Appreciation and Praise世説新語 賞譽第八

汝南先賢傳曰：「周乘字子居，汝南安城人。天姿聰朗，高峙嶽立，非陳仲舉、黃叔度之儔則不交也。仲舉嘗歎曰：『周子居者，真治國之器也。』為太山太守，甚有惠政。」

The Runan xianxian zhuan says, "Zhou Cheng's courtesy name was Ziju; he was a man of Ancheng in Runan. His Heaven-given gifts were bright and clear, and he stood up high like a mountain range. He made no friends except among the likes of Chen Zhongju and Huang Shudu. Zhongju once sighed and said, 'One called Zhou Ziju is truly a vessel for governing a state.' He became Governor of Taishan and his rule was full of kindness."

吳越春秋曰：「吳王闔閭請干將作劍。干將者，吳人，其妻曰莫邪。干將采五山之精，六金之英，候天地，伺陰陽，百神臨視，而金鐵之精未流。夫妻乃翦髮及爪而投之鑪中，金鐵乃濡，遂成二劍。陽曰『干將』，而作龜文，陰曰『莫邪』，而作漫理。干將匿其陽，出其陰以獻闔閭，闔閭甚寶重之。」

The Wu Yue chunqiu says, "Helü, king of Wu, asked Ganjiang to make him a sword. Ganjiang was a man of Wu, and his wife was called Moye. Ganjiang gathered the finest of the five mountains and the flower of the six metals. He watched heaven and earth and spied out the yin and the yang, and the hundred spirits came down to look on, and still the fine part of the metal would not flow. Husband and wife then cut off their hair and their nails and threw them into the furnace, and the metal melted at last and two swords were made. The yang one was called Ganjiang, and it was marked with a tortoise pattern; the yin one was called Moye, and it was marked with rippling lines. Ganjiang hid the yang sword and brought out the yin one to present to Helü, and Helü held it very dear and weighty."

李氏家傳曰：「膺嶽峙淵清，峻貌貴重。華夏稱曰：『潁川李府君，頵頵如玉山。汝南陳仲舉，軒軒若千里馬。南陽朱公叔，飂飂如行松柏之下。』」

The Lishi jiazhuan says, "Ying stood up like a peak and was clear like a deep pool, and his stern look was noble and weighty. The central land praised him, saying, 'Governor Li of Yingchuan is towering, like a mountain of jade. Chen Zhongju of Runan is spirited, like a horse that runs a thousand li. Zhu Gongshu of Nanyang is fresh, like one walking beneath pine and cypress.'"

汝南先賢傳曰：「謝甄字子微，汝南邵陵人。明識人倫，雖郭林宗不及甄之鑒也。見許子將兄弟弱冠時，則曰：『平輿之淵有二龍。』仕為豫章從事。許虔字子政，平輿人。體尚高潔，雅正寬亮，謝子微見虔兄弟歎曰：『若許子政者，榦國之器也。』虔弟劭，聲未發時，時人以謂不如虔。虔恆撫髀稱劭，自以為不及也。釋褐為郡功曹，黜姦廢惡，一郡肅然。年三十五卒。」海內先賢傳曰：「許劭字子將，虔弟也。山峙淵停，行應規表。邵陵謝子微高才遠識，見劭十歲時，歎曰：『此乃希世之偉人也。』初，劭拔樊子昭於市肆，出虞承賢於客舍，召李叔才於無聞，擢郭子瑜於小吏。廣陵徐孟本來臨汝南，聞劭高名，召功曹。時袁紹以公族為濮陽長，棄官還，副車從騎，將入郡界，乃歎曰：『許子將秉持清格，豈可以吾輿服見之邪？』遂單馬而歸。辟公府掾，敦辟皆不就。避地江南，卒於豫章也。」

The Runan xianxian zhuan says, "Xie Zhen's courtesy name was Ziwei; he was a man of Shaoling in Runan. He knew the ranks of men clearly, and even Guo Linzong did not come up to Zhen's discernment. Seeing the Xu Zijiang brothers when they were twenty, he said, 'In the deep pool of Pingyu there are two dragons.' He served as attendant clerk of Yuzhang. Xu Qian's courtesy name was Zizheng; he was a man of Pingyu. He prized a high and clean bearing, and was elegant, upright, generous and clear. Xie Ziwei saw the Qian brothers and sighed, 'One like Xu Zizheng is a vessel that can be the trunk of a state.' Before Qian's younger brother Shao had made a name, the men of that time held him less than Qian. Qian always slapped his thigh in praise of Shao and said he himself did not come up to him. Shao put off his hempen clothes and became merit officer of the commandery, driving out the crooked and doing away with the evil, and the whole commandery was in awe. He died at thirty-five." The Hainei xianxian zhuan says, "Xu Shao's courtesy name was Zijiang; he was Qian's younger brother. He stood like a mountain and was still like a deep pool, and his conduct answered to the measure. Xie Ziwei of Shaoling, with his high talent and far sight, saw Shao when he was ten and sighed, 'This is a great man rare in the age.' At the first Shao raised up Fan Zizhao from the market stalls, brought out Yu Chengxian from a traveler's lodge, called Li Shucai out of obscurity, and drew up Guo Ziyu from a petty clerkship. When Xu Mengben of Guangling came to govern Runan, he heard Shao's high name and called him to be merit officer. At that time Yuan Shao, as a man of a ducal house, was magistrate of Puyang; he threw up his office and was coming home, and as he was about to enter the borders of the commandery with his attendant carriages and mounted followers, he sighed and said, 'Xu Zijiang holds fast to a pure standard. How can I let him see me with these carriages and robes?' So he went home on a single horse. He was summoned as a clerk of the ducal office and pressed earnestly, but he went to none of these posts. He fled the troubles to the south of the river and died in Yuzhang."

張璠漢紀曰：「范滂字孟博，汝南伊陽人。為功曹，辟公府掾。升車攬轡，有澄清天下之志。百城聞滂高名，皆解印綬去。為黨事見誅。」

Zhang Fan's Han ji says, "Fan Pang's courtesy name was Mengbo; he was a man of Yiyang in Runan. He became merit officer and was summoned as a clerk of the ducal office. When he mounted his carriage and took up the reins, he had the purpose of making the world clear. A hundred cities heard Pang's high name and all untied their seal ribbons and left. He was put to death over the affair of the factions."

魏書曰：「度字叔濟，襄平人。累遷冀州刺史、遼東太守。」邴原別傳曰：「原字根矩，東管朱虛人。少孤，數歲時過書舍而泣。師問曰：『童子何泣也？』原曰：『凡得學者，有親也。一則願其不孤，二則羡其得學，中心感傷，故泣耳。』師惻然曰：『苟欲學，不須資也。』於是就業。長則博覽洽聞，金玉其行。知世將亂，避地遼東。公孫度厚禮之。中國既寧，欲還鄉里，為度禁絕。原密自治嚴，謂部落曰：『移比近郡，以觀其意。』皆曰：『樂移。』原舊有捕魚大船，請村落，皆令熟醉，因夜去之。數日，度乃覺，吏欲追之。度曰：『邴君所謂雲中白鶴，非鶉鷃之網所能羅也。』魏王辟祭酒，累遷五官中郎長史。」

The Wei shu says, "Du's courtesy name was Shuji; he was a man of Xiangping. Through a succession of posts he became Inspector of Jizhou and Governor of Liaodong." The Bing Yuan biezhuan says, "Yuan's courtesy name was Genju; he was a man of Zhuxu in Dongguan. He lost his father young, and when he was a few years old he passed a schoolhouse and wept. The teacher asked, 'Child, why do you weep?' Yuan said, 'All who get to study have parents. First, I wish that they were not orphaned; second, I envy them their learning. My heart was moved and hurt, and so I wept.' The teacher was touched and said, 'If you truly wish to study, you need no fee.' So he took up his studies. When he grew up he had looked widely and heard much, and his conduct was gold and jade. Knowing that the age was about to fall into disorder, he fled the troubles to Liaodong. Gongsun Du treated him with rich courtesy. When the central land was at peace again he wished to go back to his village, but Du forbade it. Yuan quietly made ready by himself and said to the settlement, 'Let us move to a nearer commandery and see what he intends.' All said, 'We are glad to move.' Yuan had long had a big fishing boat. He invited the village and had them all drink until they were drunk, and by that means he left in the night. After some days Du noticed it, and the clerks wished to give chase. Du said, 'Master Bing is what men call a white crane among the clouds. He is not to be caught in a net for quails.' The king of Wei summoned him as libationer, and through a succession of posts he became senior clerk to the General of the Household for All Purposes."

王隱晉書曰：「戎少清明曉悟。」

Wang Yin's Jin shu says, "Rong in his youth was clear and bright and quick to understand."

裴頠已見。

Pei Wei has already appeared.

按諸書皆云：鍾會薦裴楷、王戎於晉文王，文王辟以為掾，不聞為吏部郎。

Note: all the books say that Zhong Hui recommended Pei Kai and Wang Rong to King Wen of Jin, and that King Wen summoned them and made them his clerks. There is no word of his becoming gentleman of the Board of Personnel.

晉陽秋曰：「戎為兒童，鍾會異之。」

The Jin yangqiu says, "When Rong was a child, Zhong Hui thought him out of the common."

虞預晉書曰：「秀字季彥，河東聞喜人。父潛，魏太常。秀有風操，八歲能著文。叔父徽，有聲名。秀年十餘歲，有賓客詣徽，出則過秀。時人為之語曰：『後進領袖有裴秀。』大將軍辟為掾。父終，推財與兄。年二十五，遷黃門侍郎。晉受禪，封鉅鹿公。後累遷左光祿、司空。四十八薨，謚元公，配食宗廟。」

Yu Yu's Jin shu says, "Xiu's courtesy name was Jiyan; he was a man of Wenxi in Hedong. His father Qian was Chamberlain for Ceremonials under Wei. Xiu had bearing and principle, and at eight he could compose writing. His uncle Hui had voice and name. When Xiu was a little over ten, guests who called on Hui would stop by Xiu on their way out. The men of that time said of this, 'The leader of those who will come forward is Pei Xiu.' The General-in-Chief summoned him as his clerk. When his father died he pushed the property over to his elder brother. At twenty-five he moved to be gentleman attendant at the Yellow Gate. When Jin received the abdication he was enfeoffed as duke of Julu. Later, through a succession of posts, he became Left Grand Master of Splendid Happiness and Minister of Works. He died at forty-eight; his posthumous title was Duke Yuan, and he was given sacrifice in the ancestral temple."

禮記曰：「周豐謂魯哀公曰：『宗廟社稷之中，未施敬而民自敬。』」

The Liji says, "Zhou Feng said to Duke Ai of Lu, 'In the midst of the ancestral temple and the altars of soil and grain, reverence is not applied and yet the people revere of themselves.'"

玄、會、嘏、濤，並已見上。

Xiahou Xuan, Zhong Hui, Fu Gu and Shan Tao have all appeared above.

晉諸公贊曰：「奕字泰業，太原陽曲人。累世舊族。奕有才望，歷雍州刺史、尚書。

The Jin zhugong zan says, "Yi's courtesy name was Taiye; he was a man of Yangqu in Taiyuan. His was an old family of many generations. Yi had talent and repute, and served as Inspector of Yongzhou and as imperial secretary."

顧愷之畫贊曰：「濤無所標明，淳深淵默，人莫見其際，而其器亦入道。故見者莫能稱謂，而服其偉量。」

Gu Kaizhi's Huazan says, "Tao set nothing forth to be seen. He was pure and deep and silent as a pool, and no man saw his limits, yet his capacity too had entered the Way. Therefore those who saw him could find no name to call him by, and still they bowed to his great measure."

