Yetgeul › Da Tang Xiyu Ji (Great Tang Records on the Western Regions) › Book 12

The Country of Qusha佉沙國

Da Tang Xiyu Ji (Great Tang Records on the Western Regions) 大唐西域記 · Xuanzang · compiled by Bianji · 646 (Tang, 20th year of the Zhenguan era) · 2 passages · 185 Chinese characters · reading time 0.7 min

Da Tang Xiyu Ji (Great Tang Records on the Western Regions) Book 12 The record Xuanzang laid before Emperor Taizong of the Tang after seventeen years of walking through the Western Regions and India, a hundred and thirty-eight countries in all. It is the stuff from which Journey to the West was made, but what stands here is not monsters — it is the compass and the climate and the speech and the faith of one country after another. The road runs two hundred years after Faxian and eighty years before Hyecho.

佉沙國周五千餘里,多沙磧,少壤土。稼穡殷盛,花果繁茂。出細氈褐,工織細氈氍毹。氣候和暢,風雨順序。人性獷暴,俗多詭詐,禮義輕薄,學藝膚淺。其俗生子,押頭匾㔸,容貌粗鄙,文身綠睛。而其文字,取則印度,雖有刪訛,頗存體勢。語言辭調,異於諸國。淳信佛法,勤營福利。伽藍數百所,僧徒萬餘人,習學小乘教說一切有部。不究其理,多諷其文,故誦通三藏及《毗婆沙》者多矣。

The country of Qusha is more than five thousand li around. It has much sand and gravel and little rich soil. Sowing and reaping are abundant and thriving, and its flowers and fruits are plentiful and lush. It yields fine felt and coarse cloth, and they are skilled at weaving fine felt and rugs. The climate is mild and clear, and wind and rain come in their season. The nature of the people is rough and violent, and their customs are full of guile and deceit, and their rites and right dealing are light and thin, and their learning and arts are shallow. In their custom, when a child is born they press its head flat. Their faces are coarse and mean, and they mark their bodies with patterns, and their eyes are green. But their writing takes its rule from India, and though there is cutting away and error in it, it keeps much of the form and shape. Their speech and the turn of their words differ from those of the other countries. They believe in the Law of the Buddha with a simple heart, and they work hard at making blessing and benefit. There are several hundred monasteries and more than ten thousand monks, and they study the Sarvastivada school of the Lesser Vehicle. They do not search out its meaning and they chant its text much, and so there are many who recite and know the Tripitaka and the Piposha.

從此東南行五百餘里,濟徙多河,逾大沙嶺,至斫句迦國。

From here one goes southeast more than five hundred li, crosses the Xiduo river, passes over a great sand ridge, and comes to the country of Zhuojujia.

Interlinear notes 1

舊曰沮渠。

In old days it was called Juqu.