Admonitions and Warnings世説新語 規箴第十

漢書曰：「朔字曼倩，平原厭次人。」朔別傳曰：「朔，南陽步廣里人。」列仙傳云：「朔是楚人。武帝時上書說便宜，拜郎中。宣帝初，棄官而去，共謂歲星也。」

The Han shu says, "Shuo's courtesy name was Manqian; he was a man of Yanci in Pingyuan." The Shuo biezhuan says, "Shuo was a man of Buguang Ward in Nanyang." The Liexian zhuan says, "Shuo was a man of Chu. In the time of Emperor Wu he sent up a letter speaking of measures of advantage, and he was appointed Gentleman of the Palace. At the beginning of Emperor Xuan's reign he left his office and went away, and all said he was the Year Star."

史記滑稽傳曰：「漢武帝少時，東武侯母嘗養帝，後號大乳母。其子孫從奴，橫暴長安中，當道奪人衣物。有司請徙乳母於邊，奏可。乳母入辭。帝所幸倡郭舍人發言陳辭，雖不合大道，然令人主和說。乳母乃先見，為下泣。舍人曰：『即入辭，勿去，數還顧。』乳母如其言。舍人疾言罵之曰：『咄！老女子，何不疾行，陛下已壯矣，寧尚須乳母活邪？尚何還顧邪？』於是人主憐之。詔止毋徙，罰請者。」

The Huaji zhuan of the Shiji says, "When Emperor Wu of Han was young, the mother of the Marquis of Dongwu once reared him, and afterward she was called the Great Wet Nurse. Her sons and grandsons and the slaves who followed them were violent in Chang'an, blocking the road and seizing people's clothes and goods. The officer in charge asked that the nurse be moved to the frontier, and the request was approved. The nurse came in to take her leave. Guo Sheren, the jester the emperor favored, spoke out and laid out his words, and though they did not accord with the great way, they made the sovereign mild and pleased. So the nurse saw him first and wept below. Sheren said, 'When you go in to take leave, do not go at once; look back again and again.' The nurse did as he said. Sheren spoke quickly and scolded her. 'Bah! Old woman, why do you not go quickly? His Majesty is grown now. Must he still wait on a nurse to live? What is there still to look back at?' At this the sovereign pitied her. He decreed that the removal be stopped, and punished the one who had asked for it."

漢書曰：「京房字君明，東郡頓丘人。尤好鍾律，知音聲，以孝廉為郎。是時中書令石顯專權，及友人五鹿充宗為尚書令，與房同經，論議相是非，而此二人用事。房嘗宴見，問上曰：『幽、厲之君何以亡？所任何人？』上曰：『君亦不明，而臣巧佞。』房曰：『知其巧佞而任之邪？將以為賢邪？』上曰：『賢之。』房曰：『然則今何以知其不賢？』上曰：『以其時亂而君危知之。』房曰：『是任賢而理，任不肖而亂，自然之道也。幽、厲何不覺悟而蚤納賢？何為卒任不肖以至亡？』於是上曰：『亂亡之君，各賢其臣。令皆覺悟，安得亂亡之君？』房曰：『齊桓、二世何不以幽、厲疑之，而任豎刁、趙高，政治日亂邪？』上曰：『唯有道者能以往知來耳。』房曰：『自陛下即位，盜賊不禁，刑人滿市』云云，問上曰：『今治也？亂也？』上曰：『然愈於彼。』房曰：『前二君皆然。臣恐後之視今，猶今之視前也。』上曰：『今為亂者誰？』房曰：『上所親與圖事帷幄中者。』房指謂石顯及充宗。顯等乃建言，宜試房以郡守，遂以房為東郡。顯發其私事，坐棄市。」