羊氏譜曰：「繇字堪甫，太山人。祖續，漢太尉，不拜。父祕，京兆太守。繇歷車騎掾，娶樂國禎女，生五子：乘、洽、式、亮、悅也。」

The Yangshi pu says, "Yao's courtesy name was Kanfu; he was a man of Taishan. His grandfather Xu was Grand Commandant under Han but did not take up the appointment. His father Mi was Governor of Jingzhao. Yao served as clerk to the General of Chariots and Cavalry. He took to wife the daughter of Yue Guozhen, and she bore five sons: Cheng, Qia, Shi, Liang and Yue."

名士傳曰：「咸字仲容，陳留人，籍兄子也。任達不拘，當世皆怪其所為。及與之處，少嗜欲，哀樂至到，過絕於人，然後皆忘其向議。為散騎侍郎。山濤舉為吏部，武帝不用。太原郭奕見之心醉，不覺歎服。解音，好酒以卒。」山濤啟事曰：「吏部郎史曜出處缺，當選。濤薦咸曰：『真素寡欲，深識清濁，萬物不能移也。若在官人之職，必妙絕於時。』詔用陸亮。」晉陽秋曰：「咸行已多違禮度。濤舉以為吏部郎，世祖不許。」竹林七賢論曰：「山濤之舉阮咸，固知上不能用，蓋惜曠世之俊，莫識其真故耳。夫以咸之所犯，方外之意，稱其清真寡欲，則跡外之意自見耳。」

The Mingshi zhuan says, "Xian's courtesy name was Zhongrong; he was a man of Chenliu, the son of Ji's elder brother. He was free and unbound, and the whole age thought what he did strange. Yet when men lived beside him, he had few appetites and desires, and his grief and his joy came to their utmost and went beyond other men; and after that all forgot what they had said before. He became gentleman-in-attendance of the cavalier escort. Shan Tao put him forward for the Board of Personnel, but Emperor Wu did not use him. Guo Yi of Taiyuan saw him and was drunk at heart, and sighed and bowed to him without knowing it. He understood music, and he died in his love of wine." The Shan gong qishi says, "Shi Yao, gentleman of the Board of Personnel, went out and the post fell vacant, and a choice had to be made. Tao put Xian forward, saying, 'He is true and plain and has few desires, and he knows the pure from the muddy deeply; the ten thousand things cannot move him. If he were in an office over men, he would surely be marvelous beyond his age.' By edict Lu Liang was used." The Jin yangqiu says, "Xian in his conduct went often against the measure of rite. Tao put him forward to be gentleman of the Board of Personnel, but Shizu did not allow it." The Zhulin qixian lun says, "When Shan Tao put Ruan Xian forward, he knew well that those above could not use him. It was only that he grudged that a man of surpassing excellence in the age should be known by none for what he truly was. Now by what Xian offended in, his was an intent outside the bounds, and in praising him as pure and true and of few desires, the intent beyond the traces shows itself."

杜篤新書曰：「阮武字文業，陳留尉氏人。父諶，侍中。武闊達博通，淵雅之士。」陳留志曰：「武，魏末河清太守。族子籍，年總角未知名，武見而偉之，以為勝己。知人多此類。著書十八篇，謂之阮子，終於家。」郭泰友人宋子俊稱泰：「自漢元以來，未有林宗之匹。」

Du Du's Xinshu says, "Ruan Wu's courtesy name was Wenye; he was a man of Weishi in Chenliu. His father Chen was palace attendant. Wu was open and thorough and widely versed, a deep and elegant gentleman." The Chenliu zhi says, "Wu was Governor of Heqing at the end of Wei. His clansman's son Ji, a boy with his hair still in tufts, was not yet known by name, and Wu saw him and thought him a great man and held him better than himself. His knowing of men was often of this kind. He wrote a book in eighteen chapters, called the Ruanzi, and he ended his days at home." Song Zijun, a friend of Guo Tai, praised Tai: "Since Emperor Yuan of Han there has been no match for Linzong."

虞預晉書曰：「武陔字元夏，沛國竹邑人。父周，魏光祿大夫。陔及二弟歆、茂皆總角見稱，並有品望，鄉人諸父，未能覺其多少。時同郡劉公榮名知人，嘗造周，周見其三子。公榮曰：『君三子皆國士。元夏器量最優，有輔佐之風，力仕宦，可為亞公。叔夏、季夏不減常伯納言也。』陔至左僕射。」

Yu Yu's Jin shu says, "Wu Gai's courtesy name was Yuanxia; he was a man of Zhuyi in Peiguo. His father Zhou was Grand Master of Splendid Happiness under Wei. Gai and his two younger brothers Xin and Mao were all praised while their hair was still in tufts, and all had standing and repute, and the villagers and the elders could not tell which of them was the more and which the less. At that time Liu Gongrong of the same commandery was known for knowing men, and he once called on Zhou, and Zhou showed him his three sons. Gongrong said, 'Your three sons are all gentlemen of the realm. Yuanxia's capacity and measure are the best, and he has the air of one who supports and assists; if he works hard in office he may be next after the ducal ministers. Shuxia and Jixia will not fall short of the high officers at the ruler's side either.' Gai rose to be Left Vice Director."

晉諸公贊曰：「嶠常慕其舅夏侯玄為人，故於朝士中峨然不群，時類憚其風節。」

The Jin zhugong zan says, "Qiao always longed after the man his mother's brother Xiahou Xuan had been, and so among the officers of the court he stood out alone, apart from the crowd, and the men of that time were wary of his bearing and his principle."

名士傳曰：「夷甫天形奇特，明秀若神。」八王故事曰：「石勒見夷甫，謂長史孔萇曰：『吾行天下多矣！未嘗見如此人，當可活不？』萇曰：『彼晉三公，不為我用。』勒曰：『雖然，要不可加以鋒刃也。』夜使推牆殺之。」

The Mingshi zhuan says, "Yifu's Heaven-given form was rare and out of the common, and his brightness and beauty were like a god's." The Bawang gushi says, "Shi Le saw Yifu and said to his senior clerk Kong Chang, 'I have traveled much of the world, and I have never yet seen such a man as this. May he be let live?' Chang said, 'That man is one of the three dukes of Jin. He will not be used by us.' Le said, 'Even so, in short, no blade may be laid on him.' In the night he had a wall pushed over on him and killed him."

鄧粲晉紀曰：「王湛字處沖，太原人。隱德，人莫之知，雖兄弟宗族，亦以為癡，唯父昶異焉。昶喪，居墓次，兄子濟往省湛，見床頭有周易，謂湛曰：『叔父用此何為？頗曾看不？』湛笑曰：『體中佳時，脫復看耳。今日當與汝言。』因共談易。剖析入微，妙言奇趣，濟所未聞，歎不能測。濟性好馬，而所乘馬駿駛，意甚愛之。湛曰：『此雖小駛，然力薄不堪苦。近見督郵馬，當勝此，但養不至耳。』濟取督郵馬穀食十數日，與湛試之。湛未嘗乘馬，卒然便馳騁，步驟不異於濟，而馬不相勝。湛曰：『今直行車路，何以別馬勝不？唯當就蟻封耳！』於是就蟻封盤馬，果倒踣，其俊識天才乃爾。」

Deng Can's Jin ji says, "Wang Zhan's courtesy name was Chuchong; he was a man of Taiyuan. He hid his virtue and no man knew him, and even his brothers and his kin took him for a fool; only his father Chang thought him out of the common. At Chang's death he lived beside the grave, and his elder brother's son Ji went to look in on Zhan. Seeing a Zhouyi at the head of his couch, he said to Zhan, 'What does my uncle do with this? Have you ever looked into it at all?' Zhan laughed and said, 'When my body is well I take it up and look at it again, that is all. Today I shall talk with you.' So they talked of the Yi together. He split it open and went into what was subtle, and his marvelous words and rare turns were such as Ji had never heard, and Ji sighed and could not fathom him. Ji by nature loved horses, and the horse he rode was fine and swift, and he was very fond of it. Zhan said, 'This one is a little swift, but its strength is thin and it cannot bear hardship. I saw the postal inspector's horse lately; it should be better than this, only it has not been fed up.' Ji took the postal inspector's horse and fed it grain for a dozen days and tried it against Zhan. Zhan had never ridden a horse, yet all at once he galloped off, and in walk and in gallop he was no different from Ji, and neither horse got the better of the other. Zhan said, 'We are running straight along the carriage road. How shall we tell which horse is better? We must go to the anthills.' So they wheeled the horses at the anthills, and sure enough the other fell headlong. Such were his excellent discernment and his Heaven-given gift."

晉陽秋曰：「濟有人倫鑒識，其雅俗是非，少有優潤。見湛，歎服其德宇。時人謂湛：『上方山濤不足，下比魏舒有餘。』湛聞之曰：『欲以我處季孟之間乎？』」王隱晉書曰：「魏舒字陽元，任城人。幼孤，為外氏甯家所養。甯氏起宅，相者曰：『當出貴甥。』外祖母意以盛氏甥小而惠，謂應相也。舒曰：『當為外氏成此宅相。』少名遲鈍。叔父衡使守水碓，每言：『舒堪八百戶長，我願畢矣。』舒不以介意。身長八尺二寸，不修常人近事。少工射，箸韋衣入山澤，每獵大獲。為後將軍鍾毓長史，毓與參佐射戲，舒常為坐畫籌。後值朋人少，以舒充數，於是發無不中，加博措閑雅，殆盡其妙。毓歎謝之曰：『吾之不足，盡卿如此射矣！』轉相國參軍。晉王每朝罷，目送之曰：『魏舒堂堂，人之領袖！』累遷侍中、司徒。」

The Jin yangqiu says, "Ji had the eye to judge the ranks of men, and in what was elegant or vulgar, right or wrong, he left little room to soften it. When he saw Zhan he sighed and bowed to the compass of his virtue. The men of that time said of Zhan, 'Set him above beside Shan Tao and he falls short; set him below beside Wei Shu and he has something over.' Zhan heard it and said, 'Do they mean to put me between Ji and Meng?'" Wang Yin's Jin shu says, "Wei Shu's courtesy name was Yangyuan; he was a man of Rencheng. He lost his father young and was brought up in the house of his mother's people, the Ning. When the Ning were raising a house, the physiognomist said, 'A noble sister's son must come out of this.' His grandmother thought in her heart that the Sheng family's nephew was young and clever and that the reading must fit him. Shu said, 'I shall be the one to make good this house's reading for my mother's people.' In his youth he had the name of being slow and dull. His uncle Heng set him to watch the water mill, and always said, 'Shu is fit to be head of eight hundred households; my hope is fulfilled.' Shu did not take it to heart. He was eight chi two cun tall, and he did not busy himself with the near affairs of ordinary men. In his youth he was skilled at archery, and when he put on leather clothes and went into the hills and marshes, he took much game every time he hunted. He became senior clerk to Zhong Yu, General of the Rear. When Yu played at archery with his staff, Shu would always sit and mark the tallies. Later, when there happened to be too few on a side, they filled the number with Shu, and then not a shot of his missed, and his manner besides was easy and elegant, so that he all but exhausted the marvel of it. Yu sighed and said to him in apology, 'I fell short, and never knew all of you, that you could shoot like this.' He moved to be adjutant to the chancellor. Whenever the king of Jin broke off court, he would follow him with his eyes and say, 'Wei Shu is stately; he is the leader of men.' Through a succession of posts he became palace attendant and Minister over the Masses."

惠帝起居注曰：「頠理甚淵博，贍於論難。」

The Huidi qijuzhu says, "Wei's reasoning was very deep and broad, and he was rich in argument and rebuttal."

