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The heavenly rock cave天石屋戶

Kojiki (Record of Ancient Matters) 古事記 · Ō no Yasumaro · 712 (Japan, 5th year of Wadō) · 2 passages · 737 Chinese characters · reading time 2.9 min

Kojiki (Record of Ancient Matters) Upper Book The oldest surviving book in Japan. Three volumes, beginning with the opening of heaven and earth, passing through the age of the gods, and closing with Empress Suiko. One hundred and five songs are written in man'yōgana, so a whole text survives in which the Chinese characters carry sound alone and not meaning. It sets down the same events differently from the Nihon Shoki at many points, and is well worth reading beside it.

1She hides in the rock cave and comes out again

故於是天照大御神見畏,閇天石屋戶而,刺許母理坐也。尒,高天原皆暗,葦原中國悉闇,因此而常夜往。於是萬神之聲者,狹蠅那須(皆)滿,萬妖悉發。是以八百萬神,於天安之河原神集集而,高御産巢日神之子思金神,令思而,集常世長鳴鳥,令鳴而取天安河之河上之天堅石,取天金山之鐵而求鍛人天津麻羅而,科伊斯許理度賣命令作鏡,科玉祖命一令作八尺勾𤥼之五百津之御須麻流之珠而召天兒屋命、布刀玉命而内拔天香山之真男鹿之肩拔而取天香山之天之波波迦而令占合麻迦那波而,天香山之五百津真賢木矣根許士尒許士而,於上枝一取著八尺勾璁(之)五百津之御須麻流之玉;於中枝一取繋八尺鏡;於下枝一取垂白丹寸手青丹寸手而,此種種物者,布刀玉命、布刀御幣登取持而天兒屋命,布刀詔戶言,祷白而天手力男神,隱立戶掖而天宇受賣命,手次繋天香山之天之日影而為鬘(天)之真拆而手草結天香山之小竹葉而,於天之石屋戶伏汙氣而蹈登杼吕許志,為神懸而掛出胸乳,裳緒忍垂於番登也。尒,高天原動而八百萬神共咲。於是天照大御神以爲恠,細開天石屋戶而内告者:「因吾隱坐而以爲天原自闇,亦葦原中國皆闇矣,何由以天宇受賣者為樂,亦八百萬神諸咲?」尒天宇受賣白言:「益汝命而貴神坐,故歡喜咲樂。」如此言之間,天兒屋命、布刀玉命指出其鏡,示奉天照大御神之時,天照大御神逾思奇而稍自戶出而臨坐之時,其所隱立之(天)手力男神,取其御手引出。即布刀玉命,以尻久米繩,控度其御後方,白言:「從此以内,不得還入!」故天照大御神出坐之時,高天原及葦原中國,自得照明。

Then Amaterasu Ohomikami was afraid. She shut the door of the heavenly rock cave and stayed shut within — "komori." At that Takamanohara grew wholly dark and Ashihara no Nakatsukuni was in utter darkness, and because of this an endless night went on. The voices of the myriad gods filled the land like blowflies, and every kind of calamity broke out.

At this the eight hundred myriad gods gathered at the Ame no Yasu no Kawara (天安之河原) and had Omohikane no Kami (思金神), the son of Takamimusuhi no Kami, think out a plan. They gathered the long-crowing birds of Tokoyo (常世) and made them crow. They brought the hard stone of heaven from the upper reaches of the Ame no Yasugawa, took iron from the Ame no Kanayama (天金山) and sought out the smith Amatsumara (天津麻羅), set Ishikoridome no Mikoto (伊斯許理度賣命) to make a mirror, and set Tamanoya no Mikoto (玉祖命) to make a string of five hundred curved jewels eight spans long.

Then they called Ame no Koyane no Mikoto (天兒屋命) and Futodama no Mikoto (布刀玉命), pulled out whole the shoulder blade of a stag of the Ame no Kaguyama (天香山), took the hahaka (波波迦) wood of the Ame no Kaguyama, and had them divine with it.

