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Zhongyong (The Doctrine of the Mean)中庸

Ascribed to Zisi · A text carried in the Book of Rites · China · 34 chapters · 4,033 Chinese characters

It begins: "What Heaven decrees is called the nature. Following the nature is called the way. Cultivating the way is called teaching." Of the Four Books it is the one that reaches furthest. The first half gathers the words of Confucius to say why the mean is so hard — all under heaven can be governed evenly, rank and pay can be declined, a bare blade can be trodden on, and still the mean cannot be done. The second half turns on truth alone, saying that truth is the way of Heaven and making oneself true is the way of man, and it goes at last to standing third beside Heaven and earth. The saying "where another is able in one try, I make it a hundred; where another is able in ten, I make it a thousand" comes from here too.

Thirty-four sections fully translated. The graph counts were matched against the source text section by section and confirmed to differ by not a single graph (4,033 graphs). ★The source text is the text as it stood in the Book of Rites, and Zhu Xi's Zhongyong zhangju is not used. So the division into sections differs from the thirty-three sections of the zhangju edition — the passages of the source text were taken as sections just as they are, making thirty-four, and section 20, which is one section in the zhangju edition, is here divided into the two sections 20 and 21. The source text carries a textquality 25% mark. Among what caught the eye are 「徼辛」 in section 14 (properly 徼幸) and 「好字專」 in section 29 (properly 好自專). The graphs are left as the source text has them and were construed by the sense in translating.