The Han shu says, "Jing Fang's courtesy name was Junming; he was a man of Dunqiu in Dong commandery. He was especially fond of the pitch pipes and knew music, and he was made a Gentleman through the Filial and Incorrupt recommendation. At that time the Director of the Secretariat, Shi Xian, held sole power, and his friend Wulu Chongzong was Director of the Department of State Affairs. Chongzong studied the same classic as Jing Fang, and in debate they held each other right or wrong; and these two men were in charge of affairs. Jing Fang was once received at a banquet, and he asked the emperor, 'How did King You and King Li come to ruin, and what sort of men did they employ?' The emperor said, 'The rulers too were unenlightened, and the ministers were crafty and fawning.' Jing Fang said, 'Did they know them to be crafty and fawning and employ them? Or did they take them for worthy?' The emperor said, 'They took them for worthy.' Jing Fang said, 'Then how do we know now that they were not worthy?' The emperor said, 'We know it because the age was in disorder and the ruler in danger.' Jing Fang said, 'Then to employ the worthy and be well governed, and to employ the unworthy and fall into disorder, is the way of nature. Why did You and Li not awaken to it and take in worthy men early? Why did they employ the unworthy to the end and come to ruin?' At this the emperor said, 'Rulers who fall into disorder and ruin each think their own ministers worthy. If all of them awakened, how could there be rulers who fall into disorder and ruin?' Jing Fang said, 'Why did Duke Huan of Qi and the Second Emperor of Qin not take warning from You and Li, instead of employing Shu Diao and Zhao Gao, so that their government grew more disordered by the day?' The emperor said, 'Only a man who has the Way can know what is to come from what has gone.' Jing Fang said, 'Since Your Majesty came to the throne, robbers and bandits have not been checked, and men under punishment fill the marketplace,' and so on; and he asked the emperor, 'Is it order now, or disorder?' The emperor said, 'Still, it is better than in their day.' Jing Fang said, 'The two former rulers said the same. Your servant fears that later ages will look on today as today looks on what went before.' The emperor said, 'Who is it that makes disorder now?' Jing Fang said, 'The men Your Majesty keeps close and plans affairs with behind the curtains.' By this Jing Fang meant Shi Xian and Chongzong. Shi Xian and the rest then proposed that Jing Fang be tried out as a commandery Governor, and so Jing Fang was made Governor of Dong commandery. Shi Xian brought out his private dealings, and he was condemned and put to death in the marketplace."

論語曰：「宰我問：『三年之喪，期已久矣。』子曰：『食夫稻，衣夫錦，於汝安乎？夫君子居喪，食旨不甘，聞樂不樂，居處不安，故不為也！今汝安，則為之。』」

The Lunyu says, "Zai Wo asked, 'Three years of mourning is already a long term.' The Master said, 'To eat that rice and wear that brocade, is it easy for you? When a gentleman is in mourning, fine food is not sweet to him, music does not please him, and his dwelling is not comfortable; and so he does not do these things. If you are at ease now, then do them.'"

所，一作許。

For the word suo, one text has xu.

環濟吳紀曰：「休字子烈，吳大帝第六子。初封琅邪王，夢乘龍上天，顧不見尾。孫琳廢少主，迎休立之。銳意典籍，欲畢覽百家之事。頗好射雉，至春，晨出莫反，唯此時舍書。崩，謚景皇帝。」條列吳事曰：「休在位烝烝無有遺事，唯射雉可譏。」

Huan Ji's Wu ji says, "Xiu's courtesy name was Zilie; he was the sixth son of the Great Emperor of Wu. At first he was enfeoffed King of Langye. He dreamed that he rode a dragon up to Heaven, and when he looked back he could not see its tail. Sun Chen deposed the young ruler and welcomed Xiu and set him up. He turned his mind keenly to the books and wished to see through the affairs of all the schools. He was rather fond of shooting pheasants, and when spring came he went out at dawn and returned at dusk; only at such times did he put down his books. When he died his posthumous title was Emperor Jing." The Tiaolie Wu shi says, "While Xiu was on the throne all rose and flourished and no affair was left undone; only his shooting of pheasants can be found fault with."

吳錄曰：「凱字敬風，吳人，丞相遜族子。忠鯁有大節，篤志好學。初為建忠校尉，雖有軍事，手不釋卷。累遷左丞相。時後主暴虐，凱正直彊諫，以其宗族彊盛，不敢加誅也。」

The Wu lu says, "Kai's courtesy name was Jingfeng; he was a man of Wu, a nephew of the same clan as the chancellor Lu Xun. He was loyal and blunt and had great firmness of principle, and he was earnest in purpose and fond of learning. At first he was Colonel Establishing Loyalty, and though he had military duties, he never let a book out of his hand. Through a series of posts he came to be Chancellor of the Left. At that time the later ruler was cruel and harsh, and Kai remonstrated with him strongly and straightly; but because his clan was strong and flourishing, the ruler did not dare to put him to death."

