First Guide to the Northern Mountains北山經之首
北山經之首，曰單狐之山，多机木，其上多華草。漨水出焉，而西流注于泑水，其中多茈石文石。
The first mountain in the First Guide to the Northern Mountains is Mount Danhu. There are many ji trees, and on its heights there are many flowering plants. The Feng River rises here and flows west into the You. In its waters there is much zi stone and much patterned stone.
又北二百五十里，曰求如之山，其上多銅，其下多玉，無草木。滑水出焉，而西流注于諸毗之水。其中多滑魚。其狀如鱓，赤背，其音如梧，食之已疣。其中多水馬，其狀如馬，文臂牛尾，其音如呼。
Two hundred and fifty li further north is Mount Qiuru. On its heights there is much copper, and below there is much jade. There are no plants or trees. The Hua River rises here and flows west into the water of Zhupi. In its waters there are many hua fish, which look like the shan eel with a red back. Their voice is like a paulownia being struck, and eating them cures warts. In its waters there are many water horses, which look like a horse with patterned forelegs and the tail of an ox. Their voice is like a man calling.
又北三百里，曰帶山，其上多玉，其下多青碧。有獸焉，其狀如馬，一角有錯，其名曰䑏疏，可以辟火。有鳥焉，其狀如烏，五采而赤文，名曰鵸䳜，是自爲牝牡，食之不疽。彭水出焉，而西流注于芘湖之水，其中多儵魚，其狀如鶏而赤毛，三尾六足四首，其音如鵲，食之可以已憂。
Three hundred li further north is Mount Dai. On its heights there is much jade, and below there is much qingbi. There is a beast here shaped like a horse, with one horn marked with lines. It is named the huanshu, and it can keep off fire. There is a bird here shaped like a crow, in five colors with red markings. It is named the qiyu, and it is male and female of itself. Eat it and no boils will rise. The Peng River rises here and flows west into the water of Bihu. In its waters there are many shu fish, which look like a chicken with red feathers, with three tails, six feet and four heads. Their voice is like a magpie's, and eating them can take away sorrow.
又北四百里，曰譙明之山。譙水出焉，西流注于河。其中多何羅之魚，一首而十身，其音如吠犬，食之已癰。有獸焉，其狀如貆而赤豪，其音如榴榴，名曰孟槐，可以禦凶。是山也，無草木，多青雄黃。
Four hundred li further north is Mount Qiaoming. The Qiao River rises here and flows west into the Yellow River. In its waters there are many heluo fish, with one head and ten bodies. Their voice is like a barking dog, and eating them cures boils. There is a beast here shaped like a badger with red bristles. Its voice is like liuliu, and it is named the menghuai. It can ward off evil. On this mountain there are no plants or trees, and there is much green realgar.
又北三百五十里，曰涿光之山。嚻水出焉，而西流注于河。其中多鰼鰼之魚，其狀如鵲而十翼，鱗皆在羽端，其音如鵲，可以禦火，食之不癉。其上多松柏，其下多椶枏，其獸多麢羊，其鳥多蕃。
Three hundred and fifty li further north is Mount Zhuoguang. The Xiao River rises here and flows west into the Yellow River. In its waters there are many xixi fish, which look like a magpie with ten wings. Their scales are all at the tips of their feathers, and their voice is like a magpie's. They can ward off fire, and eating them keeps jaundice away. On its heights there are many pines and cypresses, and below there are many palm and nanmu trees. Its beasts are mostly the ling antelope, and its birds are mostly the fan.
又北三百八十里，曰虢山，其上多漆，其下多桐椐。其陽多玉，其陰多鐵。伊水出焉，西流注于河。其獸多橐駝，其鳥多寓，狀如鼠而鳥翼，其音如羊，可以禦兵。
Three hundred and eighty li further north is Mount Guo. On its heights there are many lacquer trees, and below there are many paulownia and ju trees. On its sunny side there is much jade, and on its shaded side much iron. The Yi River rises here and flows west into the Yellow River. Its beasts are mostly camels, and its birds are mostly the yu, shaped like a rat with a bird's wings. Its voice is like a sheep's, and it can ward off weapons.
又北四百里，至于虢山之尾，其上多玉而無石。魚水出焉，西流注于河，其中多文貝。
Four hundred li further north one comes to the tail of Mount Guo. On its heights there is much jade and no stone. The Yu River rises here and flows west into the Yellow River. In its waters there are many patterned cowries.
又北二百里，曰丹熏之山，其上多樗柏，其草多韭䪥，多丹雘。熏水出焉，而西流注于棠水。有獸焉，其狀如鼠，而菟首麋身，其音如獆犬，以其尾飛，名曰耳鼠，食之不䐆，又可以禦百毒。
Two hundred li further north is Mount Danxun. On its heights there are many ailanthus and cypress, its plants are mostly chives and xie, and there is much danhuo. The Xun River rises here and flows west into the Tang. There is a beast here shaped like a rat, with the head of a hare and the body of an elk. Its voice is like a howling dog, and it flies with its tail. It is named the ershu. Eat it and the belly does not swell, and it can also ward off the hundred poisons.
