King Aejang哀莊王
1King Aejang ascends the throne
哀莊王立。諱淸明。昭聖王太子也。母,金氏桂花夫人。即位時,年十三歳,阿飡兵部令彦昇攝政。初,元聖之薨也,唐德宗遣司封郞中兼御史中丞韋丹,持節吊慰,且冊命王俊邕爲開府儀同三司檢校太尉新羅王,丹至鄆州,聞王薨,乃還。秋七月,王更名重熙。八月,授前入唐宿衛學生梁悅豆肹小守。初,德宗幸奉天,悅從難有功,帝授右贊善大夫還之,故王擢用之。
King Aejang ascended the throne. His name was Cheongmyeong (淸明), and he was the crown prince of King Soseong. His mother was Lady Gyehwa of the Kim clan. He was thirteen years old when he ascended the throne, and so Eonseung, of the rank of achan and byeongburyeong, governed in his stead.
At first, when Wonseong died, Dezong of Tang sent Wei Dan, the sifeng langzhong and also yushi zhongcheng, bearing the tally, to condole and to comfort, and also to invest King Junong as gaebu uidong samsa (開府儀同三司), grand minister with honors equal to the three offices, geomgyo taeui (檢校太尉), acting grand commandant, and King of Silla. But Dan reached Yunzhou, heard that the king had died, and so went back.
In autumn, the seventh month, the king changed his name to Junghui (重熙). In the eighth month Yangyeol, a student who had before gone into Tang to serve in the guard, was given the post of sosu of Duhil. At first, when Dezong went out to Fengtian, Yangyeol followed him in his trouble and had merit, and the Emperor gave him the office of you zanshan dafu and sent him back; and so the king chose him and used him.
2Second year — the five shrines are fixed anew
二年,春二月,謁始祖廟。別立太宗大王、文武大王二廟。以始祖大王及王高祖明德大王、曾祖元聖大王、皇祖惠忠大王、皇考昭聖大王爲五廟。以兵部令彦昇爲御龍省私臣,未幾爲上大等。大赦。夏五月壬戌朔,日當食不食。秋九月,熒惑入月,星隕如雨。武珍州進赤烏,牛頭州進白雉。冬十月,大寒,松竹皆死。耽羅國遣使朝貢。
In the second year, in spring, the second month, the king paid his respects at the shrine of the founder. Two separate shrines were set up for King Taejong the Great and King Munmu the Great. The Great King the founder, together with the king's great-great-grandfather King Myeongdeok the Great, his great-grandfather King Wonseong the Great, his grandfather King Hyechung the Great, and his father King Soseong the Great, were made the five shrines. Eonseung the byeongburyeong was made sasin of the Eoryongseong, and not long after he was made sangdaedeung. There was a great pardon.
In summer, the fifth month, on the first day imsul, the sun should have been eclipsed and was not.
In autumn, the ninth month, Hyeonghok went into the moon, and stars fell like rain. Mujinju presented a red crow, and Uduju presented a white pheasant.
In winter, the tenth month, it was bitterly cold, and the pines and the bamboos all died. The country of Tamna sent an envoy to present tribute.
3Third year — Haeinsa is founded
三年,春正月,王親祀神宮。夏四月,以阿飡金富碧女,入後宮。秋七月,地震。八月,創加耶山海印寺,歃良州進赤烏。冬十二月,授均貞大阿飡爲假王子,欲以質倭國,均貞辭之。
In the third year, in spring, the first month, the king sacrificed in person at the Singung. In summer, the fourth month, the daughter of Kim Bubyeok the achan was brought into the rear palace.
In autumn, the seventh month, the earth shook. In the eighth month Haeinsa was founded on Mount Gaya. Samnyangju presented a red crow.
In winter, the twelfth month, Gyunjeong was given the rank of daeachan and made a prince for the time being, to be sent as a hostage to the state of Wa; but Gyunjeong declined it.
4Fourth year — envoys pass with Japan and friendship is made
四年,夏四月,王幸南郊觀麥。秋七月,與日本國,交聘結好。冬十月,地震。
In the fourth year, in summer, the fourth month, the king went out to the southern fields and looked at the barley. In autumn, the seventh month, envoys were exchanged with the country of Japan and friendship was made. In winter, the tenth month, the earth shook.
5Fifth year — Japan presents gold
五年,春正月,以伊飡秀昇爲侍中。夏五月,日本國遣使,進黄金三百兩。秋七月,大閲於閼川之上。歃良州進白鵲。重修臨海殿,新作東宮萬壽房。牛頭州蘭山縣,伏石起立。熊川州蘇大縣釜浦水變血。九月,望德寺二塔戰。
In the fifth year, in spring, the first month, Suseung, of the rank of ichan, was made sijung. In summer, the fifth month, the country of Japan sent an envoy and presented three hundred nyang of gold.
In autumn, the seventh month, there was a great review of the troops on the bank of the Alcheon. Samnyangju presented a white magpie. Imhaejeon was built anew, and Mansubang was newly raised in the eastern palace. In Nansan county of Uduju a stone that had lain flat stood up. The water of Bupo in Sodae county of Ungcheonju turned to blood.
In the ninth month the two pagodas of Mangdeoksa struck against each other.
6Sixth year — more than twenty articles of official form are promulgated
六年,春正月,封母金氏爲大王后;妃朴氏爲王后。是年,唐德宗崩,順宗遣兵部郞中兼御史大夫元季方,告哀,且冊王爲開府儀同三司,檢校太尉,使持節大都督,鷄林州諸軍事,鷄林州刺史兼,持節充寧海軍使,上柱國新羅王。其母叔氏爲大妃,妻朴氏爲妃。秋八月,頒示公式二十餘條。冬十一月,地震。
In the sixth year, in spring, the first month, the king's mother of the Kim clan was invested as Great Queen, and his consort of the Bak clan as Queen.
