Yetgeul › Samguk Sagi (History of the Three Kingdoms) › Annals of Silla

Pasa Isageum婆娑尼師今

Samguk Sagi (History of the Three Kingdoms) 三國史記 · Kim Busik and others · 1145 (Goryeo, 23rd year of King Injong) · 22 passages · 815 Chinese characters · reading time 3.3 min

Samguk Sagi (History of the Three Kingdoms) Annals of Silla The oldest surviving history of Korea. It is made up of the annals of Silla, Goguryeo and Baekje, together with the treatises, the tables and the biographies. Kim Busik set his own judgments here and there in passages marked as his comment, so what the compiler doubted and what he rebuked stands there still.

1Pasa Isageum ascends the throne

婆娑尼師今立,儒理王第二子也。妃金氏史省夫人,許婁葛文王之女也。初,脫解薨,臣僚欲立儒理太子逸聖。或謂:「逸聖雖嫡嗣,而威明不及婆娑。」遂立之。婆娑節儉省用而愛民,國人嘉之。

Pasa Isageum ascended the throne. He was the second son of King Yuri. His queen was Lady Saseong of the house of Kim, the daughter of Heoru Galmunwang.

At the start, when Talhae died, the officials wished to set up Ilseong, the crown prince of Yuri. Someone said, "Ilseong is indeed the eldest and the heir, but in dignity and clear judgment he does not match Pasa." So in the end Pasa was set on the throne. Pasa was sparing and plain, he cut down what was spent, and he loved the people, and the people of the country thought well of him.

Interlinear notes 1

或云:儒理弟奈老之子也。

Some say he was the son of Naro (奈老), the younger brother of Yuri.

2Second year — the granaries are opened and the prisoners looked to

二年春二月,親祀始祖廟。三月,巡撫州郡,發倉賑給,慮獄囚,非二罪悉原之。

In the second year, in spring, the second month, he sacrificed in person at the shrine of the founder. In the third month he went about the provinces and commanderies and comforted the people, and the granaries were opened and grain given out. He looked into the prisoners in the jails, and all but those held for the two great crimes were let go.

3Third year — farming and weapons are to be made ready

三年春正月,下令曰:「今倉廩空匱,戎器頑鈍,儻有水旱之災,邊鄙之警,其何以禦之?宜令有司勸農桑,練兵革,以備不虞。」

In the third year, in spring, the first month, he sent down an order. "The granaries are now empty and the weapons are blunt. If there should be a disaster of flood or drought, or an alarm on the borders, with what shall we hold them off? Let the officials be ordered to urge farming and the raising of silkworms, and to put the weapons and armor in order, so that we are ready for what we do not foresee."

4Fifth year — a year of plenty

五年春二月,以明宣爲伊飡,允良爲波珍飡。夏五月,古陁抒郡主獻靑牛。南新縣麥連歧。大有年,行者不賷糧。

In the fifth year, in spring, the second month, Myeongseon was given the rank of ichan and Yullyang the rank of pajinchan. In summer, the fifth month, the gunju of Gotaseo presented a blue ox. In Namsin county the barley grew forked ears. The harvest was very great, and travelers on the road carried no food with them.

5Sixth year — Baekje raids the border

六年春正月,百濟犯邊。二月,以吉元爲阿飡。夏四月,客星入紫微。

In the sixth year, in spring, the first month, Baekje raided the border. In the second month Gilwon was given the rank of achan. In summer, the fourth month, a guest star entered Ziwei.

6Eighth year — two fortresses are built

八年秋七月,下令曰:「朕以不德,有此國家,西鄰百濟,南接加耶,德不能綏,威不足畏。宜繕葺城壘,以待侵軼。」是月,築加召、馬頭二城。

In the eighth year, in autumn, the seventh month, he sent down an order. "I lack virtue, yet I hold this country. To the west we border Baekje and to the south we touch Gaya, but my virtue is not enough to set them at ease and my dignity is not enough to make them fear. Let the walls and ramparts be repaired and raised, so that we are ready for a raid." In that month the two fortresses of Gaso and Madu were built.

7Eleventh year — slack officials are turned out

十一年秋七月,分遣使十人廉察州郡主不勤公事、致田野多荒者,貶黜之。

In the eleventh year, in autumn, the seventh month, ten envoys were sent out in different directions to look into the lords of the provinces and commanderies. Those who were not diligent in public affairs and had let much of the fields and farmland lie waste were demoted and turned out.

8Fourteenth year — he consoles the aged

十四年,春正月,拜允良爲伊飡,啓其爲波珍飡。二月,巡幸古所夫里郡,親問高年,賜穀。冬十月京都地震。

In the fourteenth year, in spring, the first month, Yullyang was appointed ichan and Gyegi pajinchan. In the second month he went on progress to Gosoburi commandery, consoled the aged in person, and gave out grain. In winter, the tenth month, the earth shook in the capital.

9Fifteenth year — Gaya surrounds Maduseong

十五年春二月,加耶賊圍馬頭城,遣阿飡吉元將騎一千擊走之。秋八月,閱兵於閼川。

In the fifteenth year, in spring, the second month, raiders of Gaya surrounded Maduseong, so the achan Gilwon was sent with a thousand horsemen, and he struck them and drove them off. In autumn, the eighth month, the troops were reviewed at the Alcheon.