輅別傳曰：「輅字公明，平原人也。明周易，聲發徐州。冀州刺史裴徽舉秀才，謂曰：『何、鄧二尚書有經國才略，於物理無不精也。何尚書神明清徹，殆破秋豪，君當慎之。自言不解易中九事，必當相問。比至洛，宜善精其理。』輅曰：『若九事皆至義，不足勞思。若陰陽者，精之久矣。』輅至洛陽，果為何尚書問，九事皆明。何曰：『君論陰陽，此世無雙也。』時鄧尚書在曰：『此君善易，而語初不論易中辭義，何邪？』輅答曰：『夫善易者，不論易也。』何尚書含笑贊之曰：『可謂要言不煩也。』因謂輅曰：『聞君非徒善論易，至於分蓍思爻，亦為神妙，試為作一卦，知位當至三公不？又頃夢青蠅數十來鼻頭上，驅之不去，有何意故？』輅曰：『鴟鴞，天下賤鳥也。及其在林食桑椹，則懷我好音。況輅心過草木，注情葵藿，敢不盡忠？唯察之爾。昔元、凱之相重華，宣慈惠和，仁義之至也。周公之翼成王，坐以待旦，敬慎之至也。故能流光六合，萬國咸寧，然後據鼎足而登金鉉，調陰陽而濟兆民，此履道之休應，非卜筮之所明也。今君侯位重山岳，勢若雷霆，望雲赴景，萬里馳風。而懷德者少，畏威者眾，殆非小心翼翼，多福之士。又鼻者，艮也，此天中之山，高而不危，所以長守貴也。今青蠅臭惡之物，而集之焉。位峻者顛，輕豪者亡，必至之分也。夫變化雖相生，極則有害。虛滿雖相受，溢則有竭。聖人見陰陽之性，明存亡之理，損益以為衰，抑進以為退。是故山在地中曰謙，雷在天上曰大壯。謙則裒多益寡，大壯則非禮不履。伏願君侯上尋文王六爻之旨，下思尼父彖象之義，則三公可決，青蠅可驅。』鄧曰：『此老生之常談。』輅曰：『夫老生者，見不生。常談者，見不談也。』」

The Lu biezhuan says, "Lu's courtesy name was Gongming; he was a man of Pingyuan. He was versed in the Zhou yi, and his fame spread to Xuzhou. Pei Hui, Inspector of Jizhou, recommended him as a Cultivated Talent and said to him, 'The two Masters of Writing, He and Deng, have the talent and the strategy to govern a state, and there is nothing in the principles of things they are not exact in. Master He is clear and penetrating in spirit and understanding, and he all but splits an autumn hair; you must be careful with him. He says himself that he cannot unravel nine matters in the Yi, and he will surely ask you about them. Before you reach Luo, you had best make their principles fine.' Lu said, 'If the nine matters are all of the highest meaning, they are not worth the labor of thought. As for the yin and the yang, I have made them fine for a long while.' When Lu reached Luoyang, Master He did indeed question him, and he was clear on all nine matters. He said, 'Your discussion of yin and yang is without a match in this age.' Master Deng was there at the time and said, 'This gentleman is skilled in the Yi, yet in his talk he has not once discussed the words and the meanings in the Yi. How is that?' Lu answered, 'One who is skilled in the Yi does not discuss the Yi.' Master He smiled and praised him. 'It may be said that essential words are not many.' Then he said to Lu, 'I hear that you are not only skilled in discussing the Yi, but that in dividing the yarrow stalks and pondering the lines you are marvelous as well. Try casting one hexagram for me, and know whether my rank will reach the Three Dukes or not. And lately I have dreamed that several tens of blue flies come onto the tip of my nose, and I drive them away but they do not go. What does this mean?' Lu said, 'The owl is the meanest bird under Heaven. Yet when it is in the grove and eats the mulberries, it holds a good note for us. How much more should I, whose heart is above the grass and the trees and who pours out his feeling to the sunflower and the bean leaf, dare not give my full loyalty? Only look into it. Of old, the Eight Yuan and the Eight Kai assisted Shun. They were generous and kind, gracious and harmonious, and this was the height of benevolence and right. The Duke of Zhou supported King Cheng and sat waiting for the dawn, and this was the height of reverence and care. Therefore they could spread their light through the six directions, and the ten thousand states were all at peace; and only then did they hold the tripod's foot and mount to the golden handles, ordering yin and yang and saving the multitude of the people. This is the fair response to treading the Way, and it is not what divination makes clear. Now your lordship's place is heavy as the mountains, and your power is like thunder and lightning; men gaze at the clouds and run to your shadow, and race like the wind for ten thousand li. Yet those who hold your virtue in their hearts are few, and those who fear your might are many. You are surely not a man careful and reverent and rich in blessing. Again, the nose is the trigram gen; it is the mountain at the middle of Heaven, high and yet not in peril, and that is how one long keeps his honor. Now the blue fly is a foul and evil thing, and it gathers there. He whose place is steep topples, and he who is light and overbearing perishes; this is the portion that surely comes. Change and transformation give birth to each other, yet at the extreme there is harm. Emptiness and fullness receive each other, yet when they overflow there is exhaustion. The sage sees the nature of yin and yang and makes clear the principle of survival and ruin. He takes decrease and increase for decline, and holding back advance for retreat. And so the mountain within the earth is called qian, and thunder above Heaven is called dazhuang. Qian takes from what is much and adds to what is little, and dazhuang treads nothing that is not the rites. I humbly wish that your lordship would look above for the meaning of King Wen's six lines, and think below on the meaning of the Tuan and the Xiang of Confucius. Then the Three Dukes may be decided, and the blue flies may be driven off.' Deng said, 'This is the old scholar's usual talk.' Lu said, 'Now the old scholar is one who sees what is not born, and the usual talk is talk that sees what is not spoken.'"

