The kingdom of Heluodan呵羅單國
1The kingdom of Heluodan
治闍婆洲。元嘉七年，遣使獻金剛指鐶、赤鸚鵡鳥、天竺國白疊古貝、葉波國古貝等物。十年，呵羅單國王毗沙跋摩奉表曰：
Its seat of rule is the island of Shepo (闍婆洲). In the seventh year of Yuanjia it sent an envoy and offered a diamond finger ring, a red parrot, baidie gubei cloth of the kingdom of Tianzhu, gubei cloth of the kingdom of Yepo and other goods. In the tenth year Pishabamo, king of Heluodan, sent up a memorial:
2The memorial to the Ever-Victorious Son of Heaven
:常勝天子陛下：諸佛世尊，常樂安隱，三達六通，為世間道，是名如來，應供正覺，遺形舍利，造諸塔像，莊嚴國土，如須彌山，村邑聚落，次第羅匝，城郭館宇，如忉利天宮，宮殿高廣，樓閣莊嚴，四兵具足，能伏怨敵，國土豐樂，無諸患難。奉承先王，正法治化，人民良善，慶無不利，處雪山陰，雪水流注，百川洋溢，八味清淨，周匝屈曲，順趣大海，一切眾生，咸得受用。於諸國土，殊勝第一，是名震旦，大宋揚都，承嗣常勝大王之業，德合天心，仁廕四海，聖智周備，化無不順，雖人是天，護世降生，功德寶藏，大悲救世，為我尊主常勝天子。是故至誠五體敬禮。呵羅單國王毗沙跋摩稽首問訊。
"To His Majesty the Ever-Victorious Son of Heaven (常勝天子). The buddhas, the world-honored ones, are ever joyful and at peace. With the three clear knowings and the six powers they are the way of the world, and they are called the Tathagata, the Worthy of Offerings, the Rightly Enlightened. From the relics of the body they left behind, many stupas and images have been made, and they adorn the land like Mount Sumeru. Villages and hamlets are ranged about in order, and the walls and the lodging halls are like the palace of Daoli heaven. The palace halls are high and broad and the towers are solemn. The four kinds of troops are complete and can bring enemy and foe to submit, and the land is rich and joyful, without trouble or calamity. Succeeding the former king, he rules and teaches by the true Law, and the people are good and kind, and there is no blessing among them that is not to their profit. The land lies in the shade of the Snow Mountains, and the snow water flows down. A hundred streams overflow, the eight flavors are clear and clean, and winding about on every side they run obediently to the great sea, so that all living beings receive their use. Among all lands it is the finest and the first, and it is called Zhendan (震旦). Yangdu of the great Song has taken up the work of the Ever-Victorious great king. His virtue accords with the mind of heaven, his benevolence shades the four seas, his sagely wisdom is complete on every side, and there is nothing in his teaching that is not obeyed. Though he is a man, he is heaven. He came down to be born to guard the world. He is a treasure-store of merit and virtue, and he saves the world with great compassion, our honored lord the Ever-Victorious Son of Heaven. Therefore with all sincerity I cast down my five limbs and bow in reverence. Pishabamo, king of Heluodan, bows his head and asks after your health."
3Robbed by his son
其後為子所篡奪。十三年，又上表曰：
Afterward his throne was seized by his son. In the thirteenth year he sent up another memorial:
4The memorial to the Greatly Auspicious Son of Heaven
:大吉天子足下：離淫怒癡，哀愍羣生，想好具足，天龍神等，恭敬供養，世尊威德，身光明照，如水中月，如日初出，眉間白豪，普照十方，其白如雪，亦如月光，清淨如華，顏色照曜，威儀殊勝，諸天龍神之所恭敬，以正法寶，梵行眾僧，莊嚴國土，人民熾盛，安隱快樂。城閣高峻，如乾他山，眾多勇士，守護此城，樓閣莊嚴，道巷平正，著種種衣，猶如天服，於一切國，為最殊勝吉。揚州城無憂天主，愍念羣生，安樂民人，律儀清淨，慈心深廣，正法治化，共養三寶，名稱遠至，一切並聞。民人樂見，如月初生，譬如梵王，世界之主，一切人天，恭敬作禮。呵羅單跋摩以頂禮足，猶如現前，以體布地，如殿陛道，供養恭敬，如奉世尊，以頂著地，曲躬問訊。
"To the Greatly Auspicious Son of Heaven (大吉天子), at your feet. The World-Honored One has left lust and anger and folly behind and pities all living things, and his marks and signs are all complete, so that gods and dragons and spirits revere him and make offerings to him. In his majesty and virtue the light of his body shines like the moon in water, like the sun when it first comes out. The white hair between his brows lights up the ten directions, and its whiteness is like snow and like moonlight, clean as a flower. The color of his face shines and his bearing is beyond compare, and gods and dragons and spirits revere him. With the treasure of the true Law and with the many monks of pure conduct your land is adorned, and the people flourish, at peace and in joy. The city and its towers are high and steep like Mount Gantuo. Many brave men guard this city, the towers are solemn, the roads and lanes are level and straight, and the people wear clothes of every kind like the robes of heaven, so that among all kingdoms it is the finest and most auspicious. The Sorrowless Lord of Heaven (無憂天主) in the city of Yangzhou pities all living things and gives the people peace and joy. His keeping of the precepts is clear and clean, his compassionate heart is deep and broad, he rules and teaches by the true Law, and he serves the Three Jewels together with his people, so that his name reaches far and all have heard it. The people delight to look on him as on the new moon. He is like Brahma, the lord of the world, whom all men and gods revere and worship. Heluodanbamo does reverence at your feet as though you were before him. He spreads his body on the ground as on the stairway of a palace hall. He makes offering and reverence as though serving the World-Honored One. He lays his forehead on the ground and bends his body to ask after your health."
