Yetgeul › Dongguk Isangguk Jip (Collected Works of Minister Yi of the Eastern Country) › Former Collection, Book 28

Letter secretly informing the Jurchen and the Han密告女眞漢兒文

Dongguk Isangguk Jip (Collected Works of Minister Yi of the Eastern Country) 東國李相國集 · Yi Gyubo · Compiled 1241 (Goryeo, 28th year of King Gojong); revised and enlarged 1251 · 1 passages · 405 Chinese characters · reading time 3.7 min

Dongguk Isangguk Jip (Collected Works of Minister Yi of the Eastern Country) Former Collection, Book 28 The collected writings of Yi Gyubo of Goryeo, gathered and cut in woodblock by his son Yi Ham in 1241 and revised and enlarged by his grandson Yi Ikbae in 1251. It holds poems and rhapsodies, memorials and reports sent up to the king, records written for temples and pagodas, stele and tomb inscriptions, letters and prefaces, and the state letters that passed to and from the Mongols during the invasions. The Lay of King Dongmyeong, which sings the founder of Goguryeo, stands in volume 3 of the first collection, and the daily life of a man who called himself the White Cloud Layman — with his wine, his zither and his verse — fills the later collection. The book closes with the last poem he wrote as his eyes failed and he laid down the brush, and with the dirge and tomb inscription others made for him after his death.

密諗女眞漢兒等官人。其每次所通事。一一知之。比來你每及回回,阿萬等諸國人。厭隨蒙古。投來我國者衮衮不絶。其人等皆來傳你每所言云。阿每久爲蒙古驅逼。不堪其苦。又累載相從。細詳其本心。其猜忍莫甚。然今之不殺阿每者。非愛之也。凡攻破諸國城堡。次欲借力驅使耳。若諸國摠亡。則必不存阿每矣。是故。頃者羊波奴甚憤之。方蒙古之伐東眞也。率其屬往其本屯。盡殺了留在男女。遂入石城自保。蒙古於癸巳甲午年間。攻其城殺了底。自是後常疑吾屬者久矣。終必屠之可知也。聞高麗入都水內地甚寬廣。又善遇異國歸降者。各給口分田地。使耕而食之。其居可樂也。欲於此時逃出歸投。但難於出去。姑侯其隙矣。每來人所傳如是。其言不可不信。何者。且我國與你每國。通好僅百年。而略無嫌隙。況自未入水內時。於每處置投化場。以處你每之投來者。各給以上田令耕墾。安生樂業。其若官人者。許通仕籍。今於水內亦爾。則你每豈不聞之耶。其欲來投信然矣。果若爾言。則偕十人而來者。給廩食若干金帛若干。偕百人而來者。加等三倍。次次而上。亦如之。非特賞賜如此。皆處以好地安之。愼勿疑也。豈唯你每而已哉。諸國亦然。

Secretly I inform the several officers of the Jurchen (女眞) and the Han (漢兒). The matters you have reported time and again are known to us point by point.

Of late, those of you and of the several countries' people, the Hoehoe (回回) and the Aman (阿萬) and the rest, who are unwilling to follow the Mongols and cross over into our country, come one after another without a break. All those men come and relate what you have said, thus:

"We have long been driven and pressed by the Mongols and cannot endure the misery of it. Moreover, following along with them these several years, we have looked closely into their inward hearts, and their jealousy and cruelty are beyond measure. And yet their not killing us now is not out of any tenderness. It is only that in breaking down the walls and ramparts of the several countries they would borrow our strength and make use of us. If all the several countries perish, they will surely not leave us alive. Therefore the other day Yangpano (羊波奴), taking it exceedingly ill, led his own host, when the Mongols were attacking Eastern Jin (東眞), to their original camp, killed all the men and women who had been left there, and at last went into Seokseong (石城) and held it himself. The Mongols attacked that fortress between the years Gyesa (癸巳) and Gabo (甲午) and killed him. Since then they have long been suspicious of our host always, and one may see that in the end they will surely kill us. We hear that Goryeo has moved its capital inside the water, and that its land is very broad; that it treats well those who come back and submit from other countries, giving each his portion of field and ground to till for his food, so that living there is a pleasure. At this time we would run away and go to attach ourselves there, only that it is hard to slip out, and so for a while we wait for the chance."

Since what every man who comes relates is like this, we cannot but believe what they say. And why? For this reason. Our country and your country have been on good terms for nearly a hundred years without the least rift between us. How much more that even before coming inside the water we set up places of submission (投化場) here and there, where those of you who crossed over might live, giving each good fields to till and open up, so that they lived at ease and worked with gladness. Those who had been officers we permitted to enter upon the course of office. Now within the water it is so as well; how should you not have heard of it? That you say you would come and attach yourselves is indeed a thing one may well say.

If it is truly as you say, then to him who brings ten men we shall give so much grain and so much gold and silk; to him who brings a hundred men we shall raise the grade and give threefold; and so on by stages upward in the same way. And not only shall the rewards be such: we shall settle you all in good land and set you at ease, so by all means do not doubt it. And how should it be you alone? With the several countries it is so too.