名士傳曰：「是時曹爽輔政，識者慮有危機。晏有重名，與魏姻戚，內雖懷憂，而無復退也。著五言詩以言志曰：『鴻鵠比翼遊，群飛戲太清。常畏大網羅，憂禍一旦并。豈若集五湖，從流唼浮萍。承寧曠中懷，何為怵惕驚。』蓋因輅言，懼而賦詩。」

The Mingshi zhuan says, "At that time Cao Shuang was assisting in the government, and men of discernment feared that there was danger at hand. He Yan had a weighty name and was joined by marriage to the house of Wei; within he harbored anxiety, yet he did not withdraw. He wrote a poem in five-word lines to speak his mind. 'The great goose and the swan roam wing to wing, and flying in flocks they play in the great clear sky. Always they dread the great net, and fear that grief and disaster will come upon them all at once. How much better to gather at the Five Lakes and follow the stream, pecking at the floating duckweed. Rest content in a broad and easy heart. Why start up in fear and alarm?' It was because of Lu's words that he grew afraid and made the poem."

晉陽秋曰：「初，惠帝之為太子，咸謂不能親政事。衛瓘每欲陳啟廢之而未敢也。後因會醉，遂跪床前曰：『臣欲有所啟。』帝曰：『公所欲言者，何邪？』瓘欲言而復止者三，因以手撫床曰：『此坐可惜。』帝意乃悟，因謬曰：『公真大醉也。』帝後悉召東宮官屬大會，令左右齎尚書處事以示太子，令處決。太子不知所對。賈妃以問外人，代太子對，多引古詞義。給使張弘曰：『太子不學，陛下所知，宜以見事斷，不宜引書也。』妃從之。弘具草奏，令太子書呈，帝大說，以示瓘。於是賈充語妃曰：『衛瓘老奴，幾敗汝家。』妃由是怨瓘，後遂誅之。」

The Jin yangqiu says, "At first, when Emperor Hui was crown prince, all said that he would not be able to attend to the government himself. Wei Guan always wished to lay a memorial before the throne to have him deposed, but he did not dare. Later, taking advantage of the wine at a gathering, he knelt before the couch and said, 'Your servant has something to lay before you.' The emperor said, 'What is it you wish to say?' Guan made to speak and stopped again three times, and then he stroked the couch with his hand and said, 'It is a pity about this seat.' The emperor's mind then understood, and he said falsely, 'You are truly very drunk, sir.' Afterward the emperor summoned all the officers and attendants of the Eastern Palace to a great gathering, and had his attendants bring the business handled by the Department of State Affairs and show it to the crown prince, telling him to settle and decide it. The crown prince did not know what to answer. Consort Jia asked men outside and had them answer in the crown prince's place, and they brought in much of the wording and the meaning of the ancients. The attendant Zhang Hong said, 'That the crown prince is unlearned is known to Your Majesty. He should judge by the matter before him; he should not bring in books.' The consort followed this. Zhang Hong drew up a draft memorial and had the crown prince write it out and present it, and the emperor was greatly pleased and showed it to Guan. At this Jia Chong said to the consort, 'Wei Guan, the old slave, all but ruined your house.' From this the consort bore a grudge against Guan, and later she had him put to death."