褚氏家傳曰：「陶字季雅，吳郡錢塘人，褚先生後也。陶聰惠絕倫，年三十，作鷗鳥、水磑二賦。宛陵嚴仲弼見而奇之曰：『褚先生復出矣！』弱不好弄，清談閑默，以墳、典自娛。語所親曰：『聖賢備在黃卷中，舍此何求？』州郡辟不就。吳歸命世祖，補臺郎、建忠校尉。司空張華與陶書曰：『二陸龍躍於江、漢，彥先鳳鳴於朝陽，自此以來，常恐南金已盡，而復得之於吾子！故知延州之德不孤，淵、岱之寶不匱。』仕至中尉。」

The Chushi jiazhuan says, "Tao's courtesy name was Jiya; he was a man of Qiantang in Wu commandery, a descendant of Master Chu. Tao's brightness and wit were beyond all his fellows, and at thirty he made two fu, on the gull and on the water mill. Yan Zhongbi of Wanling saw them and thought them rare, and said, 'Master Chu has come out again.' As a boy he did not care for play, and with pure talk and quiet stillness he took his pleasure in the old books. He said to those close to him, 'The sages and the worthies are all there in the yellow scrolls. What should I seek besides?' The province and the commandery summoned him and he did not go. When Wu gave up its life to Shizu, he was appointed gentleman of the terrace and colonel of Establishing Loyalty. Zhang Hua, Minister of Works, wrote to Tao and said, 'The two Lu leap like dragons in the Jiang and the Han, and Yanxian cries like a phoenix in the morning sun. Ever since, I have feared that the gold of the south was used up, and now I have found it again in you. So I know that the virtue of Yanzhou is not left alone, and that the treasure of the deep pools and of Mount Dai is not run dry.' His office reached Commandant of the Center."

秀才，蔡洪也。集載洪與刺史周俊書曰：「一日侍坐，言及吳士，詢于芻蕘，遂見下問。造次承顏，載辭不舉，敕令條列名狀，退輒思之。今稱疏所知：吳展字士季，下邳人。忠足矯非，清足厲俗，信可結神，才堪榦世。仕吳為廣州刺史、吳郡太守。吳平，還下邳，閉門自守，不交賓客。誠聖王之老成，明時之俊乂也。朱誕字永長，吳郡人。體履清和，黃中通理。吳朝舉賢良，累遷議郎，今歸在家。誠理物之至德，清選之高望也。嚴隱字仲弼，吳郡人。稟氣清純，思度淵偉。吳朝舉賢良，宛陵令。吳平，去職。九皋之鳴鶴，空谷之白駒也。張暢字威伯，吳郡人。稟性堅明，志行清朗，居磨涅之中，無淄磷之損。歲寒之松柏，幽夜之逸光也。」陸雲別傳曰：「雲字士龍，吳大司馬抗之第五子，機同母之弟也。儒雅有俊才，容貌瑰偉，口敏能談，博聞彊記。善著述，六歲便能賦詩，時人以為項託、揚烏之儔也。年十八，刺史周俊命為主簿。俊常歎曰：『陸士龍當今之顏淵也！』累遷太子舍人、清河內史。為成都王所害。」

The flourishing talent is Cai Hong. His collected works carry Hong's letter to the Inspector Zhou Jun, which says, "One day as I sat in attendance the talk came round to the gentlemen of Wu, and you asked the grass-cutters and the wood-gatherers, and so the question came down to me. Meeting your face on a sudden, I could not bring my words up to it, and as you ordered me to set out their names and their qualities item by item, I withdrew and thought it over. Now I set down roughly what I know. Wu Zhan, courtesy name Shiji, is a man of Xiapi. His faithfulness is enough to straighten what is wrong and his purity enough to file the customs; his good faith may bind the spirits, and his talent is fit to order the age. In Wu he served as Inspector of Guangzhou and Governor of Wu commandery. When Wu was brought to peace he went back to Xiapi, shut his gate and kept to himself, and holds no company with guests. He is truly the ripe maturity of a sage king, the outstanding man of a bright age. Zhu Dan, courtesy name Yongchang, is a man of Wu commandery. His bearing and conduct are pure and harmonious, and within the yellow the reason runs through. The court of Wu raised him up as worthy and good, and through a succession of posts he became a counselling gentleman; now he has gone home and is at his house. He is truly the utmost virtue that orders things, the high repute of a pure choice. Yan Yin, courtesy name Zhongbi, is a man of Wu commandery. The breath he received is pure and unmixed, and the measure of his thought is deep and great. The court of Wu raised him up as worthy and good, and he was magistrate of Wanling; when Wu was brought to peace he left his post. He is the crane crying in the ninefold marsh, the white colt of the empty valley. Zhang Chang, courtesy name Weibo, is a man of Wu commandery. The nature he received is firm and bright, and his purpose and his conduct are pure and clear; set him amid grinding and dyeing and he takes no loss by wearing thin or turning black. He is the pine and the cypress in the cold of the year, the free light in the deep of night." The Lu Yun biezhuan says, "Yun's courtesy name was Shilong; he was the fifth son of Lu Kang, Grand Marshal of Wu, and Ji's younger brother by the same mother. He was learned and elegant and had outstanding talent; his looks were great and fine, his mouth was quick and he could talk, and he heard widely and remembered firmly. He was good at writing, and at six he could already make poems, so that the men of that time held him one with Xiang Tuo and Yang Wu. At eighteen the Inspector Zhou Jun ordered him to be Recorder. Jun often sighed and said, 'Lu Shilong is the Yan Hui of our day.' Through a succession of posts he became attendant gentleman to the crown prince and administrator of Qinghe. He was done to death by the prince of Chengdu."

按蔡所論士十六人，無陸機兄弟，又無「凡此諸君」以下，疑益之。

Note: among the sixteen gentlemen Cai discusses there are no Lu brothers, and there is nothing from "All these gentlemen" on. It is likely an addition.

顧愷之畫贊曰：「濤有而不恃，皆此類也。」

Gu Kaizhi's Huazan says, "Tao had it and did not lean on it. All such things are of this kind."

晉諸公贊曰：「粹，沛國人。歷侍中、南中郎將。宏，歷秘書監、光祿大夫。」晉後略曰：「漠少以清識為名，與王夷甫友善，並好以人倫為意，故世人許以才智之名。自相國右長史出為襄州刺史。以貴簡稱。」按劉氏譜：劉邠妻，武周女，生粹、宏、漠。非王氏甥。

The Jin zhugong zan says, "Cui was a man of Peiguo. He served as palace attendant and as General of the Household of the South. Hong served as director of the palace library and as Grand Master of Splendid Happiness." The Jin houlüe says, "Mo in his youth was known for his pure discernment and was on good terms with Wang Yifu, and both liked to make the ranking of men their business, so the men of the world granted him the name of talent and wit. From Right Senior Clerk to the chancellor he went out as Inspector of Xiangzhou. He was praised for being noble and spare." Note: in the Liushi pu, Liu Bin's wife was a daughter of Wu Zhou and bore Cui, Hong and Mo; so they were not sister's sons of the Wang.

晉後略曰：「播字友聲，長樂人。位至大宗正，生蓀。」八王故事曰：「蓀少以才悟，識當世之宜。蚤歷清職，仕至侍中。為長沙王所害。」

The Jin houlüe says, "Bo's courtesy name was Yousheng; he was a man of Changle. His place reached Chief of the Imperial Clan, and he begot Sun." The Bawang gushi says, "Sun in his youth, by his talent and his quickness, knew what suited the age. Early on he held pure offices, and his office reached palace attendant. He was done to death by the prince of Changsha."

晉諸公贊曰：「喬字曾伯，河間人。有才學，仕至司隸校尉。順字曼長，仕至太僕卿。」

The Jin zhugong zan says, "Qiao's courtesy name was Zengbo; he was a man of Hejian. He had talent and learning, and his office reached colonel director of retainers. Shun's courtesy name was Manchang, and his office reached Chamberlain for the Imperial Stud."

晉陽秋曰：「尚書令衛瓘見廣曰：『昔何平叔諸人沒，常謂清言盡矣，今復聞之於君！』」王隱晉書曰：「衛瓘有名理，及與何晏、鄧颺等數共談講，見廣奇之曰：『每見此人，則瑩然猶廓雲霧而睹青天。』」

The Jin yangqiu says, "Wei Guan, Director of the Department of State Affairs, saw Guang and said, 'When He Pingshu and those men of old died, I always thought pure talk was at an end; and now I hear it again from you.'" Wang Yin's Jin shu says, "Wei Guan had a grasp of names and reason, and he had often talked and expounded together with He Yan and Deng Yang and the rest. Seeing Guang he thought him rare, and said, 'Every time I see this man it is bright, as if the clouds and the mist were swept away and one saw the blue sky.'"

禮記曰：「趙文子與叔譽觀于九原，文子曰：『死者如可作也，吾誰與歸？』」鄭玄曰：「作，起也。」

The Liji says, "Zhao Wenzi was looking out over Jiuyuan with Shuyu, and Wenzi said, 'If the dead could be raised, with whom would I go home?'" Zheng Xuan says, "Zuo means to raise up."

晉陽秋曰：「樂廣善以約言厭人心，其所不知，默如也。太尉王夷甫、光祿大夫裴叔則能清言，常曰：『與樂君言，覺其簡至，吾等皆煩。』」

The Jin yangqiu says, "Yue Guang was good at filling men's hearts with few words, and where he did not know, he was silent. Wang Yifu the Grand Commandant and Pei Shuze the Grand Master of Splendid Happiness could hold pure talk, and they always said, 'When we speak with Master Yue we feel how spare and how complete he is; we are all of us too many in our words.'"

名士傳曰：「郭象字子玄，自黃門郎為太傅主簿，任事用勢，傾動一府。敳謂象曰：『卿自是當世大才，我疇昔之意，都已盡矣！』其伏理推心，皆此類也。」

The Mingshi zhuan says, "Guo Xiang's courtesy name was Zixuan. From gentleman of the Yellow Gate he became Recorder to the Grand Tutor, and he took affairs into his hands and used his power, and tipped and moved the whole office. Ai said to Xiang, 'You are of yourself the great talent of the age; my purpose of former days is all spent now.' His yielding to reason and his opening of his heart were all of this kind."

王隱晉書曰：「澄通朗好人倫，情無所繫。」

Wang Yin's Jin shu says, "Cheng was penetrating and clear and liked the ranking of men, and his feelings were tied to nothing."

晉陽秋曰：「太傅將召劉輿，或曰：『輿猶膩也，近將汙人。』太傅疑而禦之。輿乃密視天下兵簿諸屯戎及倉庫處所，人穀多少，牛馬器械，水陸地形，皆默識之。是時軍國多事，每會議事，自潘滔以下皆不知所對。輿便屈指籌計，所發兵仗處所，糧廩運轉，事無凝滯。於是太傅遂委仗之。」

The Jin yangqiu says, "When the Grand Tutor was about to summon Liu Yu, someone said, 'Yu is like grease; go near him and he will dirty you.' The Grand Tutor doubted and held off. Yu then quietly looked over the muster rolls of the armies of the empire, the garrisons and the places of the storehouses, the numbers of men and the amounts of grain, the oxen and horses and engines, and the lie of land and water, and he learned them all in silence. At that time there was much business of army and state, and whenever they met to deliberate, from Pan Tao down none knew what answer to make. Yu would count on his fingers and reckon, and in the places from which troops and arms were to be sent out and in the carrying and moving of grain there was no hitch in any matter. So the Grand Tutor came to lean on him and put all in his hands."

八王故事曰：「劉輿才長綜覈，潘滔以博學為名，裴邈彊力方正，皆為東海王所暱，俱顯一府。故時人稱曰：輿長才，滔大才，邈清才也。」

The Bawang gushi says, "Liu Yu's talent was long in gathering things together and checking them, Pan Tao was known for wide learning, and Pei Miao was strong in force and square and upright. All were held close by the prince of Donghai, and together they shone in one office. So the men of that time said: Yu a long talent, Tao a great talent, Miao a pure talent."

世語曰：「渾字長成，清虛寡欲，位至太子中庶子。」

The Shiyu says, "Hun's courtesy name was Zhangcheng. He was pure and empty and had few desires, and his place reached Chief Steward to the crown prince."

已見。

He has already appeared.

