gate. In the east is the Mountain of the Eastern Pole, and the Gate of Kaiming. In the southeast is the Mountain of Bomu, and the Yang Gate. In the south is the Mountain of the Southern Pole, and the Shu Gate. In the southwest is the Mountain of Bianju, and the Bai Gate. In the west is the Mountain of the Western Pole, and the Gate of Changhe. In the northwest is the Mountain of Buzhou, and the Gate of Youdu. In the north is the Mountain of the Northern Pole, and the Han Gate. The clouds of the eight extremities are what rain upon all under heaven. The winds of the eight gates are what temper cold and heat. The clouds of the eight bounds, the eight outer lands and the eight marshes rain upon the nine provinces and bring the central land into harmony.
東方之美者，有醫毋閭之珣玗琪焉；東南方之美者，有會稽之竹箭焉；南方之美者，有梁山之犀象焉；西南方之美者，有華山之金石焉。西方之美者，有霍山之珠玉焉；西北方之美者，有昆侖之球琳、琅玕焉。北方之美者，有幽都之筋角焉；東北方之美者，有斥山之文皮焉；中央之美者，有岱嶽以生五穀桑麻，魚鹽出焉。
Among the fine things of the east there is the xunyuqi of Yiwulu. Among the fine things of the southeast there are the bamboo arrows of Kuaiji. Among the fine things of the south there are the rhinoceros and the elephant of Mount Liang. Among the fine things of the southwest there are the metal and the stone of Mount Hua. Among the fine things of the west there are the pearls and the jade of Mount Huo. Among the fine things of the northwest there are the qiulin and the langgan of Kunlun. Among the fine things of the north there are the sinew and the horn of Youdu. Among the fine things of the northeast there are the patterned hides of Mount Chi. Among the fine things of the center there is Daiyue, which brings forth the five grains, the mulberry and the hemp, and there fish and salt are found.
凡地形，東西為緯，南北為經，山為積德，川為積刑，高者為生，下者為死，丘陵為牡，溪穀為牝。水圓折者有珠，方折者有玉。清水有黃金，龍淵有玉英。土地各以其類生，是故山氣多男，澤氣多女，障氣多喑，風氣多聾，林氣多癃，木氣多傴，岸下氣多腫，石氣多力，險阻氣多癭，暑氣多夭，寒氣多壽，穀氣多痹，丘氣多狂，衍氣多仁，陵氣多貪。輕土多利，重土多遲，清水音小，濁水音大，湍水人輕，遲水人重，中土多聖人。皆象其氣，皆應其類。故南方有不死之草，北方有不釋之冰，東方有君子之國，西方有形殘之屍。寢居直夢，人死為鬼，磁石上飛，雲母來水，土龍致雨，燕雁代飛。蛤蟹珠龜，與月盛衰，是故堅土人剛，弱土人肥，壚土人大，沙土人細，息土人美，毛土人醜。食水者善遊能寒，食土者無心而慧，食木者多力而𡚤，食草者善走而愚，食葉者有絲而蛾，食肉者勇敢而悍，食氣者神明而壽，食穀者知慧而夭。不食者不死而神。
In the form of the earth, east and west are the weft and north and south are the warp. The mountains are heaped virtue. The streams are heaped punishment. What is high is life. What is low is death. The hills are male. The brooks and the valleys are female. Where the water bends round there are pearls. Where it bends square there is jade. In clear water there is yellow gold. In the dragon's deep there is the flower of jade. Each soil brings forth after its own kind. For this reason the qi of the mountains makes many boys, and the qi of the marshes makes many girls. The qi of miasma makes many mute, and the qi of the wind makes many deaf. The qi of the forest makes many hunchbacked, and the qi of the trees makes many bent. The qi below the banks makes many swollen, and the qi of the stone makes many strong. The qi of steep and broken places makes many with goiters, and the qi of heat makes many die young. The qi of cold makes many live long, and the qi of the valleys makes many lame. The qi of the mounds makes many mad, and the qi of level ground makes many kind. The qi of the ridges makes many greedy. Light soil makes many quick. Heavy soil makes many slow. Clear water has a small sound. Muddy water has a great sound. The people of rushing water are light. The people of slow water are heavy. In the central land there are many sages. All take after their qi. All answer to their kind. So in the south there is a grass that does not die. In the north there is ice that does not melt. In the east there is a country of gentlemen. In the west there are corpses of broken form. Lying down to sleep brings straight dreams. A person who dies becomes a ghost. The lodestone flies upward. Mica draws water. An earthen dragon brings rain. The swallow and the wild goose fly by turns. The clam, the crab, the pearl and the tortoise wax and wane with the moon. For this reason the people of hard soil are firm. The people of soft soil are fat. The people of black loam are large. The people of sandy soil are slight. The people of the self-growing earth are fair. The people of hairy soil are ugly. Those that feed on water swim well and bear the cold. Those that feed on earth are without mind and yet are clever. Those that feed on wood have much strength and are fierce. Those that feed on grass run well and are foolish. Those that feed on leaves have silk in them and become moths. Those that feed on flesh are brave and savage. Those that feed on qi are god-like and live long. Those that feed on grain are clever and die young. Those that feed on nothing do not die and are holy.
