King Namhae, the Second King第二南解王
1Only this king was called chachaung
第二南解王南解居西干亦云次次雄.是尊長之稱唯此王稱之.父赫居世,母閼英夫人,妃雲帝夫人〔一作雲梯今迎日縣西有雲梯山聖母祈旱有應〕.前漢平帝元始四年甲子即位御理二十一年,以地皇四年甲申崩,此王乃三皇之弟一云.
King Namhae, the second king.
Namhae Geoseogan is also called chachaung (次次雄). This is a title of honor for an elder, and only this king was called by it.
His father was Hyeokgeose, his mother was Lady Aryeong, and his queen was Lady Unje.〔Also written Unje (雲梯). Now west of Yeongil County there is Mount Unje. When people pray to the Holy Mother there in time of drought, there is an answer.〕
In the fourth year of Yuanshi under Emperor Ping of Former Han, a gapja year, he ascended the throne. After governing the state for twenty-one years, he died in the fourth year of Dihuang, a gapsin year.
Some also say this king was the first of the three sovereigns.
Interlinear notes 1
一作雲梯今迎日縣西有雲梯山聖母祈旱有應
Also written Unje (雲梯). Now west of Yeongil County there is Mount Unje. When people pray to the Holy Mother there in time of drought, there is an answer.
2Chachaung is a word for a shaman
按三國史云.新羅稱王曰居西干,辰言王也,或云呼貴人之.稱或曰次次雄或作慈充.金大問云“次次雄方言謂巫也.世人以巫事鬼神尚祭祀故畏敬之,遂稱尊長者爲慈充.或云尼師今言謂齒理也.”初南解王薨子弩禮讓位於脫解解云,“吾聞聖智人多齒.”乃試以餅噬之.古傳如此.或曰麻立干〔立一作䄂〕,金大問云“麻立者方言謂橛也.橛標准位而置,則王橛爲主臣橛列於下,因以名之.”
Looking at the Samguk sa, it says this.
In Silla the king was called geoseogan, which means king in the speech of Jinhan. Some say it is a word for addressing a noble person.
Some say chachaung, and it is also written jachung (慈充).
Gim Daemun says: "Chachaung is a word of the native tongue for a shaman. Because people of the world serve the spirits through shamans and hold sacrifice in honor, they fear and respect them. So at last elders came to be honored with the title jachung."
Some say isageum, which is a word meaning tooth marks (齒理).
At first, when King Namhae died, his son Norye yielded the throne to Talhae. Talhae said, "I have heard that holy and wise men have many teeth."
So they bit into a rice cake to test it. The old account is like this.
Some say maripgan.〔'Rip' is also written 'su'.〕
Gim Daemun says: "Marip is a word of the native tongue for a stake. Stakes are set up to mark positions, so the king's stake is the chief, and the ministers' stakes are lined up below. From this came the name."
Interlinear notes 1
立一作䄂
'Rip (立)' is also written 'su (袖)'.
3It is right to keep the native words as they are
史論曰“新羅稱居西干·次次雄者一,尼師今者十六,麻立干者四.羅末名儒崔致逺作帝王年代暦皆稱某王不言居西干等,豈以其言鄙野不足稱之也.今記新羅事,具存方言亦冝矣.羅人凢追封者稱葛文王未詳.此王代樂浪國人來侵金城不克而還.又天鳯五年戊寅高麗之裨屬七國來投.”
The historian's comment says this.
"In Silla, one king was called geoseogan or chachaung, sixteen were called isageum, and four were called maripgan.
When Choe Chiwon, the famous scholar of late Silla, wrote the Jewang yeondaeryeok, he called them all 'King So-and-so' and did not say geoseogan and the rest. Was this not because he thought the words rustic and not worthy of use?
Now in recording the affairs of Silla, it is also right to keep the native words as they are.
The people of Silla called anyone given a posthumous royal title galmunwang (葛文王). The details are not known.
In this king's reign, people of the state of Lelang came and attacked Geumseong, but did not win and went back.
Also, in the fifth year of Tianfeng, a muin year, seven states that were dependent on Goguryeo came and submitted."