Making Friends交友篇
1A Room of Iris and Orchid
子曰:「與善人居,如入芝蘭之室,久而不聞其香,即與之化矣。與不善人居,如入鮑魚之肆,久而不聞其臭,亦與之化矣。丹之所藏者赤,漆之所藏者黑,是以君子必慎其所與處者焉。」
Confucius said, "To live with a good person is like entering a room of iris and orchid. After a long while you no longer smell the fragrance, but by then you have been changed by it. To live with a bad person is like entering a shop of salted fish. After a long while you no longer smell the stench, but by then you have been changed by it too. A vessel that holds cinnabar turns red, and a vessel that holds lacquer turns black. Therefore the gentleman is careful about those he lives among."
2One House Plants It, Two Houses Are Fragrant
「與好人交者,如蘭蕙之香,一家種之,兩家皆香。與惡人交者,如抱子上牆,一人失腳,兩人遭殃。」
"To be friends with a good person is like the fragrance of orchid and sweet herb. One house plants it, and both houses are fragrant. To be friends with an evil person is like climbing a wall with a child in your arms. One person slips, and both are struck by the harm."
3Like Walking through Mist
《家語》雲:「與好人同行,如霧露中行,雖不濕衣,時時滋潤。與無識人同行,如廁中坐,雖不污衣,時時聞臭。與惡人同行,如刀劍中行,雖不傷人,時時驚恐。」
The Jia yu says, "To walk with a good person is like walking through mist and dew. Your clothes are not soaked, but little by little they grow damp. To walk with an ignorant person is like sitting in a privy. Your clothes are not soiled, but now and then you catch the stench. To walk with an evil person is like walking among knives and swords. Your body is not wounded, but now and then you are startled and afraid."
4Draw Near to Red and You Turn Red
太公曰:「近朱者赤,近墨者黑。近賢者明,近才者智,近癡者愚,近良者德,近智者賢,近愚者暗,近佞者諂,近偷者賊。」
Taigong said, "Draw near to red and you turn red. Draw near to ink and you turn black. Draw near to the worthy and you grow bright. Draw near to the talented and you grow wise. Draw near to the foolish and you grow foolish. Draw near to the good and you grow virtuous. Draw near to the wise and you grow worthy. Draw near to the dull and you grow dim. Draw near to the flatterer and you grow to flatter. Draw near to the thief and you turn robber."
5Never Tire of Yielding to Each Other
橫渠先生曰:「今之朋友,擇其善柔以相與,拍肩執袂以為氣合。一言不合,怒氣相加。朋友之際,欲其相下不倦。故於朋友之間,至於敬者,日相親與,德效最速。」
Master Hengqu said, "The friends of today choose those who are soft and pliant with them, and take slapping shoulders and catching sleeves for agreement of spirit. Then one word does not suit them, and they meet each other with an angry face. Between friends there should be no tiring of yielding to each other. And so those who reach respect between friends grow closer by the day, and gain in virtue fastest of all."
6Respect Even after Long Acquaintance
子曰:「晏平仲善與人交,久而敬之。」
Confucius said, "Yan Pingzhong knows how to keep friends. Even after long acquaintance he still respects them."
7Respect the Dangerous Man and Keep Him Far
嵇康曰:「兇險之人,敬而遠之。賢德之人,親而近之。彼以惡來,我以善應。彼以曲來,我以直應。豈有怨之哉?」
Ji Kang said, "Respect the fierce and dangerous man, and keep him far off. Befriend the worthy and virtuous man, and keep him close. If he comes with evil, answer with good. If he comes crooked, answer straight. How then could there be any grudge?"
8Those Who Injure and Abandon Themselves
孟子曰:「自暴者,不可與有言也。自棄者,不可與有為也。」
Mencius said, "With one who injures himself you cannot speak. With one who abandons himself you cannot work."
9A Scholar without a Good Friend
太公曰:「女無明鏡,不知面上精粗;士無良友,不知行步虧踰。」
Taigong said, "A woman without a clear mirror does not know whether her face is fair or rough. A scholar without a good friend does not know where his conduct falls short."
10Urging Each Other toward Good
子曰:「責善,朋友之道。」
Confucius said, "To urge each other toward good is the way of friends."
11Make Friends of Those Better Than You
結朋友須勝己,似我不如無。
When you make friends, make them of those better than yourself. A friend who is only like you is worse than none.
12How Many Know Your Heart?
相識滿天下,知心能幾人?
Those who know your face fill the whole world. How many are there who know your heart?
13Do Not Plant the Weeping Willow
種樹莫種垂楊柳,結交莫交輕薄兒。
Plant trees, but do not plant the weeping willow. Make friends, but do not make friends of the shallow and the light.
14Joined in Heart, Joined in Face
古人結交惟結心,今人結交惟結面。
The people of old joined only hearts in friendship. The people of today join only faces.
15The Wife of Lean Years, the Friends of Poor Days
宋弘曰:「糟糠之妻不下堂,貧賤之交不可忘。」
Song Hong said, "The wife who ate dregs and chaff with you is not sent down from the hall. The friendship of poor and lowly days must not be forgotten."
16Make Friends While He Is Still Poor
施恩於未遇之先,結交於貧寒之際。人情常似初相識,到老終無怨恨心。
Give kindness before a man's time has come. Make friends while he is poor and cold. If the feeling between you stays as it was at the first meeting, there will be no grudge in the heart to the end of your days.
17A Thousand Brothers of Wine and Food
酒食弟兄千個有,急難之時一個無。
Brothers of wine and food, there were a thousand of them. In the hour of urgent trouble, there is not one.
18Do Not Plant a Flower That Bears No Fruit
不結子花休要種,無義之朋切莫交。
Do not plant a flower that bears no fruit. Never make a friend of one who has no sense of right.
19Friendship Plain as Water
君子之交淡如水,小人之交甜似蜜。
The friendship of a gentleman is plain as water. The friendship of a small man is sweet as honey.
20Money Shows the Heart
人用財交,金用火試。水持杖探知深淺,人用財交便見心。
A man is tried by dealing in money, and gold is tried by fire. Water is sounded with a staff to know if it is deep or shallow, and a man's heart is seen as soon as money passes between you.
21Right Feeling and Money
仁義莫交財,交財仁義絕。
Do not pass money between those bound by benevolence and right. Once money passes, benevolence and right are cut off.
22A Long Road Shows a Horse's Strength
路遙知馬力,事久見人心。
A long road shows the strength of a horse. Long dealings show the heart of a man.
23Rather Than Spread Your Name Widely
顧東橋先生曰:「廣交以延譽,不若索居以自全。」
Master Gu Dongqiao said, "To make friends widely and spread your name is not so good as to live alone and keep yourself whole."
24To One Who Cannot Take a Word
文清公曰:「不能受言者,不可妄與一言,此是善交一法也。」
Lord Wenqing said, "To one who cannot take a word, do not carelessly give even a single word. This is one rule for keeping friends well."