晉諸公贊曰：「郭豫字太寧，太原人。仕至相國參軍，知名。早卒。」

The Jin zhugong zan says, "Guo Yu's courtesy name was Taining; he was a man of Taiyuan. He served up to Adjutant to the Chancellor of State, and he was known by name. He died young."

晉百官名曰：「陽字景祖，高尚人。武帝時為幽州刺史。」語林曰：「陽性遊俠，盛暑，一日詣數百家別，賓客與別，常填門，遂死於几下，故懼之。」

The Jin baiguan ming says, "Yang's courtesy name was Jingzu; he was a man of Gaoshang. In the time of Emperor Wu he was Inspector of Youzhou." The Yulin says, "Yang was a roving knight by nature. In the height of summer he would call at several hundred houses in one day to take his leave, and the guests parting from him always filled his gate. In the end he died under his armrest, and that is why she feared him."

漢書遊俠傳曰：「護字君卿，齊人。學經傳，甚得名譽。母死，送葬車三千兩。仕至天水太守。」

The Youxia zhuan of the Han shu says, "Hu's courtesy name was Junqing; he was a man of Qi. He studied the classics and their traditions and won much name and praise. When his mother died, three thousand carriages saw the funeral out. He served up to Governor of Tianshui."

晉陽秋曰：「夷甫善施舍，父時有假貸者，皆與焚券，未嘗謀貨利之事。」王隱晉書曰：「夷甫求富貴得富貴，資財山積，用不能消，安須問錢乎？而世以不問為高，不亦惑乎！」

The Jin yangqiu says, "Yifu was generous in giving and in letting go. Where there were loans made in his father's time, he gave them all back and burned the bonds, and he never once schemed after goods and profit." Wang Yin's Jin shu says, "Yifu sought wealth and honor and got wealth and honor. His property was heaped up like a mountain and he could not use it all. What need had he to ask about money? Yet the world holds it lofty that he did not ask. Is this not a delusion?"

永嘉流人名曰：「澄父乂，第三，娶樂安任氏女，生澄。」

The Yongjia liuren ming says, "Cheng's father Yi was the third son. He took to wife a daughter of the Ren family of Le'an, and she bore Cheng."

鄧粲晉紀曰：「上身服儉約，以先時務。性素好酒，將渡江，王導深以諫，帝乃令左右進觴，飲而覆之，自是遂不復飲。克己復禮，官修其方，而中興之業隆焉。」

Deng Can's Jin ji says, "The emperor himself wore thrift and restraint, and put the business of the time first. He was fond of wine by nature, and when he was about to cross the river Wang Dao remonstrated with him deeply. The emperor then had his attendants bring up a cup; he drank and turned it over, and from then on he never drank again. He mastered himself and returned to the rites, and his officers cultivated their duties, and the work of the restoration rose high."

鯤別傳曰：「鯤之諷切雅正，皆此類也。」

The Kun biezhuan says, "Kun's veiled reproofs and elegant correctings were all of this sort."

晉陽秋曰：「鯤為豫章太守，王敦將肆逆，以鯤有時望，逼與俱行。既克京邑，將旋武昌，鯤曰：『不就朝覲，鯤懼天下私議也。』敦曰：『君能保無變乎？』對曰：『鯤近日入覲，主上側席，遲得見公，宮省穆然，必無不虞之慮。公若入朝、鯤請侍從。』敦曰：『正復殺君等數百，何損於時？』遂不朝而去。」

The Jin yangqiu says, "Kun was Governor of Yuzhang. When Wang Dun was about to give rein to his revolt, he pressed Kun to go with him, because Kun had the esteem of the age. When the capital had been taken and Dun was about to return to Wuchang, Kun said, 'If you do not go and present yourself at court, I fear the private talk of the empire.' Dun said, 'Can you guarantee that there will be no turn against me?' He answered, 'When I went in to an audience the other day, His Majesty sat aside on his mat and thought it long until he might see your lordship, and all was harmony in the palace; there will surely be no cause for the unforeseen. If your lordship goes to court, I ask to attend you.' Dun said, 'Even if I kill a few hundred of you and your like, what loss is that to the age?' And in the end he went away without going to court."