虞預晉書曰：「簡字季倫，平雅有父風。與嵇紹、劉漠等齊名。遷尚書，出為征南將軍。」

Yu Yu's Jin shu says, "Jian's courtesy name was Jilun. He was even and elegant and had his father's air. His name stood level with those of Ji Shao and Liu Mo. He moved to be an imperial secretary and went out as General Who Subdues the South."

名士傳曰：「瞻字千里，夷任而少嗜欲，不修名行，自得於懷。讀書不甚研求，而識其要。仕至太子舍人。年三十卒。」中興書曰：「孚風韻踈誕，少有門風。初為安東參軍，蓬髮飲酒，不以王務嬰心。」

The Mingshi zhuan says, "Zhan's courtesy name was Qianli. He was calm and let things take their course and had few desires; he did not cultivate name or conduct, and found what he had within his own breast. He did not grind hard at his reading, and still he knew what was essential in it. His office reached attendant gentleman to the crown prince. He died at thirty." The Zhongxing shu says, "Fu's air and tone were loose and unbridled, yet in his youth he had the air of his house. At first he was adjutant to the General Stabilizing the East, and he let his hair go wild and drank wine and would not tie his heart to the king's business."

竹林七賢論曰：「純字長悌，位至侍中。悌字叔遜，位至御史中丞。」晉諸公贊曰：「洛陽敗，純、悌出奔，為賊所害。」

The Zhulin qixian lun says, "Chun's courtesy name was Zhangti, and his place reached palace attendant. Ti's courtesy name was Shuxun, and his place reached vice censor-in-chief." The Jin zhugong zan says, "When Luoyang fell, Chun and Ti fled and were killed by brigands."

晉諸公贊曰：「王綏字萬子，辟太尉掾，不就。年十九卒。」晉書曰：「戎子萬，有美號而太肥，戎令食糠，而肥愈甚也。」

The Jin zhugong zan says, "Wang Sui's courtesy name was Wanzi. He was summoned as clerk to the Grand Commandant and did not go. He died at nineteen." The Jin shu says, "Wang Rong's son Wan had a fine name but was too fat, and Rong made him eat chaff, and he grew fatter still."

虞預晉書曰：「琮字子躬，潁川人，太常峻第二子，仕至太尉掾。」

Yu Yu's Jin shu says, "Cong's courtesy name was Zigong; he was a man of Yingchuan, the second son of Jun, Chamberlain for Ceremonials, and his office reached clerk to the Grand Commandant."

王澄別傳曰：「澄風韻邁達，志氣不群。從兄戎、兄夷甫，名冠當年。四海人士，一為澄所題目，則二兄不復措意，云『已經平子』，其見重如此。是以名聞益盛，天下知與不知，莫不傾注。澄後事跡不逮，朝野失望。及舊遊識見者，猶曰：『當今名士也。』」

The Wang Cheng biezhuan says, "Cheng's air and tone went far and were free, and his purpose and his breath were not of the common run. His cousin Rong and his elder brother Yifu had names first in that time. When any gentleman within the four seas had once had a title set on him by Cheng, the two elder brothers gave it no more thought and said, 'It has passed Pingzi.' So weighty was he held. For this his name and his fame grew the greater, and in all the world, whether men knew him or not, there was none who did not lean toward him. Later Cheng's doings did not come up to it, and court and country were disappointed. Yet those of his old company who knew him still said, 'He is the famous gentleman of our day.'"

名士傳曰：「子玄有俊才，能言莊、老。」

The Mingshi zhuan says, "Zixuan had outstanding talent and could talk of the Zhuangzi and the Laozi."

晉陽秋曰：「敳為太傅從事中郎。」

The Jin yangqiu says, "Ai became Gentleman Attendant of the Household to the Grand Tutor."

趙吳郡行狀曰：「穆字季子，汲郡人。貞淑平粹，才識清通。歷尚書郎、太傅參軍。後太傅越與穆及王承、阮瞻、鄧攸書曰：『禮：八歲出就外傅，十年曰幼學，明可以漸先王之教也。然學之所受者淺，體之所安者深。是以閑習禮度，不如式瞻軌儀。諷味遺言，不如親承辭旨。小兒毗既無令淑之資，未聞道德之風，欲屈諸君，時以閑豫，周旋燕誨也。』穆歷晉明帝師、冠軍將軍、吳郡太守。封南鄉侯。」

The Zhao Wujun xingzhuang says, "Mu's courtesy name was Jizi; he was a man of Jijun. He was upright and pure, even and unmixed, and his talent and discernment were clear and penetrating. He served as gentleman of the Department of State Affairs and as adjutant to the Grand Tutor. Later the Grand Tutor Sima Yue wrote to Mu and to Wang Cheng, Ruan Zhan and Deng You, saying, 'By the rites, at eight a boy goes out to a tutor outside the house, and the tenth year is called the year of learning; clearly he may then be steeped by degrees in the teaching of the former kings. Yet what one receives by learning is shallow, and what the body rests in is deep. Therefore to practice the measures of rite at leisure is not so good as to look on a man's bearing and carriage for a model, and to recite and savor words left behind is not so good as to receive the purport of the words in person. My little son Pi has no fine and pure gifts to begin with, and he has not yet heard the air of the Way and its virtue. I wish to trouble you gentlemen, when you have leisure and ease, to go about with him and feast with him and teach him.' Mu served as teacher to Emperor Ming of Jin, as General of the Van, and as Governor of Wu commandery, and he was enfeoffed as marquis of Nanxiang."

晉諸公贊曰：「玄少希慕簡曠。」八王故事曰：「玄為陳留太守。或勸玄過江投琅邪王，玄曰：『王處仲得志於彼，家叔猶不免害，豈能容我？』謂其器宇不容於敦也。」

The Jin zhugong zan says, "Xuan in his youth looked up to what was spare and open." The Bawang gushi says, "Xuan was Governor of Chenliu. Someone urged Xuan to cross the river and go over to the prince of Langye, and Xuan said, 'Wang Chuzhong has had his way over there, and even my own uncle has not escaped harm. How could he hold me?'" This means that his compass and measure could not be held by Dun.

王隱晉書曰：「董養字仲道，太始初，到洛下，干祿求榮。永嘉中，洛城東北角步廣里中地陷，中有二鵝，蒼者飛去，白者不能飛。問之博識者，不能知。養聞，歎曰：『昔周時所盟會狄泉，此地也。卒有二鵝，蒼者胡象，後明當入洛，白者不能飛，此國諱也。』」謝鯤元化論序曰：「陳留董仲道於元康中見惠帝廢楊悼后，升太學堂歎曰：『建此堂也，將何為乎？每見國家赦書，謀反逆皆赦，孫殺王父母，子殺父母不赦，以為王法所不容也。奈何公卿處議，文飾禮典以至此乎？天人之理既滅，大亂斯起。』顧謂謝鯤、阮孚曰：『易稱：知幾其神乎！君等可深藏矣！』乃與妻荷擔入蜀，莫知其所終。」

Wang Yin's Jin shu says, "Dong Yang's courtesy name was Zhongdao. At the beginning of the Taishi years he came down to Luoyang seeking salary and seeking glory. In the Yongjia years the ground sank in Buguang ward at the northeast corner of the city of Luoyang, and there were two geese inside it: the grey one flew away, and the white one could not fly. They asked men of wide knowledge and none could tell it. Yang heard of it and sighed, 'This is the place where they swore the covenant at Diquan in the time of Zhou. Now there are two geese. The grey one is the likeness of the Hu, and later they will surely enter Luoyang; that the white one cannot fly is a thing for the state to dread.'" The preface to Xie Kun's Yuanhua lun says, "In the Yuankang years Dong Zhongdao of Chenliu saw Emperor Hui put away Empress Yang Dao, and he went up into the hall of the Imperial Academy and sighed, 'This hall was raised — and to what end? Every time I see an edict of pardon from the state, those who plot rebellion and revolt are all pardoned, while a grandson who kills his grandparents and a son who kills his parents are not pardoned, because these were held to be what the royal law cannot hold. How then have the ducal ministers handled the deliberation, dressing up the codes of rite, until it has come to this? The reason of Heaven and man is gone, and from this great disorder will rise.' He turned to Xie Kun and Ruan Fu and said, 'The Yi says that to know the germ of a thing is divine. You gentlemen may well hide yourselves deep.' Then he and his wife shouldered their loads and went into Shu, and no one knows where he ended."

顧愷之夷甫畫贊曰：「夷甫天形瑰特，識者以為巖巖秀峙，壁立千仞。」

Gu Kaizhi's Yifu huazan says, "Yifu's Heaven-given form was rare and out of the common, and those who knew held that he towered and stood out, like a cliff a thousand fathoms high."

庾敳。

This is Yu Ai.

晉諸公贊曰：「溫幾字元甫，太原人。才性清婉。歷司徒右長史、湘州刺史，卒官。」

The Jin zhugong zan says, "Wen Ji's courtesy name was Yuanfu; he was a man of Taiyuan. His talent and his nature were pure and fine. He served as Right Senior Clerk to the Minister over the Masses and as Inspector of Xiangzhou, and died in office."

曹嘉之晉紀曰：「劉疇字王喬，彭城人。父訥，司隸校尉。疇善談名理。曾避亂塢壁，有胡數百欲害之。疇無懼色，援笳而吹之，為出塞入塞之聲，以動其遊客之思。於是群胡皆泣而去之。位至司徒左長史。」

Cao Jiazhi's Jin ji says, "Liu Chou's courtesy name was Wangqiao; he was a man of Pengcheng. His father Ne was colonel director of retainers. Chou was good at talking of names and reason. He once fled the troubles into a walled fort, and several hundred Hu meant to kill him. Chou showed no fear in his face, but took up a reed pipe and blew it, making the sounds of going out beyond the frontier and of coming back in, and so he stirred their longing as men far from home. At this the whole band of Hu wept and went away. His place reached Left Senior Clerk to the Minister over the Masses."

中，一作平。

For zhong, one text has ping.

文士傳曰：「雲性弘靜，怡怡然為士友所宗。機清厲有風格，為鄉黨所憚。」

The Wenshi zhuan says, "Yun by nature was broad and quiet, and in his easy good humor he was the head of his gentlemen friends. Ji was pure and severe and had bearing and standing, and the men of his village were wary of him."

王氏譜曰：「濛父訥，娶潁州庾琮之女，字三壽也。」

The Wangshi pu says, "Meng's father Ne took to wife the daughter of Yu Cong of Yingzhou, whose courtesy name was Sanshou."

子躬，子嵩兄也。

Zigong was Zisong's elder brother.

名士傳曰：「敳不為辨析之談，而舉其旨要。太尉王夷甫雅重之也」。一作「家從談之祖。」從，一作誦。許，一作辭。

The Mingshi zhuan says, "Ai did not make talk that divided and split things, but took up what was essential in their purport. Wang Yifu the Grand Commandant valued him in an elegant way." One text has, "Among his own cousins, the ancestor of talk." For cong, one text has song; for xu, one text has ci.

晉陽秋曰：「敳頹然淵放，莫有動其聽者。」

The Jin yangqiu says, "Ai was crumbling and deep and free, and there was none who could move his hearing."