凡人民禽獸萬物貞蟲，各有以生，或奇或偶，或飛或走，莫知其情，唯知通道者，能原本之。天一地二人三，三三而九，九九八十一。一主日，日數十，日主人，人故十月而生。八九七十二，二主偶，偶以承奇，奇主辰，辰主月，月主馬，馬故十二月而生。七九六十三，三主鬥，鬥主犬，犬故三月而生。六九五十四，四主時，時主彘，彘故四月而生。五九四十五，五主音，音主猿，猿故五月而生。四九三十六，六主律，律主麋鹿，麋鹿故六月而生。三九二十七，七主星，星主虎，虎故七月而生。二九十八，八主風，風主蟲，蟲故八月而化。鳥魚皆生於陰，陰屬於陽，故鳥魚皆卵生。魚游于水，鳥飛於雲，故立冬燕雀入海，化為蛤。
The people, the birds and beasts, the ten thousand things and the small creatures each have that by which they are born. Some are odd and some are even. Some fly and some run. None knows their nature. Only one who has gone through to the Way can trace them to their root. Heaven is one, earth is two, man is three. Three times three is nine, and nine times nine is eighty-one. One governs the sun. The number of the sun is ten. The sun governs man, and so man is born in the tenth month. Eight times nine is seventy-two. Two governs the even. The even upholds the odd. The odd governs the markers. The markers govern the moon. The moon governs the horse, and so the horse is born in the twelfth month. Seven times nine is sixty-three. Three governs the Dipper. The Dipper governs the dog, and so the dog is born in the third month. Six times nine is fifty-four. Four governs the seasons. The seasons govern the pig, and so the pig is born in the fourth month. Five times nine is forty-five. Five governs the notes. The notes govern the ape, and so the ape is born in the fifth month. Four times nine is thirty-six. Six governs the pitch pipes. The pitch pipes govern the elk and the deer, and so the elk and the deer are born in the sixth month. Three times nine is twenty-seven. Seven governs the stars. The stars govern the tiger, and so the tiger is born in the seventh month. Two times nine is eighteen. Eight governs the wind. The wind governs the insects, and so the insects change in the eighth month. Birds and fish are all born of yin, and yin belongs to yang. So birds and fish are all born from eggs. Fish swim in the water and birds fly in the clouds. So at the coming of winter the swallow and the sparrow enter the sea and change into clams.