葛洪富民塘頌曰：「闓字敬緒，丹陽人，張昭孫也。」中興書曰：「闓，晉陵內史，甚有威德。轉至廷尉卿。」

Ge Hong's Fumin tang song says, "Kai's courtesy name was Jingxu; he was a man of Danyang, a grandson of Zhang Zhao." The Zhongxing shu says, "Kai was Clerk of the Interior of Jinling and had great awe and virtue. He was transferred and rose to Chief Commandant of Justice."

賀循別傳曰：「循字彥先，會稽山陰人。本姓慶，高祖純，避漢帝諱，改為賀氏。父邵，吳中書令，以忠正見害。循少嬰家禍，流放荒裔，吳平乃還。秉節高舉，元帝為安東，王循為吳國內史。」

The He Xun biezhuan says, "Xun's courtesy name was Yanxian; he was a man of Shanyin in Kuaiji. His surname was originally Qing, and his great-great-grandfather Qing Chun changed it to He to avoid the taboo name of the Han emperor. His father Shao was Director of the Secretariat in Wu, and he was killed for his loyalty and uprightness. Xun met with the ruin of his house when young and was cast away to the wild borders, and when Wu was pacified he came back. He held to his principles and rose high, and when Emperor Yuan was General Pacifying the East he made Xun Clerk of the Interior of the state of Wu."

中興書曰：「鑒少好學博覽，雖不及章句，而多所通綜。」

The Zhongxing shu says, "Jian was fond of learning when young and read widely, and though he did not reach to the exegesis of chapter and phrase, there was much that he grasped and put together."

晉陽秋曰：「充字士居，吳興人。少好兵，諂事王敦。敦克京邑，以充為車騎將軍，領吳國內史。明帝伐王敦，充率眾就王含，謂其妻曰：『男兒不建豹尾，不復歸矣！』敦死，充將吳儒斬首於京都。」

The Jin yangqiu says, "Chong's courtesy name was Shiju; he was a man of Wuxing. He was fond of arms when young and served Wang Dun with flattery. When Dun had taken the capital, he made Chong General of Chariots and Cavalry with charge of the Interior of the state of Wu. When Emperor Ming attacked Wang Dun, Chong led his men to join Wang Han, and said to his wife, 'If a man cannot set up the leopard's tail, he will not come home again.' When Dun died, Chong's general Wu Ru cut off his head and sent it to the capital."

陸碑曰：「邁字功高，吳郡人。器識清敏，風檢澄峻。累遷振威太守、尚書吏部郎。」

The Lu bei says, "Mai's courtesy name was Gonggao; he was a man of Wu commandery. His capacity and discernment were clear and quick, and his bearing and self restraint were pure and stern. Through a series of posts he came to be Governor Rousing Might and Gentleman of the Ministry of Personnel in the Department of State Affairs."

玩別傳曰：「是時王導、郗鑒、庾亮相繼薨殂，朝野憂懼，以玩德望，乃拜司空。玩辭讓不獲，乃歎息謂朋友曰：『以我為三公，是天下無人矣。』時人以為知言。」

The Wan biezhuan says, "At that time Wang Dao, Xi Jian, and Yu Liang died one after another, and court and country were anxious and afraid; so for Wan's virtue and repute they appointed him Minister of Works. Wan declined but was not allowed to, and he sighed and said to his friends, 'That they make me one of the Three Dukes means there is no man left in the empire.' Men of the time thought it a knowing word."

翼別見。宋明帝文章志曰：「庾翼名輩，豈應狂狷如此哉？時若有斯言，亦傳聞者之謬矣。」

Yi is noticed elsewhere. Emperor Ming of Song's Wenzhang zhi says, "A man of Yu Yi's name and standing, how should he have been so wild and narrow as this? If such a word was spoken at the time, it too is the error of those who passed it on."