又北二百八十里，曰石者之山，其上無草木，多瑤碧。泚水出焉，西流注于河。有獸焉，其狀如豹，而文題白身，名曰孟極，是善伏，其鳴自呼。
Two hundred and eighty li further north is Mount Shizhe. On its heights there are no plants or trees, and there is much yao and bi. The Ci River rises here and flows west into the Yellow River. There is a beast here shaped like a leopard, with markings on its brow and a white body. It is named the mengji, and it is good at lying hidden. Its cry is its own name.
又北百一十里，曰邊春之山，多蔥、葵、韭、桃、李。杠水出焉，而西流注于泑澤。有獸焉，其狀如禺而文身，善笑，見人則臥，名曰幽鴳，其鳴自呼。
A hundred and ten li further north is Mount Bianchun. There are many scallions, mallows, chives, peaches and plums. The Gang River rises here and flows west into the You Marsh. There is a beast here shaped like a yu monkey with a patterned body. It laughs readily, and when it sees a man it lies down. It is named the youyan, and its cry is its own name.
又北二百里，曰蔓聯之山，其上無草木，有獸焉，其狀如禺而有鬛，牛尾、文臂、馬蹏，見人則呼，名曰足訾，其鳴自呼。有鳥焉，群居而朋飛，其毛如雌雉，名曰鵁，其鳴自呼，食之已風。
Two hundred li further north is Mount Manlian. On its heights there are no plants or trees. There is a beast here shaped like a yu monkey but with a mane, the tail of an ox, patterned forelegs and the hooves of a horse. When it sees a man it calls out, and it is named the zuzi. Its cry is its own name. There is a bird here that lives in flocks and flies in companies. Its feathers are like a hen pheasant's, and it is named the jiao. Its cry is its own name, and eating it cures the wind sickness.
又北百八十里，曰單張之山，其上無草木。有獸焉，其狀如豹而長尾，人首而牛耳，一目，名曰諸犍，善吒，行則銜其尾。居則蟠其尾。有鳥焉，其狀如雉，而文首、白翼、黃足，名曰白鵺，食之已嗌痛，可以已痸。櫟水出焉，在而南流注于杠水。
A hundred and eighty li further north is Mount Danzhang. On its heights there are no plants or trees. There is a beast here shaped like a leopard with a long tail, a human head, the ears of an ox and one eye. It is named the zhujian, and it is given to roaring. When it walks it holds its tail in its mouth, and when it sits it coils its tail. There is a bird here shaped like a pheasant, with a patterned head, white wings and yellow feet. It is named the baiye. Eat it and a sore throat is cured, and it can cure the convulsions of a small child. The Li River rises here and flows south into the Gang.
又北三百二十里，曰灌題之山，其上多樗柘，其下多流沙，多砥。有獸焉，其狀如牛而白尾，其音如訆，名曰那父。有鳥焉，其狀如雌雉而人面，見人則躍，名曰竦斯，其鳴自呼也。匠韓之水出焉，而西流注于泑澤，其中多磁石。
Three hundred and twenty li further north is Mount Guanti. On its heights there are many ailanthus and zhe trees, and below there is much drifting sand and there are many whetstones. There is a beast here shaped like an ox with a white tail. Its voice is like a shout, and it is named the nafu. There is a bird here shaped like a hen pheasant but with a human face. When it sees a man it leaps, and it is named the songsi. Its cry is its own name. The water of Jianghan rises here and flows west into the You Marsh. In its waters there are many lodestones.
又北二百里，曰潘侯之山，其上多松柏，其下多榛楛，其陽多玉，其陰多鐵。有獸焉，其狀如牛，而四節生毛，或曰旄牛。邊水出焉，而南流注于櫟澤。
Two hundred li further north is Mount Panhou. On its heights there are many pines and cypresses, and below there are many hazel and hu trees. On its sunny side there is much jade, and on its shaded side much iron. There is a beast here shaped like an ox, with hair growing on its four joints. Some call it the yak. The Bian River rises here and flows south into the Li Marsh.
又北二百三十里，曰小咸之山，無草木，冬夏有雪。
Two hundred and thirty li further north is Mount Xiaoxian. It has no plants or trees, and there is snow in winter and in summer.
北二百八十里，曰大咸之山，無草木，其下多玉。是山也，四方，不可以上。有蛇名曰長蛇，其毛如彘豪，其音如鼓柝。
Two hundred and eighty li to the north is Mount Daxian. It has no plants or trees, and below there is much jade. This mountain is four-square and cannot be climbed. There is a snake named the long snake. Its hair is like a pig's bristles, and its voice is like the beating of a watchman's clapper.
