Byeonhan and Baekje卞韓百濟
1Weighing the claim that Byeonhan is Baekje
卞韓百濟〔亦云南扶餘即泗泚城也〕新羅始祖赫居世即位十九年壬午,卞韓人以國来降.新·舊唐書云“卞韓苗裔在樂浪之地.”後漢書云“卞韓在南馬韓在西辰韓在東.”致逺云“卞韓百濟也.”按夲紀,温祚之起在鴻嘉四年甲辰,則後於赫居世·東明之世四十餘年.而唐書云“卞韓苗裔在樂浪之地”云者,謂温祚之系岀自東明故云耳.或有人岀樂浪之地,立國於卞韓與馬韓䓁並峙者在温祚之前爾,非所都在樂浪之北也.或者濫九龍山亦名卞那山,故以髙句麗爲卞韓者盖謬.當以古賢之說爲是.百濟地自有卞山故云卞韓,百濟全盛之時十五萬二千三百户.
Byeonhan and Baekje.〔Also called South Buyeo, which is Sabi Fortress.〕
In the nineteenth year after Hyeokgeose, the founder of Silla, ascended the throne, an imo year, the people of Byeonhan came and surrendered with their state.
The New Book of Tang and the Old Book of Tang say: "The descendants of Byeonhan are in the land of Lelang."
The Book of Later Han says: "Byeonhan is in the south, Mahan is in the west, and Jinhan is in the east."
Choe Chiwon says: "Byeonhan is Baekje."
Looking at the Basic Annals, Onjo rose in the fourth year of Hongjia, a gapjin year, which is forty-odd years after the time of Hyeokgeose and Dongmyeong.
Yet when the Book of Tang says "the descendants of Byeonhan are in the land of Lelang," it says so only because the line of Onjo came out of Dongmyeong.
Perhaps someone came out of the land of Lelang, founded a state in Byeonhan, and stood side by side with Mahan and the others, and this was before Onjo. It does not mean that the capital was north of Lelang.
Some wrongly draw on the fact that Mount Guryong is also named Mount Byeonna and call Goguryeo Byeonhan. This is generally a mistake.
The words of the wise men of old should be taken as right.
The land of Baekje has its own Mount Byeon, and so it is called Byeonhan.
When Baekje was at its fullest strength, it had one hundred fifty-two thousand three hundred households.
Interlinear notes 1
亦云南扶餘即泗泚城也
Also called South Buyeo, which is Sabi Fortress.