含別傳曰：「刺史庾亮初命含為部從事，桓溫臨州，轉參軍。」

The Han biezhuan says, "The Inspector Yu Liang first appointed Han Attendant Clerk of a section, and when Huan Wen came to the province he moved him to Adjutant."

中興書曰：「尚為建武將軍、江夏相。」

The Zhongxing shu says, "Shang was General Establishing Might and Chancellor of Jiangxia."

按萬未死之前，安猶未仕。高臥東山，又何肯輕入軍旅邪？世說此言，迂謬已甚。

On examination: before Wan died, An had not yet taken office. He lay high on the Eastern Mountain; how should he have gone lightly into the army? This saying in the Shishuo is roundabout and mistaken in the extreme.

續晉陽秋曰：「珉有俊才，與兄珣並有名，聲出珣右。故時人為之語曰：『法護非不佳，僧彌難為兄。』」

The Xu Jin yangqiu says, "Min had outstanding talent. He and his elder brother Xun were both known by name, but his fame went above Xun's. So men of the time made a saying of it. 'It is not that Fahu is no good, but that Sengmi is a hard man to have for a younger brother.'"

春秋公羊傳曰：「晉趙鞅取晉陽之甲，以逐荀寅、士吉射，寅、吉射者，君側之惡人。」

The Gongyang zhuan of the Chunqiu says, "Zhao Yang of Jin took the levies of Jinyang and drove out Xun Yin and Shi Jishe. Yin and Jishe were the evil men at the ruler's side."

晉安帝紀曰：「殷仲堪舉兵，覬弗與同，且以己居小任，唯當守局而已；晉陽之事，非所宜豫也。仲堪每邀之，覬輒曰：『吾進不敢同，退不敢異。』遂以憂卒。」

The Jin Andi ji says, "When Yin Zhongkan raised troops, Ji would not join him; and he said that since he himself held a small charge he should only keep to his own post, and that the affair of Jinyang was not one he should take part in. Every time Zhongkan pressed him, Ji would say, 'I dare not go forward and join you, and I dare not draw back and differ from you.' In the end he died of worry."

豫章舊志曰：「廬俗字君孝，本姓匡，夏禹苗裔，東野王之子。秦末，百越君長與吳芮助漢定天下，野王亡軍中。漢八年，封俗鄢陽男，食邑茲部，印曰廬君。俗兄弟七人，皆好道術，遂寓于洞庭之山，故世謂廬山。孝武元封五年，南巡狩，浮江，親睹神靈，乃封俗為大明公，四時秩祭焉。」遠法師廬山記曰：「山在江州尋陽郡，左挾彭澤，右傍通川，有匡俗先生，出自殷、周之際，遁世隱時，潛居其下。或云：匡俗受道於仙人，而共遊其嶺，遂託室崖岫，即巖成館，故時人謂為神仙之廬而命焉。」法師遊山記曰：「自託此山二十三載，再踐石門，四遊南嶺，東望香鑪峰，北眺九江。傳聞有石井方湖，中有赤鱗踊出，野人不能敘，直歎其奇而已矣。」

The Yuzhang jiuzhi says, "Lu Su's courtesy name was Junxiao. His surname was originally Kuang. He was a descendant of Yu of Xia and a son of Yewang of Dong. At the end of the Qin, the lords and elders of the Hundred Yue joined Wu Rui in helping the Han to settle the empire, and Yewang died in the army. In the eighth year of Han, Su was enfeoffed Baron of Yanyang with Zibu for his estate, and his seal read 'Lord Lu.' Su and his brothers, seven men in all, were all fond of the arts of the Way, and in the end they lodged on the mountain of Dongting; and so the world calls it Mount Lu. In the fifth year of Yuanfeng, Emperor Xiaowu made a tour of inspection to the south. He floated on the river and saw the divine power himself, and so he enfeoffed Su as Duke Daming and had him sacrificed to in due order at the four seasons." Dharma Master Yuan's Lushan ji says, "The mountain is in Xunyang commandery in Jiangzhou, with Pengze at its left and the Tongchuan at its right. There was a Master Kuang Su, who came out about the time of Yin and Zhou; he fled the world and hid from his age, and lived quietly below it. Some say that Kuang Su received the Way from an immortal and roamed its ridges with him, and at last lodged a chamber in a cliff cave and made a hall of the rock itself; and so men of the time called it the hut of the immortal and named it from that." The Dharma Master's Youshan ji says, "In the twenty-three years since I lodged on this mountain, I have trodden the Stone Gate twice and roamed the southern ridge four times. To the east I have looked out on the Incense Burner Peak, and to the north gazed down on the Nine Rivers. It is said that there is a stone well and a square lake, and that red scales leap up in it; country folk cannot set it out in words, and only sigh at the wonder of it."

