The Country of Fanyanna梵衍那國
梵衍那國。東西二千餘里。南北三百餘里。在雪山之中也。人依山谷逐勢邑居。國大都城據崖跨谷。長六七里。北背高巖。有宿麥少花果。宜畜牧多羊馬。氣序寒烈風俗剛獷。多衣皮褐亦其所宜。文字風教貨幣之用。同都貨邏國。語言少異。儀貌大同。淳信之心特甚隣國。上自三寶下至百神。莫不輸誠竭心宗敬。商估往來者。天神現徵祥。示祟變求福德。伽藍數十所。僧徒數千人。宗學小乘說出世部。
The country of Fanyanna is more than two thousand li from east to west and more than three hundred li from north to south. It lies within the Snow Mountains. The people follow the mountain valleys and settle in towns as the ground allows. The great capital city of the country leans on a cliff and straddles a valley, and it is six or seven li long. To the north it has high crags at its back. There is barley, and few flowers and fruits. The land suits herding, and there are many sheep and horses. The climate is bitterly cold, and the customs are hard and rough. They mostly wear hides and coarse hemp, and this too is what suits their land. Their letters, the teaching of their customs, and the use of money are the same as in the country of Duhuoluo. Their speech differs a little, and their bearing and their looks are much the same. Their hearts are deep in faith, far beyond the neighboring countries. From the Three Jewels above to the hundred gods below, there is nothing they do not serve and revere with all their heart. When traders come and go, the gods of heaven show them signs, revealing calamity and making them seek blessing and merit. There are some tens of monasteries and several thousand monks, and above all they study the Lokottaravada school of the Lesser Vehicle.
2The standing stone Buddha and the brass image
王城東北山阿有立佛石像。高百四五十尺。金色晃曜寶飾煥爛。東有伽藍。此國先王之所建也。伽藍東有鍮石釋迦佛立像高百餘尺。分身別鑄總合成立。
On the mountain slope northeast of the royal city there is a standing stone image of the Buddha, a hundred and forty or fifty feet high. Its golden color dazzles the eye, and its jeweled ornaments shine. To the east there is a monastery, and it was built by a former king of this country. East of the monastery there is a standing image of Sakyamuni Buddha made of brass, more than a hundred feet high. Its parts were cast apart, and then they were all joined and set up together.
3The reclining Buddha and the great assembly open to all
城東二三里伽藍中有佛入涅槃臥像。長千餘尺。其王每此設無遮大會。上自妻子下至國珍。府庫既傾復以身施。羣官僚佐就僧酬贖。若此者以爲所務矣。
In a monastery two or three li east of the city there is an image of the Buddha lying down as he entered nirvana, more than a thousand feet long. The king always holds a great assembly open to all in this place. From his wife and children above to the treasures of the country below he gives all away, and when the storehouses are empty he gives his own body besides. The many officers and ministers then go to the monks, pay the price, and bring him back. Such things they take to be the work they must do.
4The Buddha's tooth and the kasaya of Shangnuojiafusuo
臥像伽藍東南行二百餘里。度大雪山。東至小川澤。泉池澄鏡林樹青葱。有僧伽藍。中有佛齒及劫初時獨覺齒。長餘五寸。廣減四寸。復有金輪王齒。長三寸廣二寸。商諾迦縛娑大阿羅漢所持鐵鉢量可八九升。凡三賢聖遺物。並以黃金緘封。又有商諾迦縛娑九條僧伽胝衣。絳赤色設諾迦草皮之所績成也。商諾迦縛娑者。阿難弟子也。在先身中以設諾迦草衣。於解安居日持施衆僧。承茲福力於五百身中陰生陰恒服此衣。以最後身從胎俱出。身既漸長。衣亦隨廣。及阿難之度出家也。其衣變爲法服。及受具戒。更變爲九條僧伽胝。將證寂滅入邊際定。發智願力留此袈裟。盡釋迦遺法。法盡之後方乃變壞。今已少損信有徵矣。
From the monastery of the reclining image one goes southeast more than two hundred li, crosses the Great Snow Mountains, and comes east to a small stream and marsh. The springs and pools are clear as mirrors, and the woods and trees are green. There is a monastery, and in it are a tooth of the Buddha and a tooth of one who awakened alone at the beginning of the kalpa. It is more than five inches long and a little less than four inches wide. There is also a tooth of a golden wheel king, three inches long and two inches wide. There is an iron bowl that the great arhat Shangnuojiafusuo carried, and it holds about eight or nine quarts. All the things left by the three worthy and holy ones are sealed up in gold. There is also the sanghati of nine strips that belonged to Shangnuojiafusuo. It is deep red, and it was woven from the bark of the shenuojia plant. Shangnuojiafusuo was a disciple of Ananda. In a former body he gave robes of shenuojia grass to the assembly of monks on the day the retreat was broken. Bearing the power of that blessing, he was born out of the intermediate state through five hundred bodies and always wore this robe. In his last body it came out of the womb together with him. As his body slowly grew, the robe grew wide along with it. When Ananda brought him over and he left the household life, the robe changed into a monk's garment, and when he received the full precepts it changed again into a sanghati of nine strips. When he had gained quiet extinction and was about to enter the concentration of the utmost limit, he sent forth the power of his wisdom and his vow and left this kasaya to remain until the Law left behind by Sakyamuni comes to its end. Only after the Law has ended will it at last decay. Now it is a little worn, and the sign of it may be trusted.
Interlinear notes 1
舊曰商那和修訛也
In old days it was called Shangnahexiu, which is wrong.
從此東行入雪山。踰越黑嶺至迦畢試國。
From here, going east, one enters the Snow Mountains, crosses the Black Ridges, and reaches the country of Jiabishi.