萬物之生而各異類，蠶食而不飲，蟬飲而不食，蜉蝣不飲不食，介鱗者夏食而冬蟄，齧吞者八竅而卵生，嚼咽者九竅而胎生，四足者無羽翼，戴角者無上齒，無角者膏而無前，有角者指而無後，晝生者類父，夜生者似母，至陰生牝，至陽生牡。夫熊羆蟄藏，飛鳥時移。是故白水宜玉，黑水宜砥，青水宜碧，赤水宜丹，黃水宜金，清水宜龜，汾水蒙濁而宜麻，泲水通和而宜麥，河水中濁而宜菽，雒水輕利而宜禾，渭水多力而宜黍，漢水重安而宜竹，江水肥仁而宜稻。平土之人，慧而宜五穀。東方川穀之所注，日月之所出，其人兌形小頭，隆鼻大口，鳶肩企行，竅通於目，筋氣屬焉，蒼色主肝，長大早知而不壽；其地宜麥，多虎豹。南方，陽氣之所積，暑濕居之，其人修形兌上，大口決𦚚，竅通於耳，血脈屬焉，赤色主心，早壯而夭；其地宜稻，多兕象。西方高土，川穀出焉，日月入焉，其人面末僂，修頸卬行，竅通於鼻，皮革屬焉，白色主肺，勇敢不仁；其地宜黍，多旄犀。北方幽晦不明，天之所閉也，寒水之所積也，蟄蟲之所伏也，其人翕形短頸，大肩下尻，竅通于陰，骨幹屬焉，黑色主腎，其人蠢愚，禽獸而壽；其地宜菽，多犬馬。中央四達，風氣之所通，雨露之所會也，其人大面短頤，美須惡肥，竅通於口，膚肉屬焉，黃色主胃，慧聖而好治；其地宜禾，多牛羊及六畜。木勝土，土勝水，水勝火，火勝金，金勝木，故禾春生秋死，菽夏生冬死，麥秋生夏死，薺冬生中夏死。木壯，水老火生金囚土死；火壯，木老土生水囚金死；土壯，火老金生木囚水死；金壯，土老水生火囚木死。音有五聲，宮其主也；色有五章，黃其主也；味有五變，甘其主也；位有五材，土其主也。是故煉土生木，煉木生火，煉火生雲，煉雲生水，煉水反土。煉甘生酸，煉酸生辛，煉辛生苦，煉苦生鹹，煉咸反甘。變宮生征，變征生商，變商生羽，變羽生角，變角生宮。是故以水和土，以土和火，以火化金，以金治木，木得反土。五行相治，所以成器用。
The ten thousand things are born, and each kind differs. The silkworm eats and does not drink. The cicada drinks and does not eat. The mayfly neither drinks nor eats. Those with shell and scale eat in summer and hide in winter. Those that bite and swallow have eight openings and are born from eggs. Those that chew and gulp have nine openings and are born from the womb. Those with four feet have no wings. Those that bear horns have no upper teeth. Those without horns are fat and lack the front. Those with horns have toes and lack the hind. Those born by day take after the father. Those born by night take after the mother. Utmost yin brings forth the female. Utmost yang brings forth the male. The bear and the brown bear hide themselves away, and the flying birds move with the season. For this reason white water suits jade, and black water suits whetstone. Blue water suits green jade, and red water suits cinnabar. Yellow water suits metal, and clear water suits the tortoise. The Fen River is dim and muddy and suits hemp. The Ji River runs through and even and suits barley. The He River is muddy in the middle and suits beans. The Luo River is light and free and suits rice. The Wei River has much strength and suits millet. The Han River is heavy and calm and suits bamboo. The Jiang River is rich and kind and suits rice. The people of level land are clever, and it suits the five grains. The east is where the streams and the valleys pour, and where the sun and the moon come out. Its people are sharp in form with small heads, high noses and big mouths. They have kite shoulders and walk on tiptoe. Their opening runs to the eyes, and sinew and qi belong to them. The green color governs the liver. They are tall and know things early, but they do not live long. That land suits barley, and tigers and leopards are many. The south is where the qi of yang is heaped, and heat and damp dwell in it. Its people are long in form and sharp above, with big mouths and wide-open eyes. Their opening runs to the ears, and blood and vessels belong to them. The red color governs the heart. They are strong early and die young. That land suits rice, and wild oxen and elephants are many. The west is high ground, where the streams and the valleys come out and where the sun and the moon go in. Its people have faces bent at the end and long necks, and they walk with the head raised. Their opening runs to the nose, and skin and hide belong to them. The white color governs the lungs. They are brave and not kind. That land suits millet, and long-haired oxen and rhinoceros are many. The north is deep and dark and not bright. It is where heaven closes, where cold water is heaped, and where the hiding creatures lie low. Its people are drawn in and short-necked, with big shoulders and low haunches. Their opening runs to the privy parts, and bone and frame belong to them. The black color governs the kidneys. Those people are dull and like beasts, and yet they live long. That land suits beans, and dogs and horses are many. The center runs open on four sides. It is where the qi of the wind passes through, and where rain and dew gather. Its people have big faces and short chins. Their beards are fine and they hate to be fat. Their opening runs to the mouth, and skin and flesh belong to them. The yellow color governs the stomach. They are clever and wise and love to govern. That land suits rice, and cattle and sheep and the six beasts are many. Wood overcomes earth. Earth overcomes water. Water overcomes