Yetgeul › Gyewon Pilgyeongjip (A Plowing of the Brush in the Cassia Garden) › Book 1 — Memorials

A memorial of congratulation on the changing of the reign name賀改年號表

Gyewon Pilgyeongjip (A Plowing of the Brush in the Cassia Garden) 桂苑筆耕集 · Choe Chiwon · 886 (Tang, 6th year of the Zhonghe era · Silla, 12th year of King Heongang) · 1 passages · 445 Chinese characters · reading time 1.8 min

Gyewon Pilgyeongjip (A Plowing of the Brush in the Cassia Garden) Book 1 — Memorials A collection Choe Chiwon made by choosing out of the writings of his four years in the headquarters of Gao Pian, military commissioner of Huainan under the Tang, binding them into twenty volumes and presenting them to King Heongang of Silla in 886. It holds 366 pieces — memorials and reports sent up to the emperor, the proclamation denouncing Huang Chao, letters to the several military commissioners, orders and dispatches issued to those under him, Daoist and Buddhist texts for services, funeral offerings, records written for the outer wall of Chengdu and for a painting of Annam, and the reports and poems he sent up to Gao Pian. Here is the first report, which begins "I am a man of Silla," and the proclamation against Huang Chao with its line, "Not only do all the men of the world think to kill you openly; the ghosts under the earth have already discussed cutting you down in secret." The last volume holds the poems he made on the voyage home to the country he had left at twelve. It is the oldest collection by a Korean that survives, and when Hong Seokju and Seo Yugu printed it with movable type in 1834 they called it "the root and the beginning of the writing of our Eastern Country." Their two prefaces are translated with it.

1From Guangming to Zhonghe

臣某言:今月某日,得進奏院狀報,奉十一日宣下,改廣明元年為中和元年者。展義龜城,易名鳳紀,美號既新於歷象,歡聲遍振於寰區。臣某誠抃誠躍,頓首頓首。臣謹案《王制》云:「天子西巡狩,命典禮考時月,定日同律。」然則三秋啟候,萬乘省方,金郊興肅殺之風,玉壘應巡遊之地,遂遵規於舉正,爰降命於改元。且《大戴禮》曰:「中也者,天下之大本;和也者,天下之達道。」致中和,天地位焉,萬物育焉。故漢益州剌史王襄,俾蜀詞人王襃作中和樂職宣布之詩,以歌君德,耆舊傳揚。況及聖朝,曾編新樂,舉二月恬和之節,播八風調暢之音,永驗休譚,實諧昌運。伏惟聖神聰睿仁哲明孝皇帝陛下纂承寶位,丕闡皇猷,將務格苗,暫勞避狄。風始行於地上,《易》象可徵;日再耀於天中,休禎斯在。是以紀年有裕,懸法無虧。帝業中興,則遠超於前漢、後漢;物情允洽,則近繼於元和、太和。足可使蠢植昭蘇,華夷悅服,掩神雀黃龍之瑞,應河清海宴之期。則彼蕞爾叛徒,騷然嘯聚,偶縱煙塵之患,即歸原野之誅,佇回西幸之儀,便舉東封之禮。臣今者既獲成師以出,必能仗義而行,跡泛戈船,心馳劍閣,冀陳戎捷,永賀堯年。臨楚水以魂飛,朝天可待;望秦雲而目極,捧日為期。未獲榮列朝班,稱慶行在,無任抃躍戰懼屏營之至。謹奉表陳賀以聞,臣某誠歡誠喜、頓首頓首。謹言。

Your servant So-and-so speaks. On such a day of this month there came a report from the court liaison office, saying that the proclamation handed down on the eleventh day has been received, and that the first year of Guangming is changed to the first year of Zhonghe. He sets forth righteousness at the Tortoise City and changes the name in the phoenix reckoning of the years. The fair title is new upon the calendar and the signs of heaven, and the sound of gladness shakes through the whole round of the world. Your servant So-and-so truly claps his hands and truly leaps up, bowing his head to the ground, bowing his head to the ground. Your servant has looked with care into the Wangzhi, and it says, "When the Son of Heaven makes his progress to the west, he commands the officer of rites to examine the seasons and the months, to fix the days, and to make the pitch pipes one." If that is so, then autumn has opened its season and the lord of ten thousand chariots is looking over his lands. The killing wind rises in the golden suburb, and Mount Yulei answers to the ground of the royal progress, and so he has followed the rule of raising up what is correct and has sent down the command to change the reign name. The Da Dai Li says as well, "The mean is the great root of all under heaven, and harmony is the road that runs through all under heaven." Bring the mean and harmony to their fullness, and heaven and earth take their places and the ten thousand things are nourished. For this reason Wang Xiang, the inspector of Yizhou in Han, had Wang Bao, a man of letters of Shu, make the poems Zhonghe, Lezhi and Xuanbu to sing the virtue of the ruler, and the old men handed them on and raised them high. How much more in this sage court, which once set a new music in order, took up the mild season of the second month, and spread abroad the even sound of the eight winds. The fair saying is borne out for all time, and it truly accords with a flourishing fortune. Your servant humbly considers that Your Majesty, the Sagely and Divine, Perceptive and Wise, Benevolent and Discerning, Bright and Filial Emperor, has taken up the precious throne and has greatly opened out the imperial plan, and that Your Majesty now labors to bring the Miao to come in and bears for a while the toil of withdrawing before the barbarians. The wind first moves over the earth, and the image in the Book of Changes is borne out. The sun shines again in the midst of heaven, and the blessed sign is here. Therefore there is ample room in the reckoning of the years, and there is no flaw in the hanging up of the laws. In the renewal of the imperial work he goes far beyond the Former Han and the Later Han, and in the contentment of men's feelings he follows close upon Yuanhe and Taihe. It is enough to make the creeping things and the growing things come to life again, and to make the Chinese and the outer peoples submit with joy, and to cover over the auspices of the divine sparrow and the yellow dragon, and to answer the time when the river runs clear and the sea lies quiet. Then those small and paltry rebels who gather with noise and whistling, though by chance they have loosed the trouble of smoke and dust, will soon meet their killing in the open fields, and your servant waits for the day when the western progress turns back and the rite of the eastern feng sacrifice is raised. Your servant has now made his army ready and marched out, and he will surely hold to righteousness as he goes. His tracks are set afloat on the warships and his heart runs to Jiange, and he hopes to report the victory of the troops and to give thanks forever for the years of Yao. He stands before the waters of Chu and his spirit flies away, and the day of coming before the court may be awaited. He looks toward the clouds of Qin until his eyes can see no further, and he sets his term by the holding up of the sun. He has not been able to stand in glory in the ranks of the court and to offer his congratulation at your traveling palace, and he cannot bear the utmost of his clapping and leaping, of his dread and his trembling. He respectfully sends up this memorial to set forth his congratulation and make it heard. Your servant So-and-so is truly glad and truly joyful, bowing his head to the ground, bowing his head to the ground. Respectfully spoken.