又北三百二十里，曰敦薨之山，其上多椶枏，其下多茈草。敦薨之水出焉，而西流注于泑澤。出于昆侖之東北隅，實惟河原。其中多赤鮭，其獸多兕，旄牛，其鳥多鳲鳩。
Three hundred and twenty li further north is Mount Dunhong. On its heights there are many palm and nanmu trees, and below there is much zicao. The water of Dunhong rises here and flows west into the You Marsh. This water comes out at the northeast corner of the Kunlun, and it is truly the source of the Yellow River. In its waters there are many red salmon. Its beasts are mostly the si ox and the yak, and its birds are mostly cuckoos.
又北二百里，曰少咸之山，無草木，多青碧。有獸焉，其狀如牛，而赤身、人面、馬足，名曰窫窳，其音如嬰兒，是食人。敦水出焉，東流注于鴈門之水，其中多䰽䰽之魚。食之殺人。
Two hundred li further north is Mount Shaoxian. It has no plants or trees, and there is much qingbi. There is a beast here shaped like an ox, with a red body, a human face and the feet of a horse. It is named the yayu. Its voice is like a baby's, and it eats people. The Dun River rises here and flows east into the water of Yanmen. In its waters there are many paipai fish, and eating them kills a man.
又北二百里，曰嶽法之山。瀤澤之水出焉，而東北流注于泰澤。其中多抄魚，其狀如鯉而雞足，食之已疣。有獸焉，其狀如犬而人面，善投，見人則笑，其名山𤟤，其行如風，見則天下大風。
Two hundred li further north is Mount Yuefa. The water of Huaize rises here and flows northeast into the Tai Marsh. In its waters there are many chao fish, which look like a carp with a chicken's feet. Eating them cures warts. There is a beast here shaped like a dog but with a human face. It is good at throwing, and when it sees a man it laughs. Its name is the shanhui, and it runs like the wind. When it appears, there is a great wind under heaven.
又北二百里，曰北嶽之山，多枳棘剛木。有獸焉，其狀如牛，而四角、人目、彘耳，其名曰諸懷，其音如鳴鴈，是食人。諸懷之水出焉，而西流注于嚻水，其中多鮨魚，魚身而犬首，其音如嬰兒，食之已狂。
Two hundred li further north is Mount Beiyue. There are many thorn trees and brambles and hard woods. There is a beast here shaped like an ox, with four horns, human eyes and the ears of a pig. Its name is the zhuhuai, and its voice is like a wild goose crying. It eats people. The water of Zhuhuai rises here and flows west into the Xiao. In its waters there are many qi fish, with the body of a fish and the head of a dog. Their voice is like a baby's, and eating them cures madness.
又北百八十里，曰渾夕之山，無草木，多銅玉。嚻水出焉，而西北流注于海。有蛇一首兩身，名曰肥遺，見則其國大旱。
A hundred and eighty li further north is Mount Hunxi. It has no plants or trees, and there is much copper and jade. The Xiao River rises here and flows northwest into the sea. There is a snake with one head and two bodies. It is named the feiyi, and when it appears that country has a great drought.
又北五十里，曰北單之山，無草木，多蔥韭。
Fifty li further north is Mount Beidan. It has no plants or trees, and there are many scallions and chives.
又北百里，曰羆差之山，無草木，多馬。
A hundred li further north is Mount Picha. It has no plants or trees, and there are many horses.
又北百八十里，曰北鮮之山，是多馬。鮮水出焉，而西北流注于涂吾之水。
A hundred and eighty li further north is Mount Beixian. There are many horses here. The Xian River rises here and flows northwest into the water of Tuwu.
又北百七十里，曰隄山，多馬。有獸焉，其狀如豹而文首，名曰狕。隄水出焉，而東流注于泰澤，其中多龍龜。
A hundred and seventy li further north is Mount Di. There are many horses. There is a beast here shaped like a leopard with a patterned head. It is named the yao. The Di River rises here and flows east into the Tai Marsh. In its waters there are many dragon turtles.
凡北山經之首，自單狐之山至于隄山，凡二十五山，五千四百九十里，其神皆人面蛇身。其祠之，毛用一雄雞彘瘞，吉玉用一珪，瘞而為不糈。其山北人，皆生食不火之物。
In all, the first section of the First Guide to the Northern Mountains runs from Mount Danhu to Mount Di, twenty-five mountains in all, five thousand four hundred and ninety li. The gods there all have a human face and the body of a snake. When sacrifice is made to them, one cock and one pig whole in coat are buried, and for the auspicious jade one gui tablet is used. They are buried, and no offering rice is used. The people north of those mountains all eat their food raw, not cooked with fire.