Interlinear notes 1
如日初出眉間白豪 「出眉」二字各本並脫，「白豪」二字各本並作「自蒙」。孫虨宋書考論云：「天竺表有云『如日初出』，此闕處疑亦是『出』字。又按梁書狼牙修國奉表有云，『眉間白豪，其白如雪』。『自蒙』即『白豪』之誤，闕處更當有一『眉』字。」按孫說是，今改正。
"Like the sun when it first comes out, the white hair between his brows" (如日初出眉間白豪). The two graphs 出眉 are dropped in every edition, and the two graphs 白豪 read 自蒙 in all of them. The Song shu kaolun of Sun Bin says: "The memorial of Tianzhu has 'like the sun when it first comes out,' so the gap here is likely to be the graph 出 as well. Further, the memorial of the kingdom of Langyaxiu in the Liang shu has 'the white hair between his brows, its whiteness like snow.' So 自蒙 is an error for 白豪, and there should be one more graph 眉 in the gap." Sun's words are right, and it has now been corrected.
5Let him buy armor and horses
:忝承先業，嘉慶無量，忽為惡子所見爭奪，遂失本國。今唯一心歸誠天子，以自存命。今遣毗紉問訊大家，意欲自往，歸誠宣訴，復畏大海，風波不達。今命得存，亦由毗紉此人忠志，其恩難報。此是大家國，今為惡子所奪，而見驅擯，意頗忿惋，規欲雪復。伏願大家聽毗紉買諸鎧仗袍襖及馬，願為料理毗紉使得時還。前遣闍邪仙婆羅訶，蒙大家厚賜，悉惡子奪去，啟大家使知。今奉薄獻，願垂納受。
"Unworthy as I am, I took up the work of my forebears, and my good fortune was without measure. Then all at once an evil son fought me and took it away, and so I lost my own kingdom. Now with a single heart I give my loyalty to the Son of Heaven, and by this I keep my life. Now I send Piren to ask after the great house (大家). My wish was to go myself, to give my loyalty and lay out my plea, but I feared again that the wind and waves of the great sea would not let me reach you. That my life is kept even now is owing to the loyal will of this man Piren, and his kindness is hard to repay. This land is the land of the great house, and now an evil son has taken it and driven me out. My heart is deeply angry and grieved, and I plan to wipe out the wrong and win it back. I humbly pray that the great house allow Piren to buy armor and weapons, war coats and horses, and that you look after Piren so that he may return in good time. Sheyexianpoluohe, whom I sent before, received rich gifts from the great house, and the evil son took them all away. I report this so that the great house may know it. Now I offer a thin gift, and I pray that you take pity and receive it."
6Offices given to three kingdoms
此後又遣使。二十六年，太祖詔曰：「訶羅單、媻皇、媻達三國，頻越遐海，款化納貢，遠誠宜甄，可並加除授。」乃遣使策命之曰：「惟爾慕義款化，效誠荒遐，恩之所洽，殊遠必甄，用敷典章，顯茲策授。爾其欽奉凝命，永固厥職，可不慎歟。」二十九年，又遣長史媻和沙彌獻方物。
After this it sent envoys again. In the twenty-sixth year Taizu issued an edict: "The three kingdoms of Heluodan, Pohuang and Poda have crossed the far sea again and again, have given their loyalty to our teaching and have brought in tribute. Sincerity from so far should be made known, and appointments may be conferred on them all." He then sent an envoy to invest them: "You have longed for righteousness and given your loyalty to our teaching, and you offer your true heart from a distant wilderness. Where grace reaches, even the most remote must be made known. Therefore the statutes are set forth, and this investiture is made plain. Do you reverently receive this solemn command and hold your office firm forever. Can you fail to be careful?" In the twenty-ninth year it again sent its chief clerk Pohesami with local products.