Baekje百濟
1The line of Baekje
百濟者，其先東夷有三韓國，一曰馬韓，二曰辰韓，三曰弁韓。弁韓、辰韓各十二國，馬韓有五十四國。大國萬餘家，小國數千家，總十餘萬戶，百濟卽其一也。後漸強大，兼諸小國。其國本與句驪在遼東之東，晉世句驪旣略有遼東，百濟亦據有遼西、晉平二郡地矣，自置百濟郡。晉太元中，王須；義熙中，王餘映；宋元嘉中，王餘毗；並遣獻生口。餘毗死，立子慶。慶死，子牟都立。都死，立子牟太。齊永明中，除太都督百濟諸軍事、鎮東大將軍、百濟王。天監元年，進太號征東將軍。尋爲高句驪所破，衰弱者累年，遷居南韓地。普通二年，王餘隆始復遣使奉表，稱「累破句驪，今始與通好」，而百濟更爲強國。其年，高祖詔曰：「行都督百濟諸軍事、鎮東大將軍、百濟王餘隆，守籓海外，遠脩貢職，乃誠款到，朕有嘉焉。宜率舊章，授茲榮命。可使持節、都督百濟諸軍事、寧東大將軍、百濟王。」五年，隆死，詔復以其子明爲持節、督百濟諸軍事、綏東將軍、百濟王。號所治城曰固麻，謂邑曰簷魯，如中國之言郡縣也。
As for Baekje, its forebears were the three Han kingdoms of the Eastern Yi. The first was Mahan, the second Jinhan, the third Byeonhan. Byeonhan and Jinhan had twelve kingdoms each, and Mahan had fifty-four. The large kingdoms had more than ten thousand households and the small ones several thousand, more than a hundred thousand households in all, and Baekje was one of them. Afterward it grew strong and great little by little and took in the small kingdoms. That kingdom was at first, together with Guryeo, east of Liaodong, and in the time of Jin (晉), when Guryeo had taken Liaodong, Baekje took the lands of the two commanderies of Liaoxi and Jinping and set up a commandery of Baekje of its own. In the Taiyuan years of Jin its king Su; in the Yixi years its king Yeoyeong; and in the Yuanjia years of Song its king Yeobi, all sent living captives as tribute. Yeobi died and his son Gyeong was set up. Gyeong died and his son Modo ascended the throne, and Do died and his son Motae was set up. In the Yongming years of Qi, Tae was appointed Governor of All Military Affairs of Baekje, Great General Who Guards the East, and King of Baekje. In the first year of Tianjian, Tae's title was raised to General Who Conquers the East. Before long he was broken by Goguryeo and was weak for several years, and they moved and dwelt in the land of Southern Han (南韓). In the second year of Putong its king Yeoryung for the first time sent an envoy again to bear a memorial, saying, "We have broken Guryeo again and again, and only now do we enter into friendship with you," and Baekje became a strong kingdom once more. In that year Gaozu sent down an edict that said: "Yeoryung, acting Governor of All Military Affairs of Baekje, Great General Who Guards the East, and King of Baekje, guards his frontier beyond the sea and keeps up his tribute duties from afar, and his sincerity has reached us. In this we find something to praise. It is fitting to follow the old rule and to give him this glorious charge. He may be made Commissioner Bearing the Tally, Governor of All Military Affairs of Baekje, Great General Who Quiets the East, and King of Baekje." In the fifth year Yung died, and an edict again made his son Myeong Bearer of the Tally, Governor of All Military Affairs of Baekje, General Who Settles the East, and King of Baekje. The city they govern from they call Goma (固麻), and a town they call damno (簷魯), which in the speech of China is the same as a commandery or a county.
2The twenty-two damno and the revolt of Hou Jing
其國有二十二簷魯，皆以子弟宗族分據之。其人形長，衣服淨潔。其國近倭，頗有文身者。今言語服章略與高驪同，行不張拱、拜不申足則異。呼帽曰冠，襦曰複衫，袴曰褌。其言參諸夏，亦秦、韓之遺俗云。中大通六年、大同七年，累遣使獻方物；幷請《涅盤》等經義、《毛詩》博士，幷工匠、畫師等，敕並給之。太清三年，不知京師寇賊，猶遣使貢獻；旣至，見城闕荒毀，並號慟涕泣。侯景怒，囚執之，及景平，方得還國。
That kingdom has twenty-two damno, and all of them are parceled out to the king's sons and younger brothers and kinsmen to hold. Its people are tall in form, and their clothing is clean and neat. The kingdom is near to Wa, and there are a good many who tattoo their bodies. Their speech and their dress today are much the same as those of Goguryeo, but they differ in that they do not fold their hands as they walk and do not stretch out a leg when they bow. They call a hat gwan (冠), a jacket boksam, and trousers gon. Their speech has the speech of China mixed into it, and this too is said to be a custom left from Qin and Han (秦韓). In the sixth year of Zhongdatong and the seventh year of Datong they sent envoys again and again to offer local products, and they also asked for the meaning of the Nirvana Sutra and other scriptures (經義), and for a scholar of the Mao Odes, and for craftsmen (工匠) and painters (畫師), and by imperial order all of these were given them. In the third year of Taiqing, not knowing that robbers had come into the capital, they still sent an envoy with tribute. When he arrived and they saw the walls and towers laid waste, they all cried aloud and wept. Hou Jing was angry and seized them and shut them up, and only when Jing had been put down could they go back to their country.