桓氏譜曰：「道恭字祖猷，彝同堂弟也。父赤之，太學博士。道恭歷淮南太守、偽楚江夏相。義熙初，伏誅。」

The Huan shi pu says, "Daogong's courtesy name was Zuyou; he was a cousin of Yi. His father Chizhi was Erudite of the Imperial Academy. Daogong passed through the posts of Governor of Huainan and Chancellor of Jiangxia under the false Chu. At the beginning of Yixi he was put to death."

王氏譜曰：「緒字仲業，太原人。祖延。父乂，撫軍。」晉安帝紀曰：「緒為會稽王從事中郎，以佞邪親幸。王珣、王恭惡國寶與緒亂政，與殷仲堪克期同舉，內匡朝廷。及恭表至，乃斬緒以說諸侯。國寶，平北將軍坦之第三子。太傅謝安，國寶婦父也，惡而抑之不用。安薨，相王輔政，遷中書令，有妾數百。從弟緒有寵於王，深為其說，國寶權動內外，王珣、王恭、殷仲堪為孝武所待，不為相王所眄。恭抗表討之，車胤又爭之。會稽王既不能拒諸侯兵，遂委罪國寶，付廷尉賜死。」

The Wang shi pu says, "Xu's courtesy name was Zhongye; he was a man of Taiyuan. His grandfather was Yan, and his father Yi was General Who Soothes the Army." The Jin Andi ji says, "Xu was Attendant Gentleman of the Suite to the Prince of Kuaiji, and was favored and kept close for his flattery and craft. Wang Xun and Wang Gong hated Guobao and Xu for throwing the government into disorder, and they fixed a day with Yin Zhongkan to rise together and set the court right from within. When Gong's memorial arrived, the prince cut Xu down to explain himself to the lords. Guobao was the third son of Tanzhi, General Pacifying the North. The Grand Tutor Xie An was Guobao's father-in-law, and he hated him and held him down and would not use him. When An died and the Prince Chancellor assisted the government, Guobao was moved to Director of the Secretariat, and he had several hundred concubines. His cousin Xu was favored by the prince and spoke much for him, and Guobao's power moved court and country. Wang Xun, Wang Gong, and Yin Zhongkan were well treated by Emperor Xiaowu, but the Prince Chancellor did not look on them. Gong sent up a memorial to attack him, and Che Yin contended against him as well. Since the Prince of Kuaiji could not hold off the troops of the lords, he laid the blame on Guobao in the end, handed him to the Commandant of Justice, and granted him death."

史記曰：「有上書告漢丞相欲反，文帝下之廷尉。勃既出歎曰：『吾嘗將百萬之軍，安知獄吏之為貴也？』」

The Shiji says, "A letter came up accusing the chancellor of Han of meaning to rebel, and Emperor Wen handed him to the Commandant of Justice. When Bo came out he sighed and said, 'I once led an army of a million men. How was I to know how great a prison officer can be?'"

韓詩外傳曰：「昔周道之隆，召伯在朝，有司請召民。召伯曰：『以一身勞百姓，非吾先君文王之志也。』乃暴處於棠下，而聽訟焉。詩人見召伯休息之棠，美而歌之曰：『蔽芾甘棠，勿翦勿伐，召伯所苃。』」

The Han shi waizhuan says, "Of old, when the way of Zhou was at its height and the Earl of Shao was at court, an officer asked to call up the people. The Earl of Shao said, 'To weary the hundred families for one man's sake is not the will of our former lord King Wen.' So he sat in the open under a wild pear tree and heard the suits there. A poet saw the pear tree under which the Earl of Shao had rested, and thought it beautiful and sang of it. 'The leafy wild pear, do not clip it and do not fell it; it is where the Earl of Shao lodged.'"