Joseon 1 — Wiman Makes His Capital at Wanggeom朝鮮列傳 一
1Wiman — He Ties Up His Hair, Puts On Barbarian Dress, and Crosses the Paesu
朝鮮王滿者，故燕人也。自始全燕時嘗略屬真番、朝鮮，為置吏，筑鄣塞。秦滅燕，屬遼東外徼。漢興，為其遠難守，復修遼東故塞，至浿水為界，屬燕。燕王盧綰反，入匈奴，滿亡命，聚黨千餘人，魋結蠻夷服而東走出塞，渡浿水，居秦故空地上下鄣，稍役屬真番、朝鮮蠻夷及故燕、齊亡命者王之，都王險。
Wiman (滿), the king of Joseon, was a man of the old state of Yan. From the time when Yan was whole and strong, it had raided Jinbeon (眞番) and Joseon and made them subject, set officials over them, and built forts and border walls. When Qin destroyed Yan, these lands were made subject to the outer frontier of Liaodong. When Han arose, it judged them too far off to hold, so it repaired the old border walls of Liaodong, made the Paesu (浿水) the boundary, and put them under Yan.
Lu Wan (盧綰), the king of Yan, rebelled and went over to the Xiongnu. Wiman fled, gathered a band of more than a thousand men, tied his hair in a topknot, put on barbarian dress, and ran east out of the frontier. He crossed the Paesu and settled in the empty land left by Qin, at the upper and lower forts. Little by little he took the barbarians of Jinbeon and Joseon into his service, and the exiles from the old states of Yan and Qi with them, and he became their king and made his capital at Wanggeom (王險).
2He Becomes an Outer Vassal, and His Land Grows to Several Thousand li Square
會孝惠、高后時天下初定，遼東太守即約滿為外臣，保塞外蠻夷，無使盜邊；諸蠻夷君長欲入見天子，勿得禁止。以聞，上許之，以故滿得兵威財物侵降其旁小邑，真番、臨屯皆來服屬，方數千里。
It happened in the time of Emperor Xiaohui and the Empress Dowager Gao that the empire had only just been settled. The Grand Administrator of Liaodong therefore made a compact with Wiman and took him as an outer vassal. He was to guard the barbarians beyond the frontier and keep them from raiding the border, and when the chiefs of the various barbarians wished to come in and be received by the Son of Heaven, he was not to stop them. This was reported to the throne, and the emperor allowed it.
By this Wiman gained the might of arms and goods and wealth. He fell upon the small towns around him and brought them to submit, and Jinbeon and Imdun (臨屯) all came and gave their obedience, so that his land was several thousand li square.
3She He Stabs the Subordinate King Who Saw Him Off, and Is Given Office
傳子至孫右渠，所誘漢亡人滋多，又未嘗入見；真番旁眾國欲上書見天子，又擁閼不通。元封二年，漢使涉何譙諭右渠，終不肯奉詔。何去至界上，臨浿水，使御刺殺送何者朝鮮裨王長，即渡，馳入塞，遂歸報天子曰「殺朝鮮將」。上為其名美，即不詰，拜何為遼東東部都尉。朝鮮怨何，發兵襲攻殺何。
The rule passed to his son and came down to his grandson Ugeo (右渠). The Han fugitives he drew in grew ever more numerous, and he had never once come in to be received. When the many states around Jinbeon wished to send up letters and be received by the Son of Heaven, he blocked the way and would not let them through.
In the second year of Yuanfeng, Han sent the envoy She He (涉何) to reprove Ugeo and bring him to reason, but in the end he would not receive the edict. She He left and came to the boundary. When he reached the Paesu, he had his driver stab and kill Jang (長), a subordinate king of Joseon who was seeing him off. Then he crossed the water at once, galloped into the frontier, and went back and reported to the Son of Heaven, "I have killed a general of Joseon."
The emperor thought the name of this deed a fine one, and he did not question it. He appointed She He Commandant of the Eastern Division of Liaodong. Joseon bore She He a grudge, sent out troops, fell upon him, and killed him.