虞預晉書曰：「逖字士稚，范陽遒人。豁蕩不修儀檢，輕財好施。」晉陽秋曰：「逖與司空劉琨俱以雄豪著名。年二十四，與琨同辟司州主簿，情好綢繆，共被而寢。中夜聞雞鳴，俱起曰：『此非惡聲也。』每語世事，則中宵起坐，相謂曰：『若四海鼎沸，豪傑共起，吾與足下相避中原耳！』為汝南太守，值京師傾覆，率流民數百家南度，行達泗口，安東板為徐州刺史。逖既有豪才，常慷慨以中原為己任，乃說中宗雪復神州之計，拜為豫州刺史，使自招募。逖遂率部曲百餘家，北度江，誓曰：『祖逖若不清中原而復濟此者，有如大江！』攻城略地，招懷義士，屢摧石虎，虎不敢復闚河南，石勒為逖母墓置守吏。劉琨與親舊書曰：『吾枕戈待旦，志梟逆虜，常恐祖生先吾箸鞭耳！』會其病卒。先有妖星見豫州分，逖曰：『此必為我也！天未欲滅寇故耳！』贈車騎將軍。」

Yu Yu's Jin shu says, "Zu Ti's courtesy name was Shizhi; he was a man of Qiu in Fanyang. He was open and free and did not cultivate bearing or restraint, and he made light of wealth and liked to give." The Jin yangqiu says, "Ti and Liu Kun, Minister of Works, were both known for boldness and dash. At twenty-four he was summoned with Kun to be Recorder of Sizhou, and their feeling and their friendship were closely bound, and they slept under one quilt. In the middle of the night they heard a cock crow and rose together, saying, 'This is no ill sound.' Whenever they spoke of the affairs of the age they would sit up in the middle of the night and say to one another, 'If the four seas boil like a cauldron and bold men rise together, you and I shall have to keep out of each other's way in the central plain.' He became Governor of Runan, and meeting the fall of the capital he led several hundred families of drifting people across to the south. When he reached Sikou, the General Stabilizing the East appointed him by tablet Inspector of Xuzhou. Ti had bold talent, and his heart was always full of taking the central plain for his own charge, so he urged upon Zhongzong a plan for wiping clean the sacred land and recovering it, and he was appointed Inspector of Yuzhou and allowed to raise his own men. So Ti led more than a hundred families of his retainers and crossed the river northward, swearing, 'If Zu Ti does not cleanse the central plain and yet crosses this river again, let him be as this great river!' He attacked cities and took land and called in and cherished men of right, and he broke Shi Hu again and again, so that Hu dared not spy on Henan any more, and Shi Le set clerks to guard the grave of Ti's mother. Liu Kun wrote to his friends and old companions, 'I sleep on my spear and wait for the dawn, and my purpose is to cut down the rebel barbarians; I am always afraid that Master Zu will lay on the whip before me.' It happened that he fell ill and died. Earlier a baleful star had appeared in the field of Yuzhou, and Ti said, 'This must be for me. It is only that Heaven does not yet wish to destroy the brigands.' He was granted the title of General of Chariots and Cavalry."

名士傳曰：「敳雖居職任，未嘗以事自嬰，從容博暢，寄通而已。是時天下多故，機事屢起，有為者拔奇吐異，而禍福繼之。敳常默然，故憂喜不至也。」

The Mingshi zhuan says, "Though Ai held office and duty, he never bound himself with affairs; he was unhurried, broad and free, and entrusted himself to what was open, and that was all. At this time the world had troubles in plenty and matters of the moment rose again and again, and those who acted drew out the rare and spat out the strange, and disaster and fortune came after them. Ai was always silent, and so neither grief nor joy came to him."

玠別傳曰：「玠少有名理，善通莊、老。琅邪王平子高氣不群，邁世獨傲，每聞玠之語議，至於理會之間，要妙之際，輒絕倒於坐。前後三聞，為之三倒。時人遂曰：『衛君談道，平子三倒。』」

The Jie biezhuan says, "Jie in his youth had a grasp of names and reason and was good at getting through the Zhuangzi and the Laozi. Wang Pingzi of Langye had a high spirit not of the common run, and he went beyond the age and was proud and alone; yet every time he heard Jie talk and argue, when it came to the place where reason gathers, to the moment of what is essential and marvelous, he would fall over where he sat. He heard him three times in all, and three times he fell over for it. So the men of that time said, 'When Master Wei talks of the Way, Pingzi falls over three times.'"

王舒已見。王邃別傳曰：「邃字處重，琅邪人，舒弟也。意局剛清，以政事稱。累遷中領軍、尚書左僕射。」舒、邃並敦從弟。

Wang Shu has already appeared. The Wang Sui biezhuan says, "Sui's courtesy name was Chuzhong; he was a man of Langye, Shu's younger brother. His mind and his capacity were firm and pure, and he was praised for his handling of government. Through a succession of posts he became Commander of the Center and Left Vice Director of the Department of State Affairs." Shu and Sui were both cousins of Dun.

使，一作便。

For shi, one text has bian.

鄧粲晉紀曰：「顗為荊州，始至，而建平民傅密等叛迎蜀賊。顗狼狽失據，陶侃救之，得免。顗至武昌投王敦，敦更選侃代顗。顗還建康，未即得用也。」

Deng Can's Jin ji says, "Yi had become Governor of Jingzhou, and no sooner had he come than Fu Mi and others, people of Jianping, rebelled and welcomed in the brigands of Shu. Yi was thrown into confusion and lost his footing, and Tao Kan came to his rescue and he got away. Yi reached Wuchang and went to Wang Dun, and Dun chose Kan instead to take Yi's place. Yi went back to Jiankang and was not given a post at once."

高坐傳曰：「庾亮、周顗、桓彝一代名士，一見和尚，披衿致契。曾為和尚作目，久之未得。有云：『尸利密可稱卓朗。』於是桓始咨嗟，以為標之極似。宣武嘗云：『少見和尚，稱其精神淵箸，當年出倫。』其為名士所歎如此。」

The Gaozuo zhuan says, "Yu Liang, Zhou Yi and Huan Yi were famous gentlemen of one age, and at a single meeting with the monk they opened their breasts and came to an accord with him. They once tried to make a title for the monk, and for a long time they could not find one. Someone said, 'Shilimi may be called outstanding and clear.' At this Huan first sighed in admiration and held it a mark very like him. Xuanwu once said, 'In my youth I saw the monk, and I praised his spirit as deep and manifest, outstanding among the men of that year.' So was he sighed over by the famous gentlemen."

王應也。

This is Wang Ying.

春秋左氏傳曰：「叔向，羊舌肹也。晉大夫。」

The Chunqiu Zuoshi zhuan says, "Shuxiang is Yangshe Xi, a great officer of Jin."

玠別傳曰：「玠至武昌見王敦，敦與之談論，彌日信宿。敦顧謂僚屬曰：『昔王輔嗣吐金聲於中朝，此子今復玉振於江表，微言之緒，絕而復續。不悟永嘉之中，復聞正始之音。阿平若在，當復絕倒。』」

The Jie biezhuan says, "Jie came to Wuchang and saw Wang Dun, and Dun talked and argued with him all day and kept him two nights. Dun looked round at his officers and his staff and said, 'Long ago Wang Fusi brought out the sound of metal in the central court, and now this young man rings out the jade again beyond the river; the thread of subtle words was cut and is joined again. I never knew that in the midst of the Yongjia years I should hear the sound of Zhengshi again. If A-Ping were here, he would fall over once more.'"

永嘉流人名曰：「澄弟四子微。」澄別傳曰：「微邁上有父風。」

The Yongjia liuren ming says, "Cheng's fourth son was Wei." The Cheng biezhuan says, "Wei went far up and had his father's air."

言談之流，靡靡如解木出屑也。

This says that the current of his talk and speech was smooth, like the sawdust that comes out when wood is sawn.

虞預書曰：「戴儼字若思，廣陵人。才義辯濟，有風標鋒穎。累遷征西將軍，為王敦所害。贈左光祿大夫，儀同三司。」

Yu Yu's book says, "Dai Yan's courtesy name was Ruosi; he was a man of Guangling. His talent, his sense of right and his speech carried things through, and he had the mark of bearing and the point of a blade. Through a succession of posts he became General Who Conquers the West, and he was killed by Wang Dun. He was granted Left Grand Master of Splendid Happiness and Equal in Ceremonial to the Three Offices."

卞壼別傳曰：「壼字望之，濟陰冤句人。父粹，太常卿。壼少以貴正見稱，累遷御史中丞，權門屏跡，轉領軍尚書令。蘇峻作亂，率眾距戰，父子二人俱死王難。」鄧粲晉紀曰：「初，咸和中，貴遊子弟能談嘲者，慕王平子、謝幼輿等為達。壼厲色於朝曰：『悖禮傷教，罪莫斯甚！中朝傾覆，實由於此！』欲奏治之。王導、庾亮不從，乃止。其後皆折節為名士。」語林曰：「孔坦為侍中，密啟成帝，不宜往拜曹夫人。丞相聞之曰：『王茂弘駑痾耳！若卞望之之巖巖，刁玄亮之察察，戴若思之峰距，當敢爾不？』」此言殊有由緒，故聊載之耳。

The Bian Kun biezhuan says, "Kun's courtesy name was Wangzhi; he was a man of Yuanju in Jiyin. His father Cui was Chamberlain for Ceremonials. Kun in his youth was praised for being noble and upright, and through a succession of posts he became vice censor-in-chief, and the houses of power hid their tracks; he moved to be Commander and Director of the Department of State Affairs. When Su Jun raised his revolt, Kun led his men out to block him and fight, and father and son, the two of them, died together in the king's trouble." Deng Can's Jin ji says, "At first, in the Xianhe years, the noble young men at their pleasure who could talk and jest longed after Wang Pingzi and Xie Youyu and the rest, and took that for freedom. Kun set his face hard at court and said, 'To warp the rites and wound the teaching — no crime is worse than this. That the central court fell was truly because of this.' He wished to memorialize and have them punished. Wang Dao and Yu Liang would not follow him, and so it stopped. Afterward they all bent their ways and became famous gentlemen." The Yulin says, "Kong Tan became palace attendant and quietly told Emperor Cheng that it was not fitting to go and bow to Lady Cao. The chancellor heard of it and said, 'Wang Maohong is only a dull nag. If it were Bian Wangzhi's towering, or Diao Xuanliang's watchfulness, or Dai Ruosi's standing like a peak, would he dare do so?'" These words have some thread to them, and so I set them down here.

按王氏譜：「羲之是敦從父兄子。」

Note: the Wangshi pu says, "Xizhi is the son of Dun's elder cousin."

中興書曰：「阮裕少有德行，王敦聞其名，召為主簿，知敦有不臣之心，縱酒昏酣，不綜其事。」

The Zhongxing shu says, "Ruan Yu in his youth had virtuous conduct, and Wang Dun heard his name and called him to be Recorder. But knowing that Dun had a mind not fitting a subject, he drank wine as he pleased and was muddled with drink and would not attend to his business."

晉陽秋曰：「顗正情嶷然，雖一時儕類，皆無敢媟近。」

The Jin yangqiu says, "Yi's upright feeling was lofty, and even his fellows of that time, none of them dared come near him lightly."

世語曰：「淮字始立，弘農華陰人。曾祖彪、祖脩，有名前世。父囂，典軍校尉。淮元康末為冀州刺史。」荀綽冀州記曰：「淮見王綱不振，遂縱酒不以官事規意，消搖卒歲而已。成都王知淮不治，猶以其名士，惜而不遣，召為軍咨議祭酒，府散停家。關東諸侯欲以淮補三事，以示懷賢尚德之事，未施行而卒。時年二十有七。」

The Shiyu says, "Huai's courtesy name was Shili; he was a man of Huayin in Hongnong. His great-grandfather Biao and his grandfather Xiu had names in earlier ages. His father Xiao was colonel of the standing army. At the end of the Yuankang years Huai became Inspector of Jizhou." Xun Chuo's Jizhou ji says, "Huai saw that the royal bonds were not held firm, and so he drank wine as he pleased and would not set his mind on the business of office, and he strolled about and let the years end, and no more. The prince of Chengdu knew that Huai did not govern, yet because he was a famous gentleman he grudged to send him away, and called him to be libationer and consultant of the army; but the office broke up and he stayed at home. The feudal lords east of the pass wished to fill one of the three high offices with Huai, to show that they cherished the worthy and honored virtue, but he died before it was carried out. He was twenty-seven at the time."

何充已見。

He Chong has already appeared.

