Eumnu挹婁
1Eumnu — the country of the old Sushen
挹婁在夫餘東北千餘里，濱大海，南與北沃沮接，未知其北所極。其土地多山險。其人形似夫餘，言語不與夫餘、句麗同。有五穀、牛、馬、麻布。人多勇力。無大君長，邑落各有大人。處山林之間，常穴居，大家深九梯，以多爲好。土氣寒，劇於夫餘。其俗好養豬，食其肉，衣其皮。冬以豬膏塗身，厚數分，以禦風寒。夏則裸袒，以尺布隱其前後，以蔽形體。其人不絜，作溷在中央，人圍其表居。其弓長四尺，力如弩，矢用楛，長尺八寸，青石爲鏃，古之肅慎氏之國也。善射，射人皆入（因）。矢施毒，人中皆死。出赤玉，好貂，今所謂挹婁貂是也。自漢已來，臣屬夫餘，夫餘責其租賦重，以黃初中叛之。夫餘數伐之，其人衆雖少，所在山險，鄰國人畏其弓矢，卒不能服也。其國便乘船寇盜，鄰國患之。東夷飲食類皆用俎豆，唯挹婁不，法俗最無綱紀也。
Eumnu lies more than a thousand li northeast of Buyeo and reaches the great sea. It borders Northern Okjeo on the south, and how far it goes to the north is not known. In that land there are many steep mountains.
The people are like those of Buyeo in their looks, but their speech is not the same as that of Buyeo or Goguryeo. They have the five grains, and oxen and horses and hemp cloth. The people have much courage and strength. There is no great king, and each settlement has its own great man.
They live among the mountain forests and always dwell in pits. A great house goes down nine ladders deep, and they hold the deeper to be the better. The air of the land is cold, worse than in Buyeo. By their custom they like to raise pigs, and they eat the flesh and wear the skins. In winter they smear pig fat on their bodies, a few tenths of an inch thick, to keep out the wind and the cold. In summer they go naked and cover the body before and behind with a foot (尺) of cloth. The people are not clean. They make the privy in the middle and live around it.
Their bow is four feet long, and its force is like a crossbow. For arrows they use ho wood (楛), a foot and eight inches long, and they make the arrowheads of blue stone. This is the country of the old Sushen (肅慎氏). They shoot well, and when they shoot at a man they always hit him. They smear poison on the arrows, and whoever is hit dies.
Red jade and fine sable come from there, and this is what is now called the Eumnu sable.
From the time of Han they were vassals of Buyeo, but Buyeo laid its taxes on them heavily, and in the Huangchu years they rebelled. Buyeo struck them again and again, but though their people were few the place where they live is among steep mountains, and the people of the neighboring countries feared their bows and arrows, and in the end they could not be brought to submit. That country is at home in a boat and robs from the water, and the neighboring countries are troubled by them.
Among the Eastern Yi almost all use the sacrificial vessels (俎豆) in eating and drinking, and only the Eumnu do not. In law and custom they are the least bound by rule and order.