10Seventeenth year — Gaya falls upon the southern edge

十七年秋七月,暴風自南,拔金城南大樹。九月,加耶人襲南鄙,遣加城主長世拒之,爲賊所殺。王怒,率勇士五千出戰,敗之,虜獲甚多。

In the seventeenth year, in autumn, the seventh month, a violent wind came from the south and tore up a great tree south of Geumseong. In the ninth month the people of Gaya fell upon the southern edge, so Jangse, lord of Gaseong, was sent to hold them off, and he was killed by the raiders. The king was angry. He led five thousand brave men out to battle and broke them, and those taken alive were very many.

11Eighteenth year — Gaya begs pardon

十八年春正月,擧兵欲伐加耶。其國主遣使請罪,乃止。

In the eighteenth year, in spring, the first month, troops were raised to strike Gaya. The ruler of that country sent an envoy to beg pardon for his offense, and so it was stopped.

12Nineteenth year — drought

十九年夏四月,京都旱。

In the nineteenth year, in summer, the fourth month, there was drought in the capital.

13Twenty-first year — hail and an earthquake

二十一年秋七月,雨雹,飛鳥死。冬十月,京都地震,倒民屋,有死者。

In the twenty-first year, in autumn, the seventh month, hail fell and birds on the wing were killed. In winter, the tenth month, the earth shook in the capital. The houses of the people fell in, and there were deaths.

14Twenty-second year — he moves to Wolseong

二十二年春二月,築城,名月城。秋七月,王移居月城。

In the twenty-second year, in spring, the second month, a wall was built and named Wolseong (月城). In autumn, the seventh month, the king moved to Wolseong and lived there.

15Twenty-third year — King Suro settles a dispute

二十三年秋八月,音汁伐國與悉直谷國爭疆,詣王請決。王難之,謂金官國首露王年老多智識,召問之。首露立議,以所爭之地屬音汁伐國。於是王命六部會饗首露王,五部皆以伊飡爲主,唯漢祇部以位卑者主之,首露怒,命奴耽下里殺漢祇部主保齊而歸,奴逃依音汁伐主陁鄒干家。王使人索其奴,陁鄒不送,王怒,以兵伐音汁伐國,其主與衆自降。悉直、押督二國王來降。冬十月,桃李華。

In the twenty-third year, in autumn, the eighth month, the state of Eumjeupbeol and the state of Siljikgok quarreled over their boundary, and they came before the king and asked him to decide. The king found it hard, and since King Suro of the state of Geumgwan was old and knew much, he called him and asked him. Suro gave his judgment and assigned the disputed land to the state of Eumjeupbeol.

The king then ordered the six divisions to gather and feast King Suro. Five of the divisions all made a man of ichan rank the host, but Hangi division alone made a man of low rank the host. Suro was angry. He ordered his servant Tamhari to kill Boje, the head of Hangi division, and he went home. The servant fled and took shelter in the house of Tachugan, the head of Eumjeupbeol. The king sent men to seek out the servant, but Tachu would not send him back. The king was angry and struck the state of Eumjeupbeol with troops, and its ruler surrendered of himself along with his host. The rulers of the two states of Siljik and Apdok also came and surrendered.

In winter, the tenth month, the peach and the plum came into flower.

16Twenty-fifth year — Siljik rebels

二十五年春正月,衆星隕如雨,不至地。秋七月,悉直叛,發兵討平之,徙其餘衆於南鄙。

In the twenty-fifth year, in spring, the first month, a host of stars fell like rain, but they did not reach the ground. In autumn, the seventh month, Siljik rebelled, so troops were sent out and put it down, and the rest of its people were moved to the southern edge.

17Twenty-sixth year — Baekje asks for peace

二十六年春正月,百濟遣使請和。二月,京都雪三尺。

In the twenty-sixth year, in spring, the first month, Baekje sent an envoy and asked for peace. In the second month snow fell three cheok deep in the capital.

18Twenty-seventh year — Gaya is struck

二十七年春正月,幸押督,賑貧窮。三月,至自押督。秋八月,命馬頭城主伐加耶。

In the twenty-seventh year, in spring, the first month, he went to Apdok and relieved the poor and destitute. In the third month he returned from Apdok. In autumn, the eighth month, the lord of Maduseong was ordered to strike Gaya.

19Twenty-ninth year — three states are taken in

二十九年夏五月,大水。民飢,發使十道開倉賑給。遣兵伐比只國、多伐國、草八國,幷之。

In the twenty-ninth year, in summer, the fifth month, there was a great flood. The people went hungry, so envoys were sent along ten roads to open the granaries and give out grain. Troops were sent to strike the states of Biji, Dabeol, and Chopal, and they were taken in.

20Thirtieth year — the locusts are gone

三十年秋七月,蝗害穀。王遍祭山川,以祈禳之,蝗滅。有年。

In the thirtieth year, in autumn, the seventh month, locusts harmed the grain. The king sacrificed at the mountains and rivers everywhere and prayed that they be driven off. The locusts were gone, and the harvest was good.

21Thirty-second year — a gate falls

三十二年夏四月,城門自毀。自五月至秋七月不雨。

In the thirty-second year, in summer, the fourth month, a gate of the wall fell of itself. From the fifth month to the seventh month in autumn no rain fell.

22Thirty-third year — the king dies

三十三年冬十月,王薨,葬虵陵圉内。

In the thirty-third year, in winter, the tenth month, the king died, and he was buried within the grounds of Sareung.