晉陽秋曰：「充，導妻姊之子，明穆皇后之妹夫也。思韻淹濟，有文義才情，導深器之。由是少有美譽，遂歷顯位。導有副貳已使繼相意，故屢顯此指於上下。」

The Jin yangqiu says, "Chong was the son of the elder sister of Dao's wife, and the husband of the younger sister of Empress Mingmu. His thought and his tone were broad and carried things through, and he had literary sense and talent and feeling, and Dao held him deeply as a vessel. From this he had a fair name in his youth and went on through eminent places. Dao had it in mind to set up a second man to follow him as chancellor, and so he showed this purpose often to those above and below."

曹嘉之晉紀曰：「疇有重名，永嘉中為閻鼎所害。司徒蔡謨每歎曰：『若使劉王喬得南渡，司徒公之美選也。』」

Cao Jiazhi's Jin ji says, "Chou had a weighty name, and in the Yongjia years he was killed by Yan Ding. Cai Mo, Minister over the Masses, always sighed and said, 'If Liu Wangqiao could have crossed to the south, he would have been the fair choice for Duke Minister over the Masses.'"

晉陽秋曰：「述體道清粹，簡貴靜正，怡然自足，不交非類。雖群英紛紛，俊乂交馳，述獨蔑然，曾不慕羨。由是名譽久蘊。」

The Jin yangqiu says, "Shu made the Way his body and was pure and unmixed, spare and noble, quiet and upright. He was content and sufficient in himself, and he did not mix with those not of his kind. Though the crowd of brilliant men thronged and the outstanding ran to and fro, Shu alone made light of it and never longed after them or envied them. From this his name and his praise were long stored up."

言非聖人，不能無過。意譏讚述之徒。

This says that one who is not a sage cannot be without fault. The sense of it mocks the crowd who praised Shu.

八王故事曰：「楊淮有六子，曰：喬、髦、朗、琳、俊、仲，皆得美名。論者以謂悉有台輔之望。文康庾公每追歎曰：『中朝不亂，諸楊作公未已也。』」

The Bawang gushi says, "Yang Huai had six sons: Qiao, Mao, Lang, Lin, Jun and Zhong, and all of them gained fair names. Those who judged held that every one of them had the promise of the highest offices. Lord Yu Wenkang, whenever he looked back and sighed, would say, 'Had the central court not fallen into disorder, the several Yang would not yet have stopped making dukes.'"

琮字子躬。

Cong's courtesy name was Zigong.

劉氏譜曰：「綏字萬安，高平人。祖奧，太祝令。父斌，著作郎。綏歷驃騎長史。」

The Liushi pu says, "Sui's courtesy name was Wan'an; he was a man of Gaoping. His grandfather Ao was director of the great invocators, and his father Bin was gentleman of the palace writers. Sui served as senior clerk to the General of Agile Cavalry."

徐江州本事曰：「徐寧字安期，東海郯人。通朗有德素，少知名。初為輿縣令。譙國桓彝有人倫鑒識，嘗去職無事，至廣陵尋親舊，遇風，停浦中累日，在船憂邑，上岸消搖，見一空宇，有似廨署，彝訪之。云：『輿縣廨也，令姓徐名寧。』彝既獨行，思逢悟賞，聊造之。寧清惠愽涉，相遇怡然。遂停宿，因留數夕，與寧結交而別。至都，謂庾亮曰：『吾為卿得一佳吏部郎。』亮問所在，彝即敘之。累遷吏部郎、左將軍、江州刺史。」

The Xu Jiangzhou benshi says, "Xu Ning's courtesy name was Anqi; he was a man of Tan in Donghai. He was penetrating and clear and had virtue and plainness, and he was known by name in his youth. At first he was magistrate of Yu county. Huan Yi of Qiaoguo had the eye to judge the ranks of men. He had once left office and had nothing to do, and he went to Guangling to look for kin and old friends; but he met a wind and lay several days in a harbor. Grieving aboard the boat, he went up on the bank and strolled about, and seeing an empty building that looked like a government office, Yi asked about it. They said, 'It is the office of Yu county. The magistrate's surname is Xu and his name is Ning.' Yi had been traveling alone and was longing to meet someone who would understand and praise him, and so he called on him. Ning was pure and wise and widely read, and when they met they were glad together. So he stayed the night, and then he stayed several nights, and he made a friendship with Ning and parted. When he reached the capital he said to Yu Liang, 'I have got you a fine gentleman for the Board of Personnel.' Liang asked where he was, and Yi told it all out. Through a succession of posts Ning became gentleman of the Board of Personnel, General of the Left, and Inspector of Jiangzhou."

晉陽秋曰：「裒簡穆有器識。」故為彝所目也。

The Jin yangqiu says, "Pou was spare and calm and had capacity and discernment." So Yi set this title on him.

晉陽秋曰：「寧字建寧，長樂人，賈氏孼子也。初自結於王應、諸葛瑤。應敗，浮遊吳會，吳人咸侮辱之。聞京師亂，馳出投蘇峻，峻甚暱之，以為謀主。及峻聞義軍起，自姑孰屯于石頭，是寧之計。峻敗，先降。仕至新安太守。」

The Jin yangqiu says, "Ning's courtesy name was Jianning; he was a man of Changle, a son of the Jia by a concubine. At first he attached himself to Wang Ying and Zhuge Yao. When Ying was brought down, he drifted about in Wu and Kuaiji, and the men of Wu all slighted and shamed him. Hearing that the capital was in disorder, he hurried off to Su Jun, and Jun held him very close and made him the master of his plans. When Jun heard that the loyal army had risen, it was on Ning's plan that he moved from Gushu and camped at Shitou. When Jun was beaten, he was the first to surrender. His office reached Governor of Xin'an."

晉陽秋曰：「杜乂字弘治，京兆人。祖預、父錫，有譽前朝。乂少有令名，仕丹陽丞，蚤卒。成帝納乂女為后。」

The Jin yangqiu says, "Du Yi's courtesy name was Hongzhi; he was a man of Jingzhao. His grandfather Yu and his father Xi had praise in the former court. Yi in his youth had a fine name, and he served as aide of Danyang and died early. Emperor Cheng took Yi's daughter into the palace and made her empress."

謂亮有廊廟之器，翼有臣世之才，各有用也。

This means that Liang had the vessel for the halls of state and Yi had the talent to govern the age as a subject, and that each had his use.

江左名士傳曰：「乂，清標令上也。」

The Jiangzuo mingshi zhuan says, "Yi was pure and outstanding, fine and high."

語林曰：「有人目杜弘治，標鮮甚清令，初若熙怡，容無韻，盛德之風，可樂詠也。」

The Yulin says, "Someone said of Du Hongzhi, 'He stands out and is fine and very pure and good. At first he seems full of cheer, and there is no tone in his looks. It is the air of a full virtue, fit to be gladly chanted.'"

倪，庾倩小字也。徐廣晉紀曰：「倩字少彥，司空冰子，皇后兄也。有才具，仕至太宰長史。桓溫以其宗彊，使下邳王晃誣與謀反而誅之。」

Ni is Yu Qian's childhood name. Xu Guang's Jin ji says, "Qian's courtesy name was Shaoyan; he was the son of Bing, Minister of Works, and the elder brother of the empress. He had talent and ability, and his office reached senior clerk to the Grand Steward. Huan Wen, because his clan was strong, had Sima Huang, prince of Xiapi, accuse him falsely of plotting rebellion, and had him put to death."

宋明帝文章志曰：「劉恢字道生，沛國人。識局明濟，有文武才。王濛每稱其思理淹通，蕃屏之高選，為車騎司馬。年三十六卒，贈前將軍。」

The Wenzhang zhi of Emperor Ming of Song says, "Liu Hui's courtesy name was Daosheng; he was a man of Peiguo. His discernment and his capacity were bright and carried things through, and he had talent in letters and in arms. Wang Meng always praised his thought and reason as deep and penetrating and called him a high choice for a screen of the realm, and he became marshal to the General of Chariots and Cavalry. He died at thirty-six and was granted General of the Van."

禮記曰：「婦人之諱不出門。」

The Liji says, "A woman's name to be avoided does not go out of the gate."

晉百官名曰：「蕭輪字祖周，樂安人。」劉謙之晉紀曰：「輪有才學，善三禮，歷常侍、國子博士。」

The Jin baiguan ming says, "Xiao Lun's courtesy name was Zuzhou; he was a man of Le'an." Liu Qianzhi's Jin ji says, "Lun had talent and learning and was good at the three books of rite, and he served as regular attendant and as erudite of the Directorate of Education."

王濛、子修並已見。

Wang Meng and his son Xiu have both already appeared.

續晉陽秋曰：「初，安家於會稽上虞縣，優遊山林，六七年間，徵召不至，雖彈奏相屬，繼以禁錮，而晏然不屑也。」

The Xu Jin yangqiu says, "At first An had his house at Shangyu county in Kuaiji and roamed at ease in hill and forest, and for six or seven years he did not come when he was summoned. Impeachments were sent up one after another and then they barred him from office, and he was at peace and made light of it."

徐廣晉紀曰：「述貞審，真意不顯。」

Xu Guang's Jin ji says, "Shu was upright and careful, and he did not show his true mind."

孫綽與庾亮牋曰：「王敦可人之目，數十年間也。」

Sun Chuo's note to Yu Liang says, "The title of Wang Dun as a man who will do is a thing of some decades."

文章志曰：「羲之高爽有風氣，不類常流也。」

The Wenzhang zhi says, "Xizhi was high and open and had air and spirit, and he was not like the common run."

晉陽秋曰：「浩善以通和接物也。」

The Jin yangqiu says, "Hao was good at meeting things with openness and harmony."

徐廣晉紀曰：「浩清言妙辯玄致，當時名流，皆為其美譽。」

Xu Guang's Jin ji says, "Hao's pure talk and marvelous argument reached into what is dark and far, and the famous currents of that time all praised him."

謂吉人之辭寡，非擇言而出也。

This means that a good man's words are few, and that he does not pick his words before letting them out.

中興書曰：「江灌字道群，陳留人，僕射虨從弟也。有才器，與從兄道名相亞。〔一〕仕尚書、中護軍。」

The Zhongxing shu says, "Jiang Guan's courtesy name was Daoqun; he was a man of Chenliu, a cousin of Bin the Vice Director. He had talent and capacity, and his name in the Way stood next to his elder cousin's. He served as imperial secretary and as Commander of the Center Guard."

沈、存、顗、奉並別見。虞氏譜曰：「球字和琳，會稽餘姚人。祖授，吳廣州刺史。父基、右軍司馬。球仕至黃門侍郎。」

Shen, Cun, Yi and Feng all appear elsewhere. The Yushi pu says, "Qiu's courtesy name was Helin; he was a man of Yuyao in Kuaiji. His grandfather Shou was Inspector of Guangzhou under Wu, and his father Ji was marshal to the General of the Right. Qiu's office reached gentleman attendant at the Yellow Gate."

長、琳，即存及球字也。弘道，謝奉字也。言虞氏宗長、琳之才，謝氏伏弘道之美也。

Chang and Lin are the courtesy names of Yu Cun and Yu Qiu. Hongdao is Xie Feng's courtesy name. This says that the Yu take the talent of Chang and Lin for their head, and that the Xie bow down to the excellence of Hongdao.

中興書曰：「浩能言理，談論精微，長於老、易，故風流者皆宗歸之。」

The Zhongxing shu says, "Hao could speak of reason, and his talk and discourse were fine and subtle, and he was outstanding in the Laozi and the Yi, so that all the men of style took him for their head and turned to him."

濛別傳曰：「濛之交物，虛己納善，恕而後行，希見其喜慍之色。凡與一面，莫不敬而愛之。然少孤，事諸母甚謹，篤義穆族，不修小潔，以清貧見稱。」

The Meng biezhuan says, "When Meng dealt with things he emptied himself and took in what was good, and he acted only after forgiving, so that one rarely saw the color of gladness or of anger in him. Whoever once met him face to face revered him and loved him. He lost his father young and served the several mothers with great care, and he was firm in right and at peace with his kin; he did not cultivate small niceties, and he was praised for his pure poverty."