In this year Dezong of Tang died, and Shunzong sent Yuan Jifang, the bingbu langzhong and also yushi dafu, to announce the death. He also invested the king as grand minister with honors equal to the three offices, acting grand commandant, bearing the tally as grand governor, in charge of all military affairs of Gyerimju, prefect of Gyerimju, and also bearing the tally as commissioner of the Ninghai army, Pillar of State and King of Silla. The king's mother of the Suk clan was made Grand Consort, and his wife of the Bak clan was made queen.
In autumn, the eighth month, more than twenty articles of official form were promulgated and shown. In winter, the eleventh month, the earth shook.
Interlinear notes 1
王母父叔明,奈勿王十三世孫,則母姓金氏,以父名爲叔氏,誤也。
The father of the king's mother was Sungmyeong, a descendant of King Naemul in the thirteenth generation. Her surname was therefore Kim, and to take Suk from her father's name and make it her surname is a mistake.
7Seventh year — the founding of new temples is forbidden
七年,春三月,日本國使至,引見朝元殿。下敎:禁新創佛寺,唯許修葺。又禁以錦繡爲佛事,金銀爲器用,宜令所司,普告施行。唐憲宗,放宿衛王子金獻忠歸國,仍加試秘書監。秋八月,遣使入唐朝貢。
In the seventh year, in spring, the third month, an envoy from the country of Japan arrived, and the king received him at Joweonjeon.
An edict was handed down forbidding the founding of new Buddhist temples and allowing only repair and mending. It also forbade the using of brocade and embroidery for the service of the Buddha and the making of vessels out of gold and silver, and the offices concerned were to make this widely known and carry it out.
Xianzong of Tang let Kim Heonchung, the prince who had been serving in the guard, go back to his country, and further gave him the office of shi mishu jian. In autumn, the eighth month, an envoy was sent into Tang to present tribute.
8Eighth year — he watches the music at Sungnyejeon
八年,春正月,伊飡金憲昌爲侍中。二月,王坐崇禮殿觀樂。秋八月,大雪。
In the eighth year, in spring, the first month, Kim Heonchang the ichan was made sijung. In the second month the king sat in Sungnyejeon and watched the music. In autumn, the eighth month, heavy snow fell.
Interlinear notes 1
一作貞。
The chang (昌) in Kim Heonchang the ichan is also written jeong (貞).
9Ninth year — Kim Yeokgi brings back the letter of investiture
九年,春二月,日本國使至,王厚禮待之。遣金力奇入唐朝貢。力奇上言:「貞元十六年,詔冊臣故主金俊邕爲新羅王,母申氏爲大妃,妻叔氏爲王妃,冊使韋丹至中路,聞王薨却廻,其冊在中書省,今臣還國,伏請授臣以歸。」勅:「金俊邕等冊,宜令鴻臚寺,於中書省受領,至寺宣授與金力奇,令奉歸國。」仍賜王叔彦昇及其弟忠恭等門戟,令本國准例給之。發使十二道,分定諸郡邑疆境。秋七月辛巳朔,日有食之。
In the ninth year, in spring, the second month, an envoy from the country of Japan arrived, and the king treated him with deep courtesy. Kim Yeokgi was sent into Tang to present tribute. Yeokgi reported to the Emperor.
"In the sixteenth year of Zhenyuan, by edict my late lord Kim Junong was invested as King of Silla, his mother of the Sin clan as Grand Consort, and his wife of the Suk clan as Queen. But Wei Dan, the envoy of investiture, reached the middle of the road, heard that the king had died, and turned back, and so that letter of investiture is in the zhongshusheng. Now that I am going back to my country, I bow down and beg that it be given to me to carry home."
An edict was made. "The letters of investiture for Kim Junong and the rest are to be received by the honglusi (鴻臚寺), the Court of State Ceremonial, from the zhongshusheng, and when they come to the honglusi they are to be handed over to Kim Yeokgi, that he may bear them back to his country."
Gate halberds were also bestowed on Eonseung, the king's uncle, and on his younger brother Chunggong and the rest, and his own country was ordered to give them according to the rule. Envoys were sent out along twelve roads, and the boundaries of the lands of the various districts and towns were divided and fixed. In autumn, the seventh month, on the first day sinsa, the sun was eclipsed.
Interlinear notes 1
申氏,金神述之女,以神字同韻,申爲氏,誤也。
The lady of the Sin clan (申氏) was the daughter of Kim Sinsul. To take sin (申) for her surname because it has the same rhyme as the character sin (神) is a mistake.
10Tenth year — King Aejang is killed
十年,春正月,月犯畢。夏六月,西兄山城鹽庫鳴,聲如牛。碧寺蝦蟆食蛇。秋七月,遣大阿飡金陸珍,入唐謝恩兼進奉方物。大旱。王叔父彦昇與弟伊飡悌邕,將兵入内,作亂弑王,王弟體明侍衛王,并害之。追諡王爲哀莊。
In the tenth year, in spring, the first month, the moon trespassed on Pilseong.
In summer, the sixth month, the salt storehouse of Seohyeongsanseong cried out, and the sound was like an ox. At Byeoksa a toad ate a snake.
In autumn, the seventh month, Kim Yukjin the daeachan was sent into Tang to give thanks for favour and to present the products of that land. There was a great drought.
Eonseung, the king's uncle, and his younger brother Je-ong the ichan led troops into the palace, raised a revolt, and killed the king. Chemyeong, the king's younger brother, was attending and guarding the king, and he was killed with him. The king was given after his death the posthumous name Aejang (哀莊).