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The land is handed over國讓

Kojiki (Record of Ancient Matters) 古事記 · Ō no Yasumaro · 712 (Japan, 5th year of Wadō) · 2 passages · 956 Chinese characters · reading time 3.8 min

Kojiki (Record of Ancient Matters) Upper Book The oldest surviving book in Japan. Three volumes, beginning with the opening of heaven and earth, passing through the age of the gods, and closing with Empress Suiko. One hundred and five songs are written in man'yōgana, so a whole text survives in which the Chinese characters carry sound alone and not meaning. It sets down the same events differently from the Nihon Shoki at many points, and is well worth reading beside it.

1Takemikazuchi comes down and there is a trial of strength

於是天照大御神詔之:「亦遣曷神者吉?」尒思金神及諸神白之:「坐天安河河上之天石屋,名伊都之尾羽張神,是可遣。若亦非此神者,其神之子建御雷之男神,此應遣。且其天尾羽張神者,逆塞上天安河之水而塞道居,故他神不得行,故別遣天迦久神可問。」故尒使天迦久神問天尾羽張神之時,答白:「恐之,仕奉。然於此道者,僕子建御雷神可遣。」乃貢進。尒天鳥船神副建御雷神而遣。是以此二神降到出雲國伊耶佐之小濱而,拔十掬釼,逆刺立于浪穗,趺坐其釼前,問其大國主神言:「天照大御神、高木神之命以,問使之:『汝之宇志波祁流葦原中國者,我御子之所知國。』言依賜,故汝心奈何?」尒答白之:「僕者不得白,我子八重言代主神,是可白。然,為鳥遊取魚而往御大之前,未還來。」故尒遣天鳥船神,徴來八重事代主神而問賜之時,語其父大神言:「恐之,此國者立奉天神之御子。」即蹈傾其船而天逆手矣,於青柴垣一打成而隱也。故尒問其大國主神:「今汝子事代主神,如此白訖,亦有可白子乎?」於是亦白之:「亦我子有建御名方神,除此者無也。」如此白之間,其建御名方神,千引石擎手末而來,言:「誰來我國而忍忍如此物言?然欲為力競,故我先欲取其御手。」故令取其御手者,即取成立冰,亦取成釼刄。故尒懼而退居。尒欲取其建御名方神之手,乞歸而取者,如取若葦,搤㧗而投離者,即逃去。故追往而迫到科野國之州羽海,將殺時,建御名方神白:「恐,莫殺我!除此地者,不行他處,亦不違我父大國主神之命,不違八重事代主神之言。此葦原中國者,隨天神御子之命獻。」

Then Amaterasu Ohomikami said, "What god would it be good to send now?"

Omohikane no Kami and the gods said, "It would be good to send Itsu no Ohabari no Kami (伊都之尾羽張神), who dwells in the heavenly rock cave at the head of Ame no Yasugawa. If it is not to be this god, then his son Takemikazuchi no O no Kami (建御雷之男神) must be sent. But that Ame no Ohabari no Kami has dammed the water of Ame no Yasugawa back upon itself and blocked the road, so no other god can pass. It would therefore be good to send Ame no Kaku no Kami (天迦久神) to ask him."

So Ame no Kaku no Kami was sent to ask Ame no Ohabari no Kami, and he answered and said, "I am filled with awe, and I will serve. But on this road it would be good to send my son Takemikazuchi no Kami." So he offered him up.

Then Ame no Torifune no Kami was sent along with Takemikazuchi no Kami.

So these two gods came down to the little shore of Izasa (伊耶佐) in the land of Izumo, drew the ten-hand sword (十拳劍), set it upside down in the crest of the waves, sat cross-legged on its point, and asked Ohokuninushi no Kami.

"We come to ask by the command of Amaterasu Ohomikami and Takagi no Kami. She entrusted it with these words, 'The Ashihara no Nakatsukuni that you 'ushihakeru' — that you rule — is the land that my child shall rule.' What then is in your heart?"

He answered and said, "I cannot answer. My son Yaekotoshironushi no Kami (八重言代主神) will answer. But he has gone to the cape of Miho to hunt birds and to fish, and he has not yet come back."

So Ame no Torifune no Kami was sent to bring Yaekotoshironushi no Kami, and when he was asked, he said to his father the great god, "I am filled with awe. This land shall be offered up to the child of the heavenly gods." At once he trod on the boat he had come in and tipped it over, clapped his hands toward heaven, turned it into a green brushwood fence, and hid inside it.

Then they asked that Ohokuninushi no Kami, "Now your son Kotoshironushi no Kami has answered in this way. Is there another son who should answer?"

Then he answered again, "There is also my son Takeminakata no Kami (建御名方神). There is no one besides him."

While he was saying this, that Takeminakata no Kami came bearing on his fingertips a rock that a thousand men would draw, and said, "Who is it that comes into our land and speaks in this way, whispering and whispering? Then let us match our strength. I will take his hand first."

So he let him take his hand, and at once it turned into an icicle, and then it turned into a sword blade. At this he was afraid and drew back.