fire. Fire overcomes metal. Metal overcomes wood. So rice is born in spring and dies in autumn. Beans are born in summer and die in winter. Barley is born in autumn and dies in summer. The shepherd's purse is born in winter and dies in midsummer. When wood is strong, water grows old, fire is born, metal is shut in, and earth dies. When fire is strong, wood grows old, earth is born, water is shut in, and metal dies. When earth is strong, fire grows old, metal is born, wood is shut in, and water dies. When metal is strong, earth grows old, water is born, fire is shut in, and wood dies. In sound there are five notes, and gong is their master. In color there are five patterns, and yellow is their master. In taste there are five changes, and the sweet is their master. In place there are five materials, and earth is their master. For this reason refining earth brings forth wood. Refining wood brings forth fire. Refining fire brings forth cloud. Refining cloud brings forth water. Refining water goes back to earth. Refining the sweet brings forth the sour. Refining the sour brings forth the pungent. Refining the pungent brings forth the bitter. Refining the bitter brings forth the salty. Refining the salty goes back to the sweet. Changing gong brings forth zhi. Changing zhi brings forth shang. Changing shang brings forth yu. Changing yu brings forth jue. Changing jue brings forth gong. For this reason water is used to blend earth, and earth to blend fire, and fire to change metal, and metal to work wood, and wood finds its way back to earth. The five phases govern one another, and this is how vessels and their uses are made.
凡海外三十五國，自西北至西南方，有修股民、天民、肅慎民、白民、沃民、女子民、丈夫民、奇股民、一臂民、三身民；自西南至東南方，結胸民、羽民、歡頭國民、裸國民、三苗民、交股民、不死民、穿胸民、反舌民、豕喙民、鑿齒民、三頭民、修臂民；自東南至東北方，有大人國、君子國、黑齒民、玄股民、毛民、勞民；自東北至西北方，有跂踵民、句嬰民、深目民、無腸民、柔利民、一目民、無繼民。雒棠、武人在西北陬，蛖龍魚在其南，有神二人連臂為帝候夜，在其西南方，三珠樹在其東北方，有玉樹在赤水之上。昆侖、華丘在其東南方，爰有遺玉，青馬、視肉、楊桃、甘樝、甘華，百果所生。和丘在其東北陬，三桑、無枝在其西，誇父、耽耳在其北方。誇父棄其策，是為鄧林。昆吾丘在南方，軒轅丘在西方，巫鹹在其北方，立登保之山，暘谷、榑桑在東方，有娀在不周之北，長女簡翟，少女建疵。西王母在流沙之瀕，樂民、拏閭，在昆侖弱水之洲。三危在樂民西，宵明、燭光在河洲，所照方千里。龍門在河淵，湍池在昆侖，玄耀、不周、申池在海隅。孟諸在沛。
Beyond the seas there are thirty-five countries in all. From the northwest to the southwest there are the Xiugu people, the Tian people, the Sushen people, the Bai people, the Wo people, the Nüzi people, the Zhangfu people, the Qigu people, the Yibi people and the Sanshen people. From the southwest to the southeast there are the Jiexiong people, the Yu people, the people of the country of Huantou, the people of the naked country, the Sanmiao people, the Jiaogu people, the Busi people, the Chuanxiong people, the Fanshe people, the Shihui people, the Zaochi people, the Santou people and the Xiubi people. From the southeast to the northeast there are the country of Daren, the country of Junzi, the Heichi people, the Xuangu people, the Mao people and the Lao people. From the northeast to the northwest there are the Qizhong people, the Gouying people, the Shenmu people, the Wuchang people, the Rouli people, the Yimu people and the Wuji people. Luotang and Wuren are at the northwest corner. The banglong fish is to their south. There are two gods who join arms and keep the night watch for the Emperor, and they are to the southwest. The tree of three pearls is to the northeast. There is a jade tree above the Chi River. Kunlun and Huaqiu are to the southeast. There are found the yiyu, the green horse, the shirou, the yangtao, the ganzha and the ganhua, and this is where the hundred fruits are born. Heqiu is at the northeast corner. The three mulberries and the branchless tree are to its west. Kuafu and Dan'er are to its north. Kuafu threw down his staff, and it became Denglin. Kunwu Hill is in the south. Xuanyuan Hill is in the west. Wuxian is to its north and stands on the Mountain of Dengbao. Yanggu and Fusang are in the east. Yousong is north of Buzhou, and its elder daughter is Jiandi and its younger daughter is Jianci. Xiwangmu is on the shore of the flowing sands. Lemin and Nalu are on the isle of the Ruo River at Kunlun. Sanwei is west of Lemin. Xiaoming and Zhuguang are on the isle of the He River, and what they light is a thousand li square. Longmen is at the deep of the He River. Tuanchi is at Kunlun. Xuanyao, Buzhou and Shenchi are at the corner of the sea. Mengzhu is at Pei.
