Yetgeul › Gyewon Pilgyeongjip (A Plowing of the Brush in the Cassia Garden) › Book 1 — Memorials

A memorial of congratulation on the making of peace with the Southern Man賀通和南蠻表

Gyewon Pilgyeongjip (A Plowing of the Brush in the Cassia Garden) 桂苑筆耕集 · Choe Chiwon · 886 (Tang, 6th year of the Zhonghe era · Silla, 12th year of King Heongang) · 1 passages · 390 Chinese characters · reading time 1.6 min

Gyewon Pilgyeongjip (A Plowing of the Brush in the Cassia Garden) Book 1 — Memorials A collection Choe Chiwon made by choosing out of the writings of his four years in the headquarters of Gao Pian, military commissioner of Huainan under the Tang, binding them into twenty volumes and presenting them to King Heongang of Silla in 886. It holds 366 pieces — memorials and reports sent up to the emperor, the proclamation denouncing Huang Chao, letters to the several military commissioners, orders and dispatches issued to those under him, Daoist and Buddhist texts for services, funeral offerings, records written for the outer wall of Chengdu and for a painting of Annam, and the reports and poems he sent up to Gao Pian. Here is the first report, which begins "I am a man of Silla," and the proclamation against Huang Chao with its line, "Not only do all the men of the world think to kill you openly; the ghosts under the earth have already discussed cutting you down in secret." The last volume holds the poems he made on the voyage home to the country he had left at twelve. It is the oldest collection by a Korean that survives, and when Hong Seokju and Seo Yugu printed it with movable type in 1834 they called it "the root and the beginning of the writing of our Eastern Country." Their two prefaces are translated with it.

1Yunnan sends its gifts

臣某言:臣得進奏院狀報,入南蠻通和使劉光裕等回雲南通和,兼進獻國信、金銀、器物、匹段、香藥、馬等者。天威遠振,星使遄歸,化外痴內黠之徒,竭奉贄獻琛之禮,德既超於萬古,恩已洽於四夷。臣某誠欣誠忭、頓首頓首。伏以聖主卜徵,既以用和為貴;遠人從化,自知犯義不祥。是得事尚從權,德資含垢,言皆答響,禮不違經。且南蠻嘗懷異謀,久稔邊患,數年猾夏,獨虧控北之誠;列鎮徵兵,驟動征南之役。則乘虛可慮,怙亂難防。今者鳳口銜書,才飛遠地;狼心感德,永順皇風。有以見皇帝陛下法古為君,視人如子,以藏疾匿瑕為妙策,以玩兵黷武為良箴,能昭利害之鄉,不失羈縻之道。遂使要服修貢,寶旅歸仁,適當多事之秋,已見太平之兆。則彼驃信實狗封之族,尚革昏迷;賊巢乃蟻聚之群,何難撲滅?佇聆大捷,永賀中興。必可驅堯舜而殿禹湯,苑五嶽而池四海,盛矣美矣,念茲在茲。臣頃者禦寇交州,董戎蜀郡,先則展馬援討除之勢,後乃設隨何說諭之機。仰托皇威,粗申將略;喜當今日,免負初心。限守藩條,不獲稱慶行在,無任賀聖戀恩欣躍屏營之至。謹奉表陳賀以聞,臣某誠抃誠躍、頓首頓首。謹言。

Your servant So-and-so speaks. Your servant has had a report from the court liaison office, saying that Liu Guangyu and the others who went into the land of the Southern Man as envoys for peace have made peace at Yunnan and are on their way back, and that they have sent in the state credentials, gold and silver, vessels, bolts of silk, aromatics and medicines, horses and the rest. The awe of heaven is shaken out afar and the star envoys come swiftly back, and a people beyond the reach of the imperial teaching, foolish without and cunning within, has fulfilled to the last the rite of bearing up its offerings and presenting its treasures. The virtue of this goes beyond ten thousand ages, and the kindness of it has already reached the four outer peoples. Your servant So-and-so truly rejoices and truly claps his hands, bowing his head to the ground, bowing his head to the ground. Your servant humbly considers that when the holy ruler took the omens and called them in, it was because he held it precious to use harmony, and that when a distant people follows the teaching, it is because it knows of itself that to break righteousness brings no good. So the matter is dealt with by the way of expedience, and the virtue of it comes of holding a fault within, and every word is answered as an echo answers, and the rite does not depart from the classics. And the Southern Man once nursed another design and grew long used to troubling the border. For several years they threw the Central Land into disorder, and by them alone the loyal care for the north was made to fail. The garrisons one after another called up troops, and all at once the labor of a southern campaign was set going. There was reason to fear that they would seize the moment of weakness, and it was hard to guard against their trust in disorder. Now the phoenix has taken the writing in its beak, and it has scarcely flown to that far land before the wolfish heart is moved by the virtue in it and follows the imperial wind forever. By this your servant sees that Your Majesty takes the ancients for your model in ruling and looks upon the people as upon your own children, that Your Majesty makes a fine plan of hiding the sickness and covering the flaw, and a good warning of toying with arms and abusing the force of war, and that Your Majesty can make plain which way profit and harm lie, and does not lose the way of holding by a loose rein. And so the far domain sets its tribute in order and the train of treasures turns back to benevolence, and just in a season of many troubles the sign of a great peace is already seen. Then that Piaoxin, who is in truth of the clan that took its fief from a dog, has still mended his own darkness and confusion. Huang Chao the bandit is a swarm gathered as ants gather. How could it be hard to strike him out? Your servant waits to hear of the great victory and to give thanks forever for the restoration. Surely Yao and Shun will be set in front and Yu and Tang behind, the Five Peaks will be made a garden and the Four Seas a pond. It is full and it is fair, and he holds this in mind and holds this in mind. Your servant in past days kept off the bandits at Jiaozhou and had charge of the troops in the commandery of Shu, and first he unfolded the stance in which Ma Yuan went out to put down the enemy, and afterward he laid the ground on which Sui He went out to persuade them. Leaning upon the awe of the emperor, he unfolded a little of a general's craft, and he is glad to meet this day and not to have betrayed his first purpose. He is bound to his duty in the frontier command and cannot offer his congratulation at your traveling palace, and he cannot bear the utmost of his thanks to the holy one, his longing for that kindness, his glad leaping and his dread. He respectfully sends up this memorial to set forth his congratulation and make it heard. Your servant So-and-so truly claps his hands and truly leaps up, bowing his head to the ground, bowing his head to the ground. Respectfully spoken.