Yetgeul › Samguk Sagi (History of the Three Kingdoms) › Annals of Silla

King Gyeongae景哀王

Samguk Sagi (History of the Three Kingdoms) 三國史記 · Kim Busik and others · 1145 (Goryeo, 23rd year of King Injong) · 5 passages · 502 Chinese characters · reading time 2.0 min

Samguk Sagi (History of the Three Kingdoms) Annals of Silla The oldest surviving history of Korea. It is made up of the annals of Silla, Goguryeo and Baekje, together with the treatises, the tables and the biographies. Kim Busik set his own judgments here and there in passages marked as his comment, so what the compiler doubted and what he rebuked stands there still.

1King Gyeongae ascends the throne

景哀王立,諱魏膺,景明王同母弟也。

King Gyeongae ascended the throne. His name was Wiung (魏膺), and he was the younger brother of King Gyeongmyeong by the same mother.

2First year — sacrifice is made at the Singung

元年,九月,遣使聘於太祖。冬十月,親祀神宮,大赦。

In the first year, in the ninth month, an envoy was sent to greet Taejo. In winter, the tenth month, the king sacrificed in person at the Singung, and there was a great amnesty.

3The second year — Gyeon Hwon sends Jinho as a hostage

二年,冬十月,高鬱府將軍能文,投於太祖。勞諭還之,以其城迫近新羅王都故也。十一月,後百濟主甄萱,以姪眞虎,質於高麗。王聞之,使謂太祖曰:「甄萱反覆多詐,不可和親。」太祖然之。

In the second year, in winter, the tenth month, Neungmun, general of Goul prefecture, went over to Taejo. Taejo comforted him, admonished him and sent him back, because that fortress lay hard by the royal capital of Silla.

In the eleventh month Gyeon Hwon, lord of Later Baekje, sent his nephew Jinho to Goryeo as a hostage. When the king heard of it he had a man say to Taejo. "Gyeon Hwon turns this way and that and is full of deceit. There can be no peace and friendship with him." Taejo held his words to be right.

4The third year — Jinho dies suddenly

三年,夏四月,眞虎暴死。萱謂高麗人故殺,怒擧兵,進軍於熊津。太祖命諸城,堅壁不出。王遣使曰:「甄萱違盟擧兵,天必不祐。若大王奮一鼓之威,甄萱必自破矣。」太祖謂使者曰:「吾非畏萱,俟惡盈而自僵耳。」

In the third year, in summer, the fourth month, Jinho died suddenly. Hwon said that the men of Goryeo had killed him on purpose, and in anger he raised troops and pushed his army on to Ungjin. Taejo ordered his many fortresses to hold their walls fast and not to come out.

The king sent an envoy, saying. "Gyeon Hwon has broken the oath and raised troops. Heaven will surely not help him. If Your Majesty should rouse the might of a single beating of the drum, Gyeon Hwon will surely break of himself." Taejo said to the messenger. "It is not that I fear Hwon. I am only waiting for his evil to fill up and for him to fall of himself."

5The fourth year — he plays at Poseokjeong and is killed by Gyeon Hwon

四年,春正月,太祖親征百濟。王出兵助之。二月,遣兵部侍郞張芬等,入後唐朝貢。唐授張芬檢校工部尙書;副使兵部郞中朴術洪,兼御史中丞;判官倉部員外郞李忠式,兼侍御史。三月,皇龍寺塔搖動北傾。太祖親破近品城。唐明宗以權知康州事王逢規爲懷化大將軍。夏四月,知康州事王逢規,遣使林彦,入後唐朝貢。明宗召對中興殿,賜物。康州所管突山等四鄕,歸於太祖。秋九月,甄萱侵我軍於高鬱府。王請救於太祖,命將出勁兵一萬往救。甄萱以救兵未至,以冬十一月,掩入王京。王與妃嬪宗戚,遊鮑石亭宴娛,不覺賊兵至,倉猝不知所爲。王與妃奔入後宮。宗戚及公卿大夫士女,四散奔走逃竄。其爲賊所虜者,無貴賤皆駭汗匍匐,乞爲奴僕而不免。萱又縱其兵,剽掠公私財物略盡,入處宮闕,乃命左右索王。王與妃妾數人在後宮,拘致軍中。逼令王自盡,强淫王妃,縱其下,亂其妃妾。乃立王之族弟,權知國事,是爲敬順王。

In the fourth year, in spring, the first month, Taejo went in person against Baekje, and the king sent out troops to help him.

In the second month Jang Bun, sirang of the Byeongbu, and others were sent to enter the Later Tang and bring tribute. Tang gave Jang Bun the office of acting minister of works; the deputy envoy Bak Sulhong, nangjung of the Byeongbu, was made also vice censor in chief; and the judge Yi Chungsik, wonoerang of the Changbu, was made also attending censor.

In the third month the pagoda of Hwangnyongsa shook and leaned to the north. Taejo in person broke Geunpum fortress. Mingzong of Tang made Wang Bonggyu, acting administrator of Gangju, Great General Hoehwa.

In summer, the fourth month, Wang Bonggyu, administrator of Gangju, sent his envoy Im Eon to enter the Later Tang and bring tribute, and Mingzong called him to an audience in the Zhongxing Hall and gave him gifts. The four districts of Dolsan and the rest, which Gangju had under it, went over to Taejo.

In autumn, the ninth month, Gyeon Hwon fell upon the Silla army at Goul prefecture. The king asked Taejo for help, and he ordered his generals to send out ten thousand strong soldiers and go to the rescue.

Because the relieving troops had not yet come, Gyeon Hwon, in winter, the eleventh month, came stealing into the royal capital. The king, together with his queen and his consorts and his kinsmen, was out at Poseokjeong, feasting and taking his pleasure, and did not know that the brigand soldiers had come, and in the suddenness of it he did not know what to do. The king fled with his queen into the rear palace, while the kinsmen and the high ministers and the great officers, men and women, scattered on all sides and ran and hid. Those who were taken by the brigands, high and low alike, were all struck with terror, and sweated and crawled, and begged to be made slaves, but they did not escape.

Hwon also let his soldiers loose and plundered the goods of the state and of private men until nearly all were gone, and he went into the palace and lodged there, and then ordered those about him to look for the king. The king was in the rear palace with his queen and a few concubines, and they were seized and brought into the camp. They pressed the king until he took his own life, and they forced the queen and outraged her, and they let their underlings loose to do violence to his consorts and concubines. Then they set up a cousin of the king to hold the affairs of the state for the time, and this was King Gyeongsun.