少室、太室在冀州。燭龍在雁門北，蔽於委羽之山，不見日，其神人面龍身而無足。后稷壟在建木西，其人死復蘇，其半魚，在其間。流黃、沃民在其北方三百里，狗國在其東。雷澤有神，龍身人頭，鼓其腹而熙。江出岷山，東流絕漢入海，左還北流，至於開母之北，右還東流，至於東極。河出積石。睢出荊山。淮出桐柏山。睢出羽山。清漳出楬戾，濁漳出發包。濟出王屋。時、泗、沂、出臺、台、術。洛出獵山，汶出弗其，西流合於濟。漢出嶓塚。涇出薄落之山。渭出鳥鼠同穴。伊出上魏。雒出熊耳。浚出華竅。維出覆舟。汾出燕京。衽出濆熊。淄出目飴。丹水出高褚。股出嶕焦山。鎬出鮮于。涼出茅廬、石樑，汝出猛山。淇出大號。晉出龍山結結，合出封羊。遼出砥石，釜出景，岐出石橋，呼沱出魯平，泥塗淵出樠山，維濕北流出于燕。
Shaoshi and Taishi are in Jizhou (冀州). Zhulong is north of Yanmen, hidden by the Mountain of Weiyu, and does not see the sun. That god has a human face and a dragon's body, and no feet. The mound of Houji is west of Jianmu. That man died and came to life again, and half of him is a fish, and he is there between them. Liuhuang and the Wo people are three hundred li to its north, and the country of Gou is to its east. In Leize there is a god with a dragon's body and a human head, who drums on his belly and takes his pleasure. The Jiang comes out of Mount Min, flows east, cuts across the Han and enters the sea. It turns to the left and flows north and reaches the north of Kaimu. It turns to the right and flows east and reaches the eastern pole. The He River comes out of Jishi. The Sui River comes out of Mount Jing. The Huai River comes out of Mount Tongbai. The Sui River comes out of Mount Yu. The Clear Zhang comes out of Jieli, and the Muddy Zhang comes out of Fabao. The Ji River comes out of Wangwu. The Shi, the Si and the Yi come out of Tai, Tai and Shu. The Luo River comes out of Mount Lie. The Wen River comes out of Fuqi and flows west to join the Ji. The Han River comes out of Bozhong. The Jing River comes out of the Mountain of Boluo. The Wei River comes out of Niaoshutongxue. The Yi River comes out of Shangwei. The Luo River comes out of Xiong'er. The Jun River comes out of Huaqiao. The Wei River comes out of Fuzhou. The Fen River comes out of Yanjing. The Ren River comes out of Fenxiong. The Zi River comes out of Muyi. The Dan River comes out of Gaozhu. The Gu River comes out of the Mountain of Jiaojiao. The Hao River comes out of Xianyu. The Liang River comes out of Maolu and Shiliang, and the Ru River comes out of Mount Meng. The Qi River comes out of Dahao. The Jin River comes out of Jiejie at Mount Long, and the He River comes out of Fengyang. The Liao River comes out of Dishi. The Fu River comes out of Jing. The Qi River comes out of Shiqiao. The Hutuo comes out of Luping. The deep of Nitu comes out of Mount Man. The Weishi flows north and comes out at Yan.