They also pulled up by the roots a thick-leaved sakaki tree of the Ame no Kaguyama. On its upper branches they hung the string of five hundred curved jewels eight spans long, on its middle branches they tied a mirror eight spans wide, and on its lower branches they hung white paper mulberry cloth and blue hemp cloth. All these things Futodama no Mikoto held up as the great offering, and Ame no Koyane no Mikoto recited a great and solemn prayer.

Ame no Tajikarao no Kami (天手力男神) hid himself beside the door, and Ame no Uzume no Mikoto (天宇受賣命) bound the heavenly ivy of the Ame no Kaguyama over her shoulders, made a headdress of masaki vine, tied the leaves of bamboo grass of the Ame no Kaguyama in her hands, turned a tub upside down before the door of the heavenly rock cave, and trod on it until it thundered — "todorokoshi" — and danced as one possessed, baring her breasts and pushing her skirt strings down to her private parts.

At that Takamanohara shook, and the eight hundred myriad gods laughed together.

Amaterasu Ohomikami thought this strange. She opened the door of the heavenly rock cave a little and said from within, "Since I have hidden, heaven must be dark of itself, and Ashihara no Nakatsukuni must be all dark too. Why then is Ame no Uzume making merry, and why do the eight hundred myriad gods all laugh?"

Ame no Uzume said, "We rejoice and laugh and make merry because there is a god here more noble than you."

While she was speaking, Ame no Koyane no Mikoto and Futodama no Mikoto held out the mirror and showed it to Amaterasu Ohomikami. Amaterasu Ohomikami thought it stranger still, and as she came out little by little from the door to look, Ame no Tajikarao no Kami, who had hidden there, took her hand and drew her out.

At once Futodama no Mikoto drew a shimenawa rope behind her and said, "You may not go back inside this."

So when Amaterasu Ohomikami came out, Takamanohara and Ashihara no Nakatsukuni grew bright again of themselves.

Interlinear notes 16

此三字以音

These three graphs are read for their sound.

此二字以音

These two graphs are read for their sound.

訓集云都度比

集 is read tsudohi.

訓金云加屋

金 is read kaya.

麻羅二字以音

The two graphs 麻羅 are read for their sound.

自伊下六字以音

The six graphs from 伊 on are read for their sound.

布刀二字以音。下效此

The two graphs 布刀 are read for their sound. Below, all follow this.

此三字以音。木名

These three graphs are read for their sound. It is the name of a tree.

自麻下四字以音

The four graphs from 麻 on are read for their sound.

自許下五字以音

The five graphs from 許 on are read for their sound.

訓八尺云八阿多

八尺 is read yaata.

訓垂云志殿

垂 is read shide.

訓小竹云佐佐

小竹 is read sasa.

此二字以音

These two graphs are read for their sound.

此五字以音

These five graphs are read for their sound.

此二字以音

These two graphs are read for their sound.

2Susanoo is driven out and the grains come forth

於是八百萬神共議而於速須佐之男命,負千位置戶,亦切鬢及手足爪令拔而神夜良比夜良比岐。又,食物乞大氣津比賣神。尒,大氣都比賣,自鼻、口及尻,種種味物取出而,種種作具而進時,速須佐之男命立伺其態,(以)爲穢汙而奉進,乃殺其大宜津比賣神。故所殺神於身生物者:於頭生蠶,於二目生稻種,於二耳生粟,於鼻生小豆,於陰生麥,於尻生大豆。故是,神産巢日御祖命令取茲成種。

At this the eight hundred myriad gods took counsel together and laid a thousand tables of goods upon Hayasusanoo no Mikoto as his fine, cut off his beard, had the nails of his hands and feet pulled out, and drove him out with a god's driving out.

Susanoo also asked Ohogetsuhime no Kami (大氣津比賣神) for food. Ohogetsuhime brought out all manner of savory things from her nose, her mouth and her rump, and prepared them in many ways to set before him. Hayasusanoo no Mikoto stood and watched what she did, and thinking that she was offering him food she had made filthy, he killed Ohogetsuhime no Kami.

These are the things that grew from the body of the god who was killed. From her head silkworms grew, from her two eyes rice seed grew, from her two ears millet grew, from her nose red beans grew, from her private parts barley grew, and from her rump soybeans grew.

So Kamumusuhi no Mioya no Mikoto (神産巢日御祖命) had these seeds gathered.