Then he wished to take the hand of that Takeminakata no Kami, and he asked for it and took it, and he crushed it in his grip as one grips a young reed and flung it away, and Takeminakata no Kami fled at once.

So he pursued him as far as the sea of Suwa (州羽) in the land of Shinano (科野國), and when he was about to kill him, Takeminakata no Kami said, "I am filled with awe. Do not kill me. I will go nowhere but this place. I will not go against the command of my father Ohokuninushi no Kami, and I will not go against the word of Yaekotoshironushi no Kami. This Ashihara no Nakatsukuni I offer up as the child of the heavenly gods commands."

Interlinear notes 4

伊都二字以音

The two graphs 伊都 are read for their sound.

伊耶佐三字以音

The three graphs 伊耶佐 are read for their sound.

此五字以音

These five graphs are read for their sound.

訓柴云布斯

柴 is read fushi.

2Ohokuninushi gives up the land

故更且還來,問其大國主神:「汝子等事代主神、建御名方神二神者,隨天神御子之命,勿違白訖。故汝心奈何?」尒答白之:「僕子等二神隨白,僕之不違,此葦原中國者,隨命既獻也。唯僕住所者,如天神御子之天津日継所知之,登陁流天之御巢而於底津石根,宫柱布斗斯理,於高天原,氷木多迦斯理而治賜者,僕者於百不足八十坰手隱而侍。亦僕子等百八十神者,即八重事代主神,為神之御尾前而仕奉者,違神者非也。」如此之白而(乃隱也。故随白而,)於出雲國之多藝志之小濱,造天之御舍而水戶神之孫櫛八玉神,為膳夫,獻天御饗之時,祷白而櫛八玉神化鵜,入海底,咋出底之波迩,作天八十毗良迦而鎌海布之柄,作燧臼,以海蓴之柄,作燧杵而鑚出火云:「是我所燧火者,於高天原者,神産巢日御祖命之,登陁流天之新巢之凝烟之八拳垂麻弖燒擧,地下者,於底津石根燒凝而栲繩之千尋繩打莚,為釣海人之口大之尾翼鱸,佐和佐和迩控依騰而打竹之登遠遠登遠遠迩獻天之真魚咋也。」故建御雷神返參上,復奏言向和平葦原中國之状。

So he came back again and asked that Ohokuninushi no Kami, "Your two sons, Kotoshironushi no Kami and Takeminakata no Kami, have both said that they will not go against the command of the child of the heavenly gods. What then is in your heart?"

He answered and said, "As my two sons have said, so I too will not go against it. This Ashihara no Nakatsukuni I have already offered up as commanded.

Only as to the place where I dwell: if you will build it as the child of the heavenly gods rules in succession to the imperial seat, a 'todaru' — a lofty heavenly dwelling, with the pillars of the palace set 'futoshiri' — set thick into the rock roots below, and the roof beams raised 'takashiri' — raised high into Takamanohara, then I shall hide myself away beyond the eighty bends, twenty short of a hundred. And as for my children, the hundred and eighty gods, if Yaekotoshironushi no Kami stands before them and behind them and serves, there will be no god who goes against you."

He said this and hid himself away. So, as he had said, they built a heavenly dwelling on the little shore of Takishi (多藝志) in the land of Izumo, and they made Kushiyatama no Kami (櫛八玉神), the grandson of Minato no Kami (水戶神), the one in charge of the food, and when the heavenly feast was offered up, he spoke the words of prayer.

Kushiyatama no Kami turned into a cormorant, went down to the bottom of the sea, brought up the clay of the bottom in his mouth, and made eighty heavenly dishes. He cut the stems of seaweed and made a fire mortar, and from the stems of laver he made a fire drill, and as he drilled out the fire he said,

"This fire that I have drilled out — in Takamanohara it shall be burned up until the soot of the lofty new heavenly dwelling of Kamumusuhi no Mioya no Mikoto hangs down eight hands long, and below in the earth it shall be burned and hardened down to the rock roots at the bottom. A rope of paper mulberry is twisted into a net a thousand fathoms long, and the fisherman who fishes with it draws up the big-mouthed sea bass 'sawasawani' — with a splashing and a splashing, and the bent bamboo bends 'toootoooni' — bending and bending, as the true food of heaven is offered up."

So Takemikazuchi no Kami went back up and reported how he had brought round and calmed Ashihara no Nakatsukuni.

Interlinear notes 11

此三字以音。下效此

These three graphs are read for their sound. Below, all follow this.

此四字以音

These four graphs are read for their sound.

多迦斯理四字以音

The four graphs 多迦斯理 are read for their sound.

多藝志三字以音

The three graphs 多藝志 are read for their sound.

此二字以音

These two graphs are read for their sound.

此三字以音

These three graphs are read for their sound.

訓凝烟云州須

凝烟 is read susu.

麻弖二字以音

The two graphs 麻弖 are read for their sound.

訓鱸云須受岐

鱸 is read suzuki.

此五字以音

These five graphs are read for their sound.

此七字以音

These seven graphs are read for their sound.