諸稽、攝提，條風之所生也；通視，明庶風之所生也；赤奮若，清明風之所生也；共工，景風之所生也；諸比，涼風之所生也；皋稽，閶闔風之所生也；隅強，不周風之所生也；窮奇，廣莫風之所生也。厃生海人，海人生若菌，若菌生聖人，聖人生庶人。凡厃者生於庶人。羽嘉生飛龍，飛龍生鳳皇，鳳皇生鸞鳥，鸞鳥生庶鳥，凡羽者生於庶鳥。毛犢生應龍，應龍生建馬，建馬生麒鹿麟，麒麟生庶獸，凡毛者，生於庶獸。介鱗生蛟龍，蛟龍生鯤鯁，錕鯁生建邪，建邪生庶魚，凡鱗者生於庶魚。介潭生先龍，先龍生玄黿，玄黿生靈龜，靈龜生庶龜，凡介者生於庶龜。暖濕生容，暖濕生於毛風，毛風生於濕玄，濕玄生於羽風，羽風生嬤介，嬤介生鱗薄，鱗薄生暖介。五類雜種興乎外，肖形而蕃。日馮生陽閼，陽閼生喬如，喬如生幹木，幹木生庶木，凡根拔木者生於庶木。根拔生程若，程若生玄玉，玄玉生醴泉，醴泉生皇辜，皇辜生庶草，凡根茇草者生於庶草。海閭生屈龍，屈龍生容華，容華生蔈，蔈生萍藻，萍藻生浮草，凡浮生不根茇者生於萍藻。
Zhuji and Sheti are what Tiaofeng brings forth. Tongshi is what Mingshufeng brings forth. Chifenruo is what Qingmingfeng brings forth. Gonggong is what Jingfeng brings forth. Zhubi is what Liangfeng brings forth. Gaoji is what Changhefeng brings forth. Yuqiang is what Buzhoufeng brings forth. Qiongqi is what Guangmofeng brings forth. The wei brings forth the sea people. The sea people bring forth ruojun. Ruojun brings forth the sage. The sage brings forth the common people. All wei are born from the common people. Yujia brings forth the flying dragon. The flying dragon brings forth the phoenix. The phoenix brings forth the luan bird. The luan bird brings forth the common birds. All that have feathers are born from the common birds. Maodu brings forth the responding dragon. The responding dragon brings forth the jianma. The jianma brings forth the qilin. The qilin brings forth the common beasts. All that have hair are born from the common beasts. Jielin brings forth the jiao dragon. The jiao dragon brings forth the kungeng. The kungeng brings forth the jianxie. The jianxie brings forth the common fish. All that have scales are born from the common fish. Jietan brings forth the first dragon. The first dragon brings forth the dark turtle. The dark turtle brings forth the holy tortoise. The holy tortoise brings forth the common tortoises. All that have shells are born from the common tortoises. The warm and the damp bring forth rong. The warm and the damp are born of the hairy wind. The hairy wind is born of the damp dark. The damp dark is born of the feathered wind. The feathered wind brings forth majie. Majie brings forth linbo. Linbo brings forth nuanjie. The five kinds and their mixed seeds arise outside, and they take after the forms and multiply. Riping brings forth Yang'e. Yang'e brings forth Qiaoru. Qiaoru brings forth Ganmu. Ganmu brings forth the common trees. All trees that strike root are born from the common trees. Genba brings forth Chengruo. Chengruo brings forth dark jade. Dark jade brings forth the sweet spring. The sweet spring brings forth Huanggu. Huanggu brings forth the common grasses. All grasses that hold root are born from the common grasses. Hailu brings forth Qulong. Qulong brings forth Ronghua. Ronghua brings forth biao. Biao brings forth duckweed and waterwort. Duckweed and waterwort bring forth floating grass. All that float and grow without root are born from duckweed and waterwort.
