The kingdom of Goguryeo高句驪國

Its seat of government is now the Liaodong Commandery of the Han. In the ninth year of Yixi under Emperor An of Jin, Go Ryeon (King Jangsu), King of Goguryeo, sent his chief clerk Go Ik to present a memorial and to offer a reddish-white horse (赭白馬). Ryeon was made Commissioner Bearing the Tally, Governor of All Military Affairs of Yingzhou, General Who Conquers the East, King of Goguryeo, and Duke of Lelang. When Gaozu ascended the throne he decreed: "Ryeon, Commissioner Bearing the Tally, Governor of All Military Affairs of Yingzhou, General Who Conquers the East, King of Goguryeo and Duke of Lelang, and Yeong, Commissioner Bearing the Tally, Commander of All Military Affairs of Baekje, General Who Guards the East and King of Baekje, both hold to righteousness beyond the sea and fulfil their tribute duties from afar. This is the beginning of a new reign, and they should receive the bounty of the state. Ryeon may be made Great General Who Conquers the East, and Yeong Great General Who Guards the East. Their tallies, their governorships, their kingships and their dukedoms remain as before." In the third year the office of Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary was added to Ryeon, and command of all military affairs of Pingzhou was added as well. In the second year of Jingping under the Young Emperor, Ryeon sent his chief clerk Maru and others to the palace gate to offer local products, and an envoy was sent to comfort him: "The Emperor asks after the Commissioner Bearing the Tally, Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary, Governor of All Military Affairs of the two provinces of Ying and Ping, Great General Who Conquers the East, King of Goguryeo and Duke of Lelang. You have taken up in turn the rule of the eastern lands, and your merits follow in the tracks of those before you. Your kindness is already manifest and your loyal sincerity is clear as well, and you have crossed the Liao and come over the sea to bring tribute to this court. I am without virtue, and unworthily I have received the great succession. I think always of the tracks of former days and long to spread the bounty they left. Now I send the usher Zhu Shaobo and the assistant usher Wang Shaozi and others to proclaim my will and comfort you. Be diligent in a peaceful and kindly rule, raise your merit high for ever, make bright the commands of old, and answer to my intent."

Before this, Murong Bao of the Xianbei ruled at Zhongshan. He was broken by the Suolu (the Northern Wei) and fled east to Huanglong. At the beginning of Yixi, Bao's younger brother Xi was killed by his subordinate Feng Ba, and Ba set himself up as ruler and styled himself King of Yan. Because he governed from the city of Huanglong, his state was called the Kingdom of Huanglong. When Ba died his younger brother Hong took the throne. He was attacked again and again by the Suolu, but they could not bring him down. In the time of Taizu he sent envoys every year to offer local products, and in the twelfth year of Yuanjia further offices were bestowed on him. In the fifteenth year the Suolu attacked once more. Hong was beaten and fled, and took refuge in the city of Bukpung in Goguryeo, and sent up a memorial asking to be received. Taizu sent the envoys Wang Baiju and Zhao Cixing to fetch him, and ordered Goguryeo to see to the supplies for his journey. But Ryeon did not want Hong to go south, and so sent his generals Son Su and Go Gu and others to fall upon him and kill him. Baiju and the others led the seven thousand and more men under their command, struck at Su and his men by surprise, took Su alive and killed Go Gu and one other. Ryeon held that Baiju and his men had killed on their own authority, and sent an envoy to seize them and send them back. The emperor, because it was a distant country, did not wish to cross its will, and so Baiju and the others were put in prison and then pardoned.

Ryeon sent envoys every year. In the sixteenth year Taizu wished to campaign in the north and decreed that Ryeon should send horses, and Ryeon offered eight hundred horses. In the second year of Xiaojian under Shizu, Ryeon sent his chief clerk Dong Deung to present a memorial of condolence on the second anniversary of the national mourning, and to offer local products as well. In the third year of Daming he offered besides the arrows of hu wood and the stone arrowheads of the Sushen. In the seventh year a decree said: "Ryeon, Commissioner Bearing the Tally, Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary, Commander of All Military Affairs of the two provinces of Ping and Ying, Great General Who Conquers the East, King of Goguryeo and Duke of Lelang, has served loyalty and righteousness age after age and made a bulwark beyond the sea. His sincerity is bound to this court and his will is to cut down the cruel and the treacherous, and he has sent interpreters out beyond the sands and been able to make the royal plan known. He should be praised and advanced, to mark his pure fidelity. He may be made Great General of Chariots and Cavalry and Commander Unequalled in Honour; his tally, his attendantship, his governorship, his kingship and his dukedom remain as before." Through the Taishi years of Taizong and the Yuanhui years of the Later Deposed Emperor, tribute never ceased.