King Gyeongdeok, Master Chungdam, and the Great Virtuous Pyohun景德王·忠談師·表訓大德
1A monk met on the tower on the third day of the third month
景徳王忠談師表訓大徳徳經等大王備禮受之.王御國二十四年,五岳三山神等時或現侍扵殿庭.三月三日王御敀正門楼上謂左右曰,“誰能途中得一貟榮服僧來.”扵是適有一大徳威儀鮮潔徜徉而行.左右望而引見之,王曰“非吾所謂榮僧也.”退之.更有一僧被衲衣負櫻筒〔一作荷簣〕從南而來.王喜見之邀致樓上視其筒中,盛茶具已.曰“汝爲誰耶.”僧曰“忠談”,曰“何所歸來.”僧曰“僧每重三重九之日,烹茶饗南山三花嶺彌勒世尊,今兹旣献而還矣.”王曰“寡人亦一甌茶有分乎.”僧乃煎茶献之,茶之氣味異常甌中異香郁烈.
King Gyeongdeok, Master Chungdam, and the Great Virtuous Pyohun.
The great king received the Daodejing and other texts with full ceremony.
In the twenty-fourth year of the king's rule, the gods of the five peaks and the three mountains at times appeared in the palace courtyard and waited on him.
On the third day of the third month the king went up to the tower of the Gwijeong Gate and said to those around him,
"Who can go out on the road and bring me one monk of fine appearance?"
Just then a man of great virtue, clean and dignified in bearing, came strolling by.
The attendants saw him and brought him in, but the king said, "This is not what I meant by a fine monk." And he sent him away.
Then another monk came from the south, wearing a patched robe and carrying a cherry-wood tube on his back〔Some say he carried a basket.〕.
The king was glad to see him and invited him up to the tower. Looking inside the tube, he saw that it held only tea things.
"Who are you?"
The monk said, "Chungdam (忠談)."
"Where are you coming from?"
The monk said, "Every year on the third day of the third month and the ninth day of the ninth month I brew tea and offer it to the World-Honored Maitreya on Samhwa Ridge on Namsan. Today I have made the offering and am on my way back."
The king said, "Might I too have a share of one bowl of tea?"
The monk then brewed tea and offered it. The scent and taste of the tea were unlike any other, and a strange fragrance rose thick from the bowl.
Interlinear notes 1
一作荷簣
Some say he carried a basket.
2The king is a father and the ministers are a mother
王曰“朕甞聞師讃耆婆郎詞腦歌其意甚髙,是其果乎.”對曰“然”王曰“然則爲朕作理安民歌.”僧應時奉勑歌呈之王佳之封王師焉,僧再拜固辝不受.安民歌曰君隱父也,臣隠愛賜尸母史也,支民焉狂尸恨阿孩古爲賜尸知,民是愛尸知古如.窟理叱大肹生以支所音物生,此肹喰惡支治良羅.此地肹捨遣只扵冬是去扵丁爲尸知,國惡攴持以支知古如.後句君如臣多支民隠如爲内尸等焉,國惡太平恨音叱如.讃耆婆郎歌曰.咽嗚爾處米,露曉邪隠月羅理,白雲音逐于浮去隠安攴下.沙是八陵隠汀理也中,耆郎矣皃史是史藪邪.逸烏川理叱磧惡希,郎也持以攴如賜烏隠,心未際叱肹逐内良齊.阿耶,栢史叱枝次髙攴好,雪是毛冬乃乎尸花判也.
The king said, "I have heard that the sanoe song you composed, In Praise of Giparang, is very lofty in meaning. Is it so?"
He answered, "It is."
The king said, "Then compose for me a song for governing the people and setting them at ease."
The monk received the command on the spot, composed the song, and presented it. The king thought it fine and appointed him royal preceptor.
The monk bowed twice, firmly declined, and would not accept.
The Song of Comforting the People is this.
⟪Hyangga⟫
君隱父也 臣隠愛賜尸母史也 支民焉狂尸恨阿孩古爲賜尸知 民是愛尸知古如 窟理叱大肹生以支所音物生 此肹喰惡支治良羅 此地肹捨遣只扵冬是去扵丁爲尸知 國惡攴持以支知古如 後句 君如臣多支民隠如爲内尸等焉 國惡太平恨音叱如
The Song in Praise of Giparang is this.
⟪Hyangga⟫
咽嗚爾處米 露曉邪隠月羅理 白雲音逐于浮去隠安攴下 沙是八陵隠汀理也中 耆郎矣皃史是史藪邪 逸烏川理叱磧惡希 郎也持以攴如賜烏隠 心未際叱肹逐内良齊 阿耶 栢史叱枝次髙攴好 雪是毛冬乃乎尸花判也
3If the girl is changed to a boy, the state will be in danger
王玉莖長八寸.無子廢之,封沙梁夫人.後妃滿月夫人謚景垂大后,依忠角干之女也.王一日詔表訓大徳曰,“朕無祐不獲其嗣,願大徳請扵上帝而有之.”訓上告扵天帝還來奏云,“帝有言,求女即可,男即不冝.”王曰“願轉女成男.”訓再上天請之,帝曰“可則可矣,然爲男則國殆矣.”訓欲下時,帝又召曰“天與人不可乱,今師徃來如隣里漏洩天機,今後冝更不通.”訓來以天語諭之,王曰“國雖殆,得男而爲嗣足矣.”
The king's member was eight chi long. Since he had no son, he put away his queen and made her Lady Saryang.
His later queen, Lady Manwol, had the posthumous title Great Queen Dowager Gyeongsu, and was the daughter of Uichung, of the rank of gakgan.
One day the king sent a decree to the Great Virtuous Pyohun. "I have no blessing and have not gained an heir. I ask the Great Virtuous to petition the Supreme Emperor so that I may have one."
Pyohun went up to the Emperor of Heaven, made the petition, came back, and reported, "The Emperor says that a daughter may be granted, but a son is not fitting."
The king said, "I ask that the girl be changed into a boy."
Pyohun went up to heaven again and asked. The Emperor said, "It can be done, but if it is a boy, the state will be in danger."
As Pyohun was about to go down, the Emperor called him again and said,
"Heaven and man must not be thrown into confusion. Now you, Master, come and go as if walking to the next village, and you let the secrets of Heaven leak out. From now on you must not come through again."
Pyohun came and told the king the words of Heaven, and the king said,
"Though the state be in danger, if I gain a son to succeed me, that is enough."
4After Pyohun no sage was born
扵是滿月王后生太子王喜甚.至八歳王崩太子即位,是爲惠恭大王.㓜冲故大后臨朝政條不理,盗賊蜂起不遑備禦,訓師之說験矣.小帝旣女爲男,故自期晬至扵登位常爲婦女之戱,好佩錦囊,與道流爲戱.故國有大乱,修爲宣徳與金良相所弑.自表訓後聖人不生扵新羅云.
Then Queen Manwol bore a crown prince, and the king was overjoyed.
When the boy was eight the king died and the crown prince ascended the throne. This was Great King Hyegong.
Because he was so young, the queen dowager presided over the court, but the government was not well managed. Robbers rose up like swarms of bees and could not be held off in time. The words of Master Pyohun had come true.
Because the young ruler had been a girl turned into a boy, from his first birthday until he came to the throne he always played girls' games, loved to wear a brocade purse, and amused himself with Daoist adepts (道流).
So there was great turmoil in the state, and in the end he was killed by King Seondeok and Gim Yangsang.
It is said that after Pyohun no sage was born in Silla.