正土之氣也，禦乎埃天，埃天五百歲生缺，缺五百歲生黃埃，黃埃五百歲生黃澒，黃澒五百歲生黃金，黃金千歲生黃龍，黃龍入藏生黃泉，黃泉之埃上為黃雲，陰陽相搏為雷，激揚為電，上者就下，流水就通，而合于黃海。
The qi of the correct earth wards off Aitian. Aitian in five hundred years brings forth que. Que in five hundred years brings forth yellow dust. Yellow dust in five hundred years brings forth yellow quicksilver. Yellow quicksilver in five hundred years brings forth yellow gold. Yellow gold in a thousand years brings forth the yellow dragon. The yellow dragon hides away and brings forth the Yellow Springs. The dust of the Yellow Springs rises and becomes yellow cloud. Yin and yang beat against each other and become thunder. They flash upward and become lightning. What is above goes down, and the flowing water goes where it can pass, and joins the Yellow Sea.
偏土之氣，禦乎清天，清天八百歲生青曾，青曾八百歲生青澒，青澒八百歲生青金，青金八百歲生青龍，青龍入藏生青泉，青泉之埃上為青雲，陰陽相薄為雷，激揚為電，上者就下，流水就通，而合于青海。
The qi of the slanted earth wards off Qingtian. Qingtian in eight hundred years brings forth blue zeng. Blue zeng in eight hundred years brings forth blue quicksilver. Blue quicksilver in eight hundred years brings forth blue metal. Blue metal in eight hundred years brings forth the blue dragon. The blue dragon hides away and brings forth the Blue Springs. The dust of the Blue Springs rises and becomes blue cloud. Yin and yang beat against each other and become thunder. They flash upward and become lightning. What is above goes down, and the flowing water goes where it can pass, and joins the Blue Sea.
壯士之氣，禦於赤天，赤天七百歲生赤丹，赤丹七百歲生赤澒，赤澒七百歲生赤金，赤金千歲生赤龍，赤龍入藏生赤泉，赤泉之埃上為赤雲，陰陽相薄為雷，激揚為電，上者就下，流水就通，而合於赤海。
The qi of the strong earth wards off Chitian. Chitian in seven hundred years brings forth red cinnabar. Red cinnabar in seven hundred years brings forth red quicksilver. Red quicksilver in seven hundred years brings forth red metal. Red metal in a thousand years brings forth the red dragon. The red dragon hides away and brings forth the Red Springs. The dust of the Red Springs rises and becomes red cloud. Yin and yang beat against each other and become thunder. They flash upward and become lightning. What is above goes down, and the flowing water goes where it can pass, and joins the Red Sea.
弱土之氣，禦于白天，白天九百歲生白礜，白礜九百歲生白澒，白澒九百歲生白金，白金千歲生白龍，白龍入藏生白泉，白泉之埃上為白雲，陰陽相薄為雷，激揚為電，上者就下，流水就通，而合于白海。
The qi of the weak earth wards off Baitian. Baitian in nine hundred years brings forth the white yu stone. The white yu stone in nine hundred years brings forth white quicksilver. White quicksilver in nine hundred years brings forth white metal. White metal in a thousand years brings forth the white dragon. The white dragon hides away and brings forth the White Springs. The dust of the White Springs rises and becomes white cloud. Yin and yang beat against each other and become thunder. They flash upward and become lightning. What is above goes down, and the flowing water goes where it can pass, and joins the White Sea.
牝土之氣，禦于玄天，玄天六百歲生玄砥，玄砥六百歲生玄澒，玄澒六百歲生玄金，玄金千歲生玄龍，玄龍入藏生玄泉，玄泉之埃上為玄雲，陰陽相薄為雷，激揚為電，上者就下，流水就通，而合于玄海。
The qi of the female earth wards off Xuantian. Xuantian in six hundred years brings forth the dark whetstone. The dark whetstone in six hundred years brings forth dark quicksilver. Dark quicksilver in six hundred years brings forth dark metal. Dark metal in a thousand years brings forth the dark dragon. The dark dragon hides away and brings forth the Dark Springs. The dust of the Dark Springs rises and becomes dark cloud. Yin and yang beat against each other and become thunder. They flash upward and become lightning. What is above goes down, and the flowing water goes where it can pass, and joins the Dark Sea.