支遁別傳曰：「遁任心獨往，風期高亮。」

The Zhi Dun biezhuan says, "Dun let his heart lead him and went alone, and his bearing and his promise were high and clear."

劉尹別傳曰：「惔既令望，姻婭帝室，故屢居達官。然性不偶俗，心淡榮利。雖身登顯列，而每挹降，閑靜自守而已。」

The Liu Yin biezhuan says, "Tan already had a fine repute and was joined by marriage to the imperial house, and so he was often in high office. Yet his nature did not match the common world, and his heart was cool toward glory and gain. Though his body climbed into the eminent ranks, he always bowed and lowered himself, and he kept to himself in quiet and ease, and no more."

赤玉，庾統小字。中興書曰：「統字長仁，潁川人，衛將軍擇子也。少有令名，仕至尋陽太守。」

Chiyu is Yu Tong's childhood name. The Zhongxing shu says, "Tong's courtesy name was Zhangren; he was a man of Yingchuan, the son of Ze, General of the Guard. In his youth he had a fine name, and his office reached Governor of Xunyang."

續晉陽秋曰：「康伯清和有思理，幼為舅殷浩所稱。」

The Xu Jin yangqiu says, "Kangbo was pure and harmonious and had thought and reason, and as a child he was praised by his uncle Yin Hao."

晉陽秋曰：「述少貧約，簞瓢陋巷，不求聞達，由是為有識所重。」

The Jin yangqiu says, "Shu in his youth was poor and spare, with one bowl of rice and one gourd of water in a mean lane, and he did not seek to be heard of; by this he was held weighty by men of discernment."

苦謂窮人以辭。

To press hard means to drive a man into a corner with words.

中興書曰：「萬才器俊秀，善自衒曜，故致有時譽。兼善屬文，能談論，時人稱之。」

The Zhongxing shu says, "Wan's talent and capacity were outstanding and fine, and he was good at showing himself off and making himself shine, and so he came by the praise of his time. He was good at writing as well, and he could talk and discourse, and the men of that time praised him."

徐廣晉紀曰：「江惇字思悛，陳留人，僕射虨弟也。性篤學，手不釋書，博覽墳典，儒道兼綜。徵聘無所就，年四十九而卒。」

Xu Guang's Jin ji says, "Jiang Dun's courtesy name was Siquan; he was a man of Chenliu, the younger brother of Bin the Vice Director. By nature he was firm in learning and never let a book out of his hand; he read widely in the old books and brought together the Ru and the Way. He was summoned and took no post, and he died at forty-nine."

許氏譜曰：「玄度母，華軼女也。」按詢集，詢出都迎姊，於路賦詩，續晉陽秋亦然。而此言送母，疑繆矣。

The Xushi pu says, "Xuandu's mother was the daughter of Hua Yi." Note: in Xun's collected works, Xun went out to the capital to meet his elder sister and made a poem on the road, and the Xu Jin yangqiu says the same. But here it says he was seeing his mother off, and that is likely an error.

阮裕、王悅、安期、王應並已見。

Ruan Yu, Wang Yue, Anqi and Wang Ying have all already appeared.

江左名士傳曰：「鯤通簡有識，不修威儀。好跡逸而心整，形濁而言清。居身若穢，動不累高。鄰家有女，嘗往挑之。女方織，以梭投折其兩齒。既歸，傲然長嘯曰：『猶不廢我嘯歌』，其不事形骸如此。」

The Jiangzuo mingshi zhuan says, "Kun was open and spare and had discernment, and he did not cultivate a dignified bearing. He liked his traces to be free while his heart was ordered, his body muddy while his words were clear. He carried himself as though he were soiled, and what he did laid no burden on what was high in him. There was a girl in the house next door, and he once went and made advances to her. The girl was at her weaving, and she threw the shuttle at him and broke two of his teeth. When he came home he whistled long and proudly and said, 'Still it does not stop my whistling and my singing.' So little did he make of his body."

支遁別傳曰：「遁神心警悟，清識玄遠，嘗至京師，王仲祖稱其造微之功，不異王弼。」

The Zhi Dun biezhuan says, "Dun's spirit and mind were alert and awake, and his pure discernment was dark and far. He once came to the capital, and Wang Zhongzu praised his work of getting at the subtle as no different from Wang Bi's."

續晉陽秋曰：「時穆帝幼沖，母后臨朝，簡文親賢民望，任登宰輔。桓溫有平蜀、洛之勳，擅彊西陝。帝自料文弱，無以抗之。陳郡殷浩，素有盛名，時論比之管、葛。故徵浩為揚州，溫知意在抗己，甚忿焉。」

The Xu Jin yangqiu says, "At that time Emperor Mu was a child and his mother the empress dowager sat in court, and Emperor Jianwen, being worthy and near the people's hopes, was charged with the office of chancellor. Huan Wen had the merit of pacifying Shu and Luoyang, and he held the west of Shan alone by his strength. The emperor reckoned that he himself was weak in letters and had no way to stand against him. Yin Hao of Chenjun had long had a great name, and the judgment of the time matched him with Guan Zhong and Zhuge Liang. So Hao was called to be Governor of Yangzhou, and Wen knew that the purpose was to set him against himself, and was very angry at it."

晉安帝紀曰：「羲之風骨清舉也。」

The Jin Andi ji says, "Xizhi's bearing and bone were pure and lifted up."

續晉陽秋曰：「初，安優游山水，以敷文析理自娛。桓溫在西蕃，欽其盛名，諷朝廷請為司馬。以世道未夷，志存匡濟。年四十，起家應務也。」

The Xu Jin yangqiu says, "At first An roamed at ease among hills and streams and took his pleasure in spreading out writing and splitting reason. Huan Wen was in the western march, and admiring his great name he hinted to the court and asked that he be made his marshal. Since the way of the world was not yet level and his purpose lay in setting it right and saving it, at forty he rose from his house and answered to the business."

伏滔大司馬寮屬名曰：「悅字悅子，下邳人。歷大司馬參軍、左衛將軍。」

Fu Tao's Dasima liaoshu ming says, "Zhao Yue's courtesy name was Yuezi; he was a man of Xiapi. He served as adjutant to the Grand Marshal and as General of the Guard of the Left."

溫集載其平洛表曰：「今中州既平，宜時綏定。鎮西將軍豫州刺史尚，神懷挺率，少致人譽，是以入贊百揆，出蕃方司。宜進據洛陽，撫寧黎庶。謂可本官都督司州諸軍事。」

Wen's collected works carry the memorial in which he reported the pacifying of Luoyang: "Now that the central province is at peace, it should be soothed and settled in good time. Shang, General Who Guards the West and Inspector of Yuzhou, has a spirit and a heart outstanding and open, and in his youth he won the praise of men; therefore he came in to assist all the offices and went out to hold a region. He should advance and take Luoyang and soothe and settle the common people. I hold that he may, in his present office, be made commander of all military affairs in Sizhou."

晉陽秋曰：「尚率易挺達，超悟令上也。」

The Jin yangqiu says, "Shang was open and easy, outstanding and free, and he understood beyond others and was fine and high."

溫時在姑孰。

Wen was at Gushu at that time.

王恬已見。文字志曰：「恬識理明貴，為後進冠冕也。」

Wang Tian has already appeared. The Wenzi zhi says, "Tian's discernment and reason were bright and noble, and he was the crown of those coming forward."

衛氏譜曰：「承字君長，成陽人，位至左軍長史。」

The Weishi pu says, "Wei Cheng's courtesy name was Junchang; he was a man of Chengyang, and his place reached senior clerk to the General of the Left."

陳泰已見。

Chen Tai has already appeared.

濛別傳曰：「濛與沛國劉惔齊名，時人以濛比袁曜卿，惔比荀奉倩，而共交友，甚相知賞也。」

The Meng biezhuan says, "Meng's name stood level with that of Liu Tan of Peiguo, and the men of that time matched Meng with Yuan Yaoqing and Tan with Xun Fengqian; and they were friends together and knew and admired one another greatly."

高逸沙門傳曰：「王濛恆尋遁，遇祗洹寺中講，正在高坐上，每舉麈尾，常領數百言，而情理俱暢。預坐百餘人，皆結舌注耳。濛云聽講眾僧：『向高坐者，是鉢釪後王、何人也。』」

The Gaoyi shamen zhuan says, "Wang Meng was always seeking out Dun, and he came upon him expounding in the Qihuan temple. He was just then on the high seat, and every time he lifted his whisk he would carry on for several hundred words, and feeling and reason were both free in them. More than a hundred men were in the seats, and all were tongue-tied and pricked up their ears. Meng said to the monks listening to the expounding, 'The man on the high seat just now is a Wang Bi and a He Yan after the almsbowl.'"

稽叔夜琴賦也。劉惔真長，丹陽尹。

This is Ji Shuye's Qin fu. Liu Tan Zhenchang was Governor of Danyang.

魏氏譜曰：「隱字安時，會稽上虞人。歷義興太守、御史中丞。弟逷，黃門郎。」

The Weishi pu says, "Yin's courtesy name was Anshi; he was a man of Shangyu in Kuaiji. He served as Governor of Yixing and as vice censor-in-chief. His younger brother Ti was gentleman of the Yellow Gate."

車頻秦書曰：「釋道安為慕容晉所掠，欲投襄陽，行至新野，集眾議曰：『今遭凶年，不依國主，則法事難舉。』乃分僧眾，使竺法汰詣揚州，曰：『彼多君子，上勝可投。』法汰遂渡江，至揚土焉。」

Che Pin's Qin shu says, "Shi Dao'an was carried off by Murong Jin, and wishing to go to Xiangyang he came to Xinye and gathered his company and said in council, 'Now we have met a year of famine. If we do not lean on the lord of a state, the business of the Law will be hard to raise.' So he divided the company of monks and sent Zhu Fatai to Yangzhou, saying, 'There are many gentlemen there; you may go up to them and rely on them.' Fatai then crossed the river and came to the land of Yang."

中興書曰：「王洽字敬和，丞相導第三子，累遷吳郡內史，為士民所懷。徵拜中領軍，尋加中書令，不拜。年二十六而卒。」

The Zhongxing shu says, "Wang Qia's courtesy name was Jinghe; he was the third son of Dao the chancellor. Through a succession of posts he became administrator of Wu commandery, and the gentry and the people cherished him. He was called and appointed Commander of the Center Guard, and soon Director of the Secretariat was added, but he did not take it up. He died at twenty-six."

名德沙門題目曰：「法汰高亮開達。」孫綽為汰贊曰：「淒風拂林，明泉映壑。爽爽法汰，校德無怍。事外瀟灑，神內恢廓。實從前起，名隨後躍。」泰元起居注曰：「法汰以十二卒。烈宗詔曰：『法汰飾喪逝，哀痛傷懷，可贈錢十萬。』」

The Mingde shamen timu says, "Fatai was high and clear, open and thorough." The praise Sun Chuo made for Tai says, "A chill wind brushes the grove, a bright spring shines in the valley. Fresh and fresh is Fatai; weigh his virtue and there is nothing to blush for. Outside affairs he is free and clear, within his spirit he is broad. The substance rises first, and the name leaps after it." The Taiyuan qijuzhu says, "Fatai died in the twelfth month. Liezong decreed, 'Fatai's death is being dressed for burial; I grieve and ache and my heart is wounded. Let a hundred thousand cash be granted.'"

孫綽為惔諫敘曰：「神猶淵鏡，言必珠玉。」

The admonition Sun Chuo wrote for Tan says, "His spirit was like a deep pool and a mirror, and his words were sure to be pearls and jade."

嘉賓，郗超小字也。阿源，殷浩也。

Jiabin is Chi Chao's childhood name. A-Yuan is Yin Hao.

會稽記曰：「亭在山陰，臨流映壑也。」

The Kuaiji ji says, "The pavilion is at Shanyin, looking down on the stream and shining into the valley."

「林」應為「臨」。王氏譜曰：「臨之字仲產，琅邪人，僕射彪之子。仕至東陽太守。」

The lin here should be the lin written in Linzhi's name. The Wangshi pu says, "Linzhi's courtesy name was Zhongchan; he was a man of Langye, the son of Biaozhi the Vice Director. His office reached Governor of Dongyang."

王氏譜曰：「耆之字修載，琅邪人，荊州刺史廙第三子。歷中書郎、鄱陽太守、給事中。」

The Wangshi pu says, "Wang Qizhi's courtesy name was Xiuzai; he was a man of Langye, the third son of Yi, Inspector of Jingzhou. He served as gentleman of the Secretariat, Governor of Poyang, and palace steward."

文字志曰：「脩之少有秀令之稱。」

The Wenzi zhi says, "Xiu in his youth was praised as outstanding and fine."

按謝尚年長於惔，神穎夙彰，而曰北面於劉，非可信。

Note: Xie Shang was older than Tan, and his spirit and brilliance showed early; to say that he faced north to Liu is not to be believed.

王胡之別傳曰：「胡之常遺世務，以高尚為情，與謝安相善也。」

The Wang Huzhi biezhuan says, "Huzhi always put the business of the world aside and made the high life his feeling, and he was on good terms with Xie An."

續晉陽秋曰：「超少有才氣，越世負俗，不循常檢。時人為一代盛譽者，語曰：『太才槃槃謝家安，江東獨步王文度，盛德日新郄嘉賓。』」其語小異，故詳錄焉。

The Xu Jin yangqiu says, "Chao in his youth had talent and spirit; he went beyond the age and turned his back on the vulgar and did not follow the usual restraints. The men of that time made a saying that was the great praise of an age: 'Great talent brimming over is An of the Xie house; walking alone east of the river is Wang Wendu; full virtue new day by day is Chi Jiabin.'" The wording is a little different, and so I set it down in full.

虨及弟淳，從灌，並有德行，知名於世。

Bin and his younger brother Chun and their cousin Guan all had virtuous conduct and were known by name in the world.

安北，王坦之也。續晉陽秋曰：「謝安初攜幼釋同好，養志海濱，襟情超暢，尤好聲律。然抑之以禮，在哀能至，弟萬之喪，不聽絲竹者將十年。及輔政，而修室第園館，麗車服，雖期功之慘，不廢妓樂。王坦之因苦諫焉。」按謝公蓋以王坦之好直言，故不思爾。

Anbei is Wang Tanzhi. The Xu Jin yangqiu says, "At first Xie An took the young with him and kept company with those he liked and nourished his purpose by the sea; his breast and his feelings were outstanding and free, and he was especially fond of sound and measure. Yet he held himself down with rite and could come to full grief: at the death of his younger brother Wan he would not listen to strings and pipes for near ten years. When he came to help in government, he put his house and his garden and his lodges in order and made his carriages and his clothes fine, and even in the harshness of the mourning of a year or of nine months he did not give up his singing girls and his music. Wang Tanzhi therefore admonished him bitterly." Note: Lord Xie no doubt did not long for Wang Tanzhi because Tanzhi was fond of straight speech.

宋明帝文章志曰：「胡之性簡，好達玄言也。」

The Wenzhang zhi of Emperor Ming of Song says, "Huzhi was spare by nature and liked to get through to dark words."

充飲酒能溫克。

Chong could drink wine and still keep himself warm and in hand.

修齡，王胡之小字也。

Xiuling is Wang Huzhi's childhood name.

胡之別傳曰：「胡之治身清約，以風操自居。」

The Huzhi biezhuan says, "Huzhi governed himself purely and sparely, and he set himself in bearing and principle."

晉諸公贊曰：「祖約少有清稱。」

The Jin zhugong zan says, "Zu Yue in his youth had a pure name."

王濛別傳曰：「濛性和暢，能清言，談道貴理中，簡而有會。商略古賢，顯默之際，辭旨劭令，往往有高致。」

The Wang Meng biezhuan says, "Meng's nature was harmonious and free, and he could hold pure talk. In speaking of the Way he prized the mean of reason, and he was spare and still met the point. When he weighed and discussed the worthies of old, at the turn between showing and keeping silent his words and his purport were fine and fair, and there was often a high attainment in them."

語林曰：「敬仁有異才，時賢皆重之。王右軍在郡迎敬仁，叔仁輒同車，常惡其遲。後以馬迎敬仁，雖復風雨，亦不以車也。」

The Yulin says, "Wang Jingren had rare talent, and the worthies of that time all held him weighty. When Wang the Right General was in his commandery and went to meet Jingren, Shuren would ride in the same carriage, and he always hated its slowness. Afterward he met Jingren on horseback, and even when wind and rain came he still would not use a carriage."

江灌已見。

Jiang Guan has already appeared.

王胡之別傳曰：「胡之少有風尚，才器率舉，有秀悟之稱。」

The Wang Huzhi biezhuan says, "Huzhi in his youth had bearing and high aims, and his talent and capacity were lifted up freely, and he was praised as outstanding and understanding."

苟子已見。阿興，王蘊小字。

Gouzi has already appeared. A-Xing is Wang Yun's childhood name.

柯，一作打，又作仃，又作打。

For ke, one text has da, another has ding, and another has da.

晉諸公贊曰：「堪字世冑，東平壽張人，少以高亮義正稱。為尚書左丞，有準繩操。為石勒所害，贈太尉。」

The Jin zhugong zan says, "Kan's courtesy name was Shizhou; he was a man of Shouzhang in Dongping. In his youth he was praised for being high and clear, right and upright. He became Left Aide of the Department of State Affairs and held to a plumb line of principle. He was killed by Shi Le and was granted Grand Commandant."

晉諸公贊曰：「烈字陽秀，蚤知名。魏朝為治書御史。」

The Jin zhugong zan says, "Lie's courtesy name was Yangxiu, and he was known by name early. Under the court of Wei he became attending secretary of the law records."

岳集曰：「堪為成都王軍司馬。岳送至北邙別，作詩曰：『微微髮膚，受之父母。峨峨王侯，中外之首。子親伊姑，我父唯舅。』」

Yue's collected works say, "Kan became marshal of the army to the prince of Chengdu. Yue saw him off as far as Beimang, and at parting he made a poem: 'Fine, fine are hair and skin, received from father and mother. Lofty, lofty is the prince, the head of kin on both sides. Your parent is his father's sister, my father only his mother's brother.'"

晉陽秋曰：「鄧攸既棄子，遂無復繼嗣，為有識傷惜。」

The Jin yangqiu says, "Deng You, having once cast off his son, had no one after him to carry on the line, and men of discernment were hurt and grieved by it."

中興書曰：「洽於公子中最知名，與潁川荀羡俱有美稱。」

The Zhongxing shu says, "Qia was the best known among the sons of the ducal house, and together with Xun Xian of Yingchuan he had a fair name."

吳錄士林曰：「吳郡有顧、陸、朱、張，為四姓。三國之間，四姓盛焉。」

The Wu lu shilin says, "In Wu commandery there were the Gu, the Lu, the Zhu and the Zhang, and these made the four surnames. In the time of the Three Kingdoms the four surnames flourished."

按述雖簡，而性不寬裕，投火怒蠅，方之未甚。若非太傅虛相褒飾，則世說謬設斯語也。

Note: though Shu was spare, his nature was not generous and easy, and throwing a thing into the fire and raging at a fly are nothing much beside it. If the Grand Tutor was not praising and dressing him up for nothing, then the Shishuo has set these words down wrongly.

續晉陽秋曰：「詢能言理，曾出都迎姊，簡文皇帝劉真長說其情旨及襟懷之詠。每造厀賞對，夜以繫日。」

The Xu Jin yangqiu says, "Xun could speak of reason. He once came out to the capital to meet his elder sister, and Emperor Jianwen and Liu Zhenchang spoke of his feeling and his purport and of his chanting of what lay in his breast. Every time they drew knee to knee in admiration and answered one another, they joined the night to the day."

中興書曰：「允字子思，陳郡人，太常康第六子。恭素謙退，有儒者之風。歷吏部尚書。」

The Zhongxing shu says, "Yun's courtesy name was Zisi; he was a man of Chenjun, the sixth son of Kang, Chamberlain for Ceremonials. He was respectful and plain, modest and retiring, and he had the air of a Ru. He served as Master of Writing for the Ministry of Personnel."

語林曰：「羊驎因酒醉，撫謝左軍謂太傅曰：『此家詎復後鎮西？』太傅曰：『汝阿見子敬，便沐浴為論兄輩。』」推此言意，則安以玄不見真長，故不重耳。見子敬尚重之，況真長乎？

The Yulin says, "Yang Lin, drunk with wine, patted Xie the General of the Left and said to the Grand Tutor, 'How should this house come after Zhenxi again?' The Grand Tutor said, 'If you saw Zijing, you would bathe and speak of him as an elder brother.'" Drawing out the sense of these words: An meant that Xuan had not seen Zhenchang and so did not hold him weighty. If seeing Zijing makes a man hold him weighty, how much more Zhenchang?

王、謝不通事。別見。

The matter of the Wang and the Xie not being on speaking terms appears elsewhere.

按王詢小字法護，而此言阿瓜，未為可解，儻小名有兩耳。

Note: Wang Xun's childhood name was Fahu, and here it says A-Gua, which cannot be explained. Perhaps he had two childhood names.

續晉陽秋曰：「安弘雅有氣，風神調暢也。」

The Xu Jin yangqiu says, "An was broad and elegant and had spirit, and his bearing and his spirit were even and free."

范甯、王忱並已見。

Fan Ning and Wang Chen have both already appeared.

天錫已見。

Tianxi has already appeared.

未詳。

Not known in detail.

續晉陽秋曰：「珉風情秀發，才辭富贍。」

The Xu Jin yangqiu says, "Min's bearing and feeling burst out beautifully, and his talent and his words were rich and full."

晉安帝紀曰：「初，忱與族子恭少相善，齊聲見稱。及並登朝，俱為主相所待，內外始有不咸之論。恭獨深憂之，乃告忱曰：『悠悠之論，頗有異同，當由驃騎簡於朝覲故也。將無從容切言之邪？若主相諧睦，吾徒得戮力明時，復何憂哉？』忱以為然，而慮弗見令，乃令袁悅具言之。悅每欲間恭，乃於王坐責讓恭曰：『卿何妄生同異，疑誤朝野？』其言切厲。恭雖惋悵，謂忱為搆己也。忱雖心不負恭，而無以自亮。於是情好大離，而怨隙成矣。」

The Jin Andi ji says, "At first Chen and his clan nephew Gong were friends in their youth and were praised with one voice. When both had risen at court and both were favored by the ruler and the chancellor, there began to be talk within and without that they were not in accord. Gong alone was deeply troubled by it, and so he told Chen, 'The loose talk of the world has a good deal of discord in it, and it must be because the General of Agile Cavalry is sparing in his attendance at court. Should we not speak of it quietly and earnestly? If ruler and chancellor are in harmony, our company can spend our strength in a bright age, and what more should we worry about?' Chen thought he was right, but fearing that it would not be got through, he had Yuan Yue set it all out. Yue had always wished to set Gong apart, and so in Wang's seat he rebuked Gong and said, 'Why do you idly make up agreement and discord and throw court and country into doubt and error?' His words were sharp and severe. Gong, though hurt and downcast, thought that Chen had framed him. Chen, though in his heart he had not failed Gong, had no way to clear himself. At this their feeling and their friendship parted wide, and resentment and a rift were made."

恭，正亮沈烈；忱，通朗誕放。

Gong was upright and bright, deep and stern; Chen was penetrating and clear, large and free.

中興書曰：「恭雖才不多，而清辯過人。」

The Zhongxing shu says, "Gong, though his talent was not great, was beyond other men in pure argument."

續晉陽秋曰：「仲堪，仲文之從兄也，少有美譽。」

The Xu Jin yangqiu says, "Zhongkan was Zhongwen's elder